Objective: To investigate the influence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), including slight renal damages, on prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 732 patients who visited our Cardiology Department and Cardiothoracic Surgery Department in 2000-2004. All patients suspected of CAD underwent a selective coronary angiography. Five hundred and seventy-nine patients with established diagnosis of CAD were followed up and their cardiovascular events (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, recurrent myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, death, etc.) were recorded. Patients with CAD were divided into normal, slight, moderate, and severe groups according to the degree of renal function damages. The influences of different degrees of renal damages on the prognosis of CAD were compared. Results: There were obvious differences in the morbidities of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, recurrent myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, etc. in CAD patients with different degrees of renal function damages. The worse the renal function, the higher the incidences of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, recurrent myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke, etc (P<0.05). Conclusion: The severity of chronic renal insufficiency is positively correlated to the risks of CAD. The worse the renal function, the higher the incidence of cardiovascular events and the worse of CAD prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of cerebral computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of the severity of brain injury following hypoxia in neonates.

METHODSA total of 114 full-term newborns who had perinatal hypoxia, including 25 cases of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), 36 cases of neonatal asphyxia and 53 cases of simple intrauterine fetal distress, were enrolled in this study. Twenty normal newborns served as the Control group. All had cerebral CT scan at 2-7 days of age. Neonatal behavior neurological assessment (NBNA) was performed at 5 days of age.

RESULTSThe average NBNA scores were significantly lower and the abnormality rate of NBNA was significantly higher in the HIE group than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). The Asphyxia and the Distress groups had also lower NBNA scores and higher abnormality rate of NBNA than the Control group (P < 0.05). Twenty-two patients were found to have cerebral CT abnormality in the HIE group, but there was only 1 case in the Control group (P < 0.01). The abnormality rate of cerebral CT in the Asphyxia and the Distress groups was not statistically different from that of the Control group. Twenty-five cases of HIE were divided into mild (n=15), medium (n=6) and severe (n=4) by clinical grading but were divided into normal (n=3), mild (n=10), medium (n=7) and severe (n=5) by CT grading. CT and clinical grading on HIE was not consistent. The sensitivity of CT in the diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe HIE was 47%, 33% and 50% respectively, the specificity was 70%, 74% and 86% respectively and the accuracy was 48%, 64% and 80% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSCT evaluation on mild brain injury induced by asphyxia or intrauterine fetal distress is not of any value and the role of CT evaluation on the HIE grade is uncertain and doubtful.

Asphyxia Neonatorum ; diagnostic imaging ; Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Fetal Distress ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; diagnostic imaging ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neurologic Examination ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 dissection on survival for patients with gastric cancer.

METHODSRandomized clinical trials (RCT) that compared adjuvant chemotherapy after D2 dissection with D2 dissection alone for gastric cancer were searched with Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase and CBM databases. Eligible trials published between 1990 and 2012 were included in the study. The quality of RCTs was assessed by the Jadad scale. Data synthesis and statistical analysis were performed by RevMan 5.1 software.

RESULTEight RCTs with 3633 patients were included in this study. Among them, 1824 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and 1809 patients didn't. Adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with a significant benefit in terms of overall survival (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69-0.84), disease free survival (RR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.66-0.80) and recurrence rate (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.62-0.77).

CONCLUSIONAdjuvant chemotherapy was associated with survival benefit for gastric cancer after D2 dissection.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prognosis ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; surgery ; Survival Rate

Objective To explore the effect of hypertension on the life quality in elderly.Methods A cohort of 1847 elderly in community in Beijing was recruited.Blood pressur,body structural and mental heath,cognition, activity and life satisfaction were evaluated by physical examination,CES-D scale,MMSE,and ADL,IADL scale.Results The life quality of the elderly hypertension was worse than those of normotensive;the morbidi- ties of chronic disease related to hypertension were higher and the cognitive ability worse with the duration of hy- pertension.The prevalence of depression was higher and the vitality was decreased as the rising of blood pres- sure.Conclusion Prevention and control hypertension improve life quality in elderly hypertension.

Objective To explore the depression status of hypertension and analyze the associated factors in the elderly population in a community of Beijing.Methods This cohort of 1064 elderly people in the community were screened with Centerfor Epidemiology Scale(CES-D). Results Those who lived in rural(21.6% vs city 7.3%),illiterate(19.9% vs literate 11.2%),mateless(19.7% vs mate 12.4%),lower income(21.9% vs high in- come 9.8%),life accidents(23.2% vs without life accidents 8.6%),sleep disorder(31.0% vs sleep good 8.7%) and lower living abilities(26.7% vs high living ability 9.0%)had higher incidence of depression(all P

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between the interleukin-17 (IL-17) level of peripheral blood and aggression of bipolar mania. METHODS: Thirty-six patients of bipolar mania were selected as experimental group by DSM-IV-TR and received treatment with quetiapine and lithium. Thirty-six healthy volunteers with similar age and gender were selected as control group. The level of IL-17 at baseline in each group and the level of IL-17 in the experimental group after treatment for 2, 4 and 8 weeks were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The level of IL-17 in experimental group at baseline, after treatment for 2 and 4 weeks were all significantly higher than that in control group. After 8 weeks treatment, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). After 2, 4 and 8 weeks treatment, the total score and aggression score of Young Mania Rating Score (YMRS) were significantly lower than the baseline level (P < 0.05). In experimental group, the level of IL-17 was positively correlated with the two scores of YMRS at baseline (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Bipolar mania may be related to the up-regulation of IL-17. The level of IL-17 is related to the severity of manic symptoms at baseline, especially aggression symptom.
Aggression/drug effects* ; Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Bipolar Disorder/drug therapy* ; Case-Control Studies ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Interleukin-17/metabolism* ; Lithium Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Quetiapine Fumarate/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between -1438A/G polymorphism of 5-HT2A receptor gene and schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population. METHODS: A sample of 184 Korean patients with schizophrenia and 96 Korean healthy normal controls and 96 Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia and 96 Han-Chinese healthy normal controls were genotyped for a single nucleotide polymorphism with in 5-HT2A receptor gene (promoter region, A-1438G) by Msp I Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS: There was no difference in allelic frequencies and genotype frequencies of -1438A/G polymorphism between Korean schizophrenics and controls (p=0.13) and Han Chinese schizophrenics and controls (p=0.40). Also, -1438A/G polymorphism did not show ethnical difference between Korean and Han Chinese controls. The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores showed no significant differences between genotypes of -1438A/G polymorphism in both of Korean and Han Chinese schizophrenics. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene is not causally related to the development of schizophrenia in Korean and Han Chinese population, and there no ethnic difference between Korean and Han Chinese population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTIVETo explore the characteristics of lymph node metastasis in thoracic esophageal cancer in order to provide evidence for the extent of lymph node dissection and the operation access.

METHODSA retrospective study was performed on the specimens of 72 patients who underwent radical operation of right transthoracic approach and the features of lymph node metastasis were explored.

RESULTSLymph node metastases were found in 48 of 72 patients (66.7%). In 1495 lymph nodes dissected, metastases was identified in 181 lymph nodes (12.1%). The rate of lymph node metastasis in the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerve was 30.6% and 12.5% respectively. Lymph node metastasis was associated with tumor size and tumor invasion depth (both P<0.05), while tumor location and differentiation of tumor cells were not significant (both P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe lymph node metastasis in thoracic esophageal carcinoma can be easily found in the right recurrent laryngeal nerve. The best surgical approach of thoracic esophageal carcinoma is the right transthoracic approach.

Adult ; Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between self-rated health (SRH) and prevalence of chronic diseases, and all-cause mortality in the elderly population.

METHODSIn 1992, a cohort of 3257 people > or = 55 years old was selected from Beijing, the information of SRH and other related variables were collected from 3 157 subjects at the baseline survey. Three follow-up surveys were conducted in 1994, 1997 and 2000, respectively.

RESULTSThe SRH was influenced by age, gender, marriage status and satisfaction on their own economic condition. Comparing the subjects with excellent SRH, the prevalence rates of chronic diseases, stroke, heart diseases and respiratory system diseases were almost doubled among those with average and poor SRH. By 2000, 993 death occurred. All-cause mortality was negatively associated with SRH, i.e. the risk of death was 12% which was 53% higher for the subjects with average SRH (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.93 - 1.35) and poor SRH (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.25 - 1.88) than those with excellent SRH, respectively. The risks of death from stroke and heart disease were 2.25 (HR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.67 - 3.04) and 2.22 (HR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.61 - 3.07) times higher among the subjects with poor SRH than those with excellent SRH respectively. After adjustment for age, gender, resident place, marriage status, education, satisfaction on their own economic condition, seeing doctors or hospitalized within the last 1 year, history of chronic disease, cognition function, body mass index, activities of daily living and depression, as well as deleted the subjects died within first or third year of the baseline survey respectively, poor SRH remained a significantly independent predictor to all-cause death as well as to the death of stroke and heart diseases.

CONCLUSIONSThe frequency of poor SRH was influenced by age, gender, marriage status and satisfaction on their own economic condition. Poor SRH was associated with the prevalence of chronic conditions and mortality among the elderly. The findings suggested that SRH might have served as an important indicator in the evaluation on health status among the elderly.

Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Status ; Health Status Indicators ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Risk ; Self Concept ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; standards ; Survival Analysis