BACKGROUND:Porous tantalum, characterized as high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, stable biological properties, good compatibility and typical structural properties, has been the focus in medicine, especial y in orthopedics. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To review the biological characteristics of porous tantalum, including its mechanical properties, compatibility, and biological activity. ＜br> METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed, CSTJ, Wanfang and VIP databases was done for articles relevant to porous tantalum published from 1990 to 2014 using the keywords of“porous tantalum, biological character, orthopedic applications”both in English and Chinese. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Porous tantalum, with high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, and good compatibility, has become increasingly popular in medicine, especial y in orthopedics. At present, porous tantalum is used in the preparation of the integrated acetabular cup, total hip arthroplasty acetabular cup, acetabular reinforcing pad, porous tantalum metal rod, tibial plateau prosthesis and patel ar prosthesis and tibial plateau prosthesis. The short-term fol ow-up of porous tantalum implants in orthopedic surgery has been reported. And clinical data, radiology, histological analysis of the removed material have proved the practicability and safety of the porous tantalum. But the long-term effects of porous tantalum remain to be confirmed.

BACKGROUND:Porous tantalum with high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient has stable biological characters and good biocompatibility, which is considered as an ideal implant material in orthopedic surgery. OBJECTIVE:To review the application situation of porous tantalum used in artificial joints, spine, bone necrosis, defects of bone and so on. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed, Wanfang, and VIP databases was performed for relevant articles published from 1990 to 2014 using the keywords of “porous tantalum, biological character, orthopedic applications” in English and Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Porous tantalum is a kind of good orthopedic implant material, with high porosity, low elastic modulus, high friction coefficient, and good compatibility. Porous tantalum is mostly used in the preparation of integrated acetabular cup, total hip arthroplasty acetabular cup, acetabular reinforcing pad, porous tantalum metal rod, tibial plateau prosthesis, patelar prosthesis and tibial plateau prosthesis, which has achieved good clinical effects.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Radiography ; Respiratory System Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-5(AQP5) in lipo-polysaccharide(LPS)-cigarette smoking inducible SD rats,and the effect of ambroxol chloride(AMB)on its expression. Methods Twenty-one SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: AMB intervention group,model group(LPS-cigarette smoking induction group) and control group.TNF-? was determined from lung homogenate supernatant,bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and serum by ELISA.The semi-quantitation of AQP5 transcription and expression were measured by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry,respectively. Results TNF-? from lung homogenate supernatant and BALF in model group was more than AMB intervention group and control group(P

Objective To investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthases/H2S pathway in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension.Methods Wistar rats were subdivided into 4 groups:(1) 2-kidney,1-clip (2K-1C group,n=7),(2) control (n=7),(3)sham (n=7),and (4) 2K-1C plus sodium hydrosulfide (NariS) (NariS-treated group,n=7).The systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by a tail-cuff method using a pulse transducer once a week.Four weeks later,all rats were killed and the concentration of plasma hydrogen sulfide (H2S),the activity of the H2S syntha.ses in the kidneys on both sides,the plasma angiotensin Ⅱ concentration,and the left-to-whole heart weight ratio were measured.Results The SBP was significantly increased in the 2K-IC group (185.4± 14.0mmHg) comparing with those in the sham group (112.9±6.5mmHg,,or the NariS-treated group(134.8±9.5mmHg) (both P＜0.01).At 4 weeks,the angiotensin Ⅱ concentration in the plasma was increased in the 2K-1C and NariS-treated group,comparing with the control and the sham group (306.92±7.03 pg/ml and 240.73±13.22 pg/ml vs 122.6±25.49 pg/ml and 125.95±10.55 pg/ml,respectively,both P＜0.05).The plasma H2S concentration and the activity of H2S synthases in the left kidney were decreased in the 2K-1C group comparing with those in the sham and the control groups.There was no difference of the activity of the H2S synthases in the right kidneys among the 4 groups.The left-to-whole heart weight ratio was increased in the 2K-1C and the NariS-treated group camparing with that in the sham and natural control groups.Conclusions Dysfunction of the H2S synthases/H2S pathway was involved in the 2K-1C-induced renovascular hypertension in rat.Exogenous administration of H2S donor can attenuate the development of hypertension.These findings suggest that the H2S synthases/H2S pathway participates in the pathogenesis of renovascular hypertension.

Doctor WANG Zhi-zhong in the Southern Song Dynasty proposed the acupoint view of "location of disease", which explained the connotation of acupoints from the angle of clinic. Its meaning included two levels, one level meant pathological change on the body surface, that was the location of acupuncture diagnosis-treatment, and the other one indicated that the body surface which was the reflecting point of pathological change on the distal area or inside the body was the location of acupuncture diagnosis-treatment. The specific connotations of clinical acupoints were: location of pathogenic factors or reflection of pathogenic factors, regularity between acupoints un- der disease and specific organ, morphological differences and positioning variability after acupoints under disease, and acupoints examination, diagnosis and treatment.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

Aged ; Choroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Middle Aged ; Nevus of Ota ; complications

Icaritin, a prenylflavonoid derivative from Epimedium Genus, has been shown to exhibit many pharmacological and biological activities. However, the function and the underlying mechanisms of icaritin in human non-small cell lung cancer have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of icaritin on A549 cells and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. The cell viability after icaritin treatment was tested by MTT assay. The cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis were respectively detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The results demonstrated that icaritin induced cell cycle arrest at S phase, and down-regulated the expression levels of S regulatory proteins such as Cyclin A and CDK2. Icaritin also induced cell apoptosis characterized by positive Hoechst 33258 staining, accumulation of the Annexin V-positive cells, increased ROS level and alteration in Bcl-2 family proteins expression. Moreover, icaritin induced sustained phosphorylation of ERK and p38 MAPK. These findings suggested that icaritin might be a new potent inhibitor by inducing S phase arrest and apoptosis in human lung carcinoma A549 cells.

Atherosclerosis ; complications ; epidemiology ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; complications ; epidemiology ; Glucose Metabolism Disorders ; complications ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Tibet ; epidemiology

Background TLR-4 is a natural immunity receptors in immunity,and it plays an important role in the repair of central nervous system damage.But its effect in glaucoma optic nerve injury is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expression of TLR-4 in retina with high intraocular pressure(IOP)in genetic and Drotein level and therefore explore the mechanism of TLR-4 on retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)injury. Methods Chronic ocular hypertension models were established in the right eyes of 150 clean purebred Sprague-Dawley rats by cauterizing the 3 sallow sclera veins.IOP was measured before and after 2 h,1 day,3,7,14,28,56 days after operation by PEN Ⅱ TONO-type pen tonometer.The expression of TLR-4 protein in rat retina was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot,and expression of TLR-4 mRNA was assayed by real time-PCR.This experimental procedure foliowed the Statement of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The IOP was elevated in various time points after operation in experimental group,showing significant differences in comparison with control group(P<0.01).The immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of TLR-4 protein in rat retina with chronic hypertension in 2 h,1 day,3,7,14,28,56 days after operation with the high A298 values in comparison with control eyes(P<0.05-0.01).Increased levels of TLR-4 mRNA in rat retinas were detected by RTPCR in high IOP eyes compared with control eyes in all time points after operation,presenting statistically significant differences between two groups(P<0.05-0.01).Western blot detection displayed the high expression of TLR-4 in retina in high IOP eyes early after operation with statistically significant results between model group and control group (P<0.05-0. 01). Conclusion TLR-4 is up-regulated in rat retina with chronic high IOP,suggesting that TLR-4 plays an immunoregulatory effect in glaucomatous eye.