Valeriana jatamansi (syn. V. wallichii), a traditional Chinese medicine recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia (1977 and 2010 edition), has been used for treatment of a variety of conditions including sleep problems, obesity, nervous disorders, epilepsy, insanity, snake poisoning, eye trouble, and skin diseases. Also, it was used as an important substitute for the European V. officinalis, whose root preparation, popularly known as valerian, has been employed as a mild sedative for a long time. In recent years, much attention has been draw to the iridoids, one of the major bioactive constituents of V. jatamansi, leading to the discovery of a series of new iridoids with anti-tumor and neuroprotective activities. Their action machnism also has been discussed. This paper summerized the iridoids and their bioactivities from V. jatamansi in recent years, which could provide basic foundation for development and research of V. jatamansi.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Valerian ; chemistry

Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmacytoma ; metabolism ; pathology

The PDB culture medium was selected to ferment the endophyte strain, and the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungi Penicillium polonicum were studied. Combined application of Sephadex LH-20, ODS and HPLC chromatographies over the ethyl acetate extract of the fermented culture led to the isolation of 6 compounds. By spectral methods, the structures were elucidated as [3, 5-dihydroxy-2-(7-hydroxy-octanoyl)]-ethylphenylacetate (1), (3, 5-dihydroxy-2- octanoyl)-ethyl phenylacetate (2), (5, 7-di- hydroxy-9-heptyl)-isobenzo pyran-3-one (3), 3-(hydroxymethyl) 4-(1E)-1- propen-1-yl-(1R, 2S, 5R, 6S)-7-oxabicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3-ene-2, 5-diol (4), (E)-2-methoxy-3-(prop-1-enyl) phenol (5) and p-hydroxylphenylethanol (6).
Biological Factors ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Fabaceae ; microbiology ; Fermentation ; Penicillium ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Secondary Metabolism

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Axilla ; Histiocytic Sarcoma ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo study basic pattern of normal youth in gait analysis.Methods28 healthy young persons as experimental subjects were studied. The gait analysis system based on digital video and digital image processing was employed to obtain kinematic parameters.ResultsThe means and standard deviations of kinematic parameters of normal youth were obtained. The differences of gait patterns between males and females were compared. The correlations between gait parameters and height, weight were analyzed respectively.Conclusions It is recommended that the values of the gait parameters and the trends obtained can be used as a standard gait pattern of normal youth. Statistically significant differences exist between the males and the females for most of the gait parameters. Furthermore, the differences of the values of gait parameters between the males and the females are not led only by the difference of height except very few parameters.

Endophytic fungi Penicillium dangeardii, isolated from Lysidice rhodostegia Hance root, was fermented and the secondary metabolites were studied. By means of Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, ODS column chromatography and PHPLC over the fermented culture, 5 compounds were isolated. By using ESI-MS and NMR, the structures of the compounds were determined as N-[9-(β- D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-yl]-L-aspartic acid (1), 3-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 4-caffeoylquinic acid (3), and 5-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3-hydroxy-benzoic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5).
Biological Factors ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Fabaceae ; microbiology ; Fermentation ; Molecular Structure ; Penicillium ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Secondary Metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathological diagnostic features and the differential diagnosis of radial sclerosing lesions of the breast.

METHODSMorphological observation and immunohistochemistry were applied to forty-four cases of radial sclerosing lesions of the breast.

RESULTSAll forty-four patients were females, the mean age was 40.3 years (range 17 to 54 years). In the 31 consultation cases, 13 were misdiagnosed as carcinoma. The lesions had a radiating outline, and a central scar area where squeezed or pressed irregular shaped tubules were frequently seen. Dilated tubules and proliferated ducts or lobules were seen radically arranged at the periphery accompanied sometimes with the apocrine glands or columnar cell metaplasia and hyperplasia. Aside, there were 14 cases displaying necroses and 8 cases showing atypical ductal hyperplasia. Immunostaining showed myoepithelial cells around the pseudo-infiltrating tubules, and the florid proliferating epithelial cells were positive for CK5/6.

CONCLUSIONSRadial sclerosing lesions of the breast possess characteristic histological features, and may be misdiagnosed as carcinoma. The lesions should be differentiated from ductal carcinoma in situ, lobular neoplasia, tubular carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratin-14 ; metabolism ; Keratin-5 ; metabolism ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Sclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo test the effect of human tremor detector in clinic based on the principle of photoelectrical transformation.MethodsFifty-five subjects including normal youth and elderly persons, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), hyperthyroidism and cerebellor ataxia were tested with human tremor detector. The displacement, frequency spectrograph, velocity and acceleration of both hands in four kinds of postures and action were involved.ResultsThe physiological tremor and pathological tremor in different kinds of patients were significantly different (P<0.05). Especially in PD, both quantitive and qualitative data had a significant difference.ConclusionHuman tremor detector can provide the evidence for early diagnosis of PD.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathological features of mucocele-like lesions in the breast.

METHODSNine cases of mucocele-like lesions in the breast were reported for the morphological and immunohistochemical features, the differential diagnosis, and a literature review.

RESULTSAll nine cases were from female patients, aged 23 to 43 years (mean 34 years), clinically presented with palpable breast masses. Grossly, the lesions were multi-cystic with colloidal appearances. Histologically, the lesions consisted of multiple cysts filled with colloid, these cysts were lined with tubular, cuboidal or columnar epithelium. There were superimposed papillary epithelial hyperplasia in three cases and atypical ductal hyperplasia in one. Extravasated mucinous lakes were seen in the stroma, but without cellular component.

CONCLUSIONMucocele-like lesions of the breast is a group of mostly benign disease, and the differential diagnosis should include mucinous carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Breast ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; physiology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; pathology ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Mucocele ; diagnosis ; pathology

In this paper, Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma extract,with high hygroscopic,was selected as research model, while lactose was selected as modifiers to study the effect of the grinding modification method on the hygroscopic. Subsequently, particle size distribution, scannin electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and surface properties were adopted for a phase analysis. The results showed that the modified extract, prepared by Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma extract grinding 5 min with the same amount of lactose UP2, which hygroscopic initial velocity, acceleration, and critical relative humidity moisture were less than that of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma extract and the mixture dramatically. In addition, compared with the mixture, the size distribution of modified extract was much less, the microstructure was also difference, while the infrared spectroscopy and surface properties were similar with that of lactose. It is the main principle that lactose particle adhered to the surface of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma extract after grinding mofication to decress the moisture obviously.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Rhodiola ; chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Surface Properties ; Wettability