Astrocytoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Frizzled Receptors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glioblastoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glioma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Paraffin Embedding ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Wnt2 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study mental characteristics of children with light lead poisoning. Methods Eighty - six children with light lead poisioning and 33 control children were evaluated with WISC - R and social adaptive capacity(SAB). Results 1. Intelligence quotient( IQ)and SAB of children with light lead poisoning were lower than normal children. 2. There was also deficiency of perception factor and memory/ concentration factor among children with lead poisioning and the blood lead level had negative association with perception factor. Conclusion Light lead poisioning may affect children's IQ, especially in the perception factor and memory /concentration factor.

objective To investigate the effects of knocking down of miR-19a and miR-19b on the biological characteristics of SNB19 glioblastoma cells. Methods Oligonucleotides inhibitor of miR-19a and miR-19b (miR-19a inhibitor or miR-19b inhibitor) mediated by lipofectamine2000 were transfected to SNB19 cells to knock down miR-19a and miR-19b; control group (without transfection),group D (performing transfection with nonsense sequence) and group E (performing transfection with both miR-19a inhibitor and miR-19b inhibitor) were established. Real time PCR was conducted to detect the expressions ofmiR-19a and miR-19b in these groups after the transfection. The cell proliferation rate and cell cycle kinetics were detected by 3-(4, 5-Dime- -thylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively; the cell invasive ability was evaluated by Transwell assay.Results As compared with those in control group and group D, the expressions of miR-19a and miR-19b, proliferation activity and invasive ability of cells in the miR-19a/19b inhibitor transfected cells (group A/B) were significantly reduced (P＜0.05). The expressions of miR-19a and miR-19b and the proliferation activity and invasive ability of cells 2, 3, 4 and 5 d after the transfection in group E were significantly reduced as compared with those in group A/B (P＜0.05). Delayed cell cycle in group A/B and group E was noted as compared with that in control group and group D; and group E enjoyed more obviously delayed eell cycle than group A/B (P＜0.05). Conclusion MiR-19a and miR-19b might be oncomiRs, and may be candidate target miRNAs for gene therapy of glioma.

Objective To investigate a reasonable and effective internal fixation method for posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau. Methods Specimens of the tibial plateau with posterolateral fracture made from 12 adult male cadavers were randomly and evenly divided into 3 groups, and fixed by anterior 6.5 mm lag screw, lateral 4.5 mm L-shape plate, posterior 3.5 mm T-shape plate, respectively. All the specimens were loaded in turn by stress of 250, 500, 750, 1 000 N, and the corresponding axial displacement and stress were measured. Results Under the same stress, the Y-axial displacement of the anterior lag screw group was the smallest, showing a significant difference with the lateral plate group and the posterior plate group, while there was no significant difference between the lateral plate group and the posterior plate group in the Y-axial displacement. The stresses on marked points in the anterior lag screw group were evenly distributed. Conclusions For fixation of isolated posterolateral fractures of the tibial plateau, the anterior 6.5 mm lag screw can effectively increase the axial stability and balance the stress distribution around the fracture block, indicating it is an effective method for mechanical fixation. The lateral plate has certain advantage in lateral stability control, while the posterior plate has certain value to reduction of the posterior tibia plateau fracture.

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-invasion effect of SEPT7 gene on U251MG glioma cells and its possible molecular mechanism.

METHODSRecombinant adenovirus vector carrying SEPT7 gene (rAd5-SEPT7) was transduced to human glioma cell line U251MG, and empty adenovirus vector was used as control. Tumor invasion was examined by Transwell method and 3 D-Matrigel assay, and tumor cell migration by wound-healing method and 2 D-Matrigel assay. Three major molecular events associated with cell motility and migration, including changes of expression in MMP2, MMP9, MT1-MMP, TIMP1 and TIMP2, the alteration of integrin alpha(v)beta(3) expression, and the structural change of cytoskeleton protein, tubulin-alpha, in U251 cells transduced with rAd5-SEPT7 were studied by Western blotting, immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope, respectively.

RESULTSThe invasive and migratory capabilities of cells transduced with rAd5-SEPT7 were inhibited. The expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP and integrin alpha(v)beta(3) was significantly decreased, while the expression of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1, TIMP2 was upregulated. Intracellular cytoskeleton protein-tubulin-alpha in U251 cells exhibited prominent morphological changes which including the appearance of distortion and aggregation resulting from redistribution of tubulin-alpha, and this feature of alteration was similar to the tubulin-alpha structure in normal non-tumor cells.

CONCLUSIONSEPT7 gene can inhibit the invasion and migration ability of U251 glioma cells. Its molecular mechanism may include that SEPT7 gene reverses the imbalanced state of MMPs/TIMPs, downregulates the expression of integrin alpha(v)beta(3) and alters the structure of tubulin-alpha of U251MG glioma cells. It is suggested that SEPT7 gene could be a good candidate for gene therapy of gliomas.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Glioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Integrin alphaVbeta3 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; genetics ; Septins ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism

Objectives:To describe the early and long-term survival of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB)and to analyze the impact and risk factors of peri-operative events on mortality and long-term survival in OPCAB patients aged over 75 years old. Methods:From January 2001 to December 2012,233 patients aged over 75 underwent OPCAB in our hospital, 173 cases (74.25%) were male,the average age was (77.1±2.3) years.The perioperative data was retrospectively collected.Binary Logistic regression was used to define the risk factors related to the perioperative events and mortality.Follow-up was performed regularly post-surgery. Univariate analysis and Cox regression model were used to find out factors affecting the long-term outcomes. Results:Fifteen out of 233 patients died during the perioperative period. Binary Logistic regression showed that preoperative arrhythmia (OR=6.767, P=0.002),IABP ( intraoperative, post-operative) (OR=4.292, P=0.040;OR=19.455, P＜0.001), ICU stay time (OR=1.500, P=0.001), mechanical ventilation time (OR=1.004, P=0.002), reintubation or tracheotomy (OR=30.000, P＜0.001), re-thoracotomy (OR=26.750, P＜0.001), postoperative cerebral infarction (OR=5.889, P=0.041) were risk factors of perioperative mortality. The remaining 218 patients were followed up for a mean of (92.84±45.52) months, 121 patients died during follow-up. The survival rate at l, 3, 5, 8 and 10 years was 90.99%, 87.55%, 85.31%, 68.93% and 56.70%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that sex(male), hypertension, preoperative arrhythmia, reintubation or tracheotomy were risk factors of the long-term mortality (P＜0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that reintubation or tracheotomy (HR 4.387, 95%CI=1.876-10.259,P＜0.010) was the independent risk factor affecting the long-term survival. Conclusions:Preoperative arrhythmia, IABP (intraoperative, postoperative), ICU stay time, mechanical ventilation time, reintubation and tracheotomy, re-thoracotomy, postoperative cerebral infarction are risk factors of perioperative mortality. Reintubation or tracheotomy is the independent risk factor affecting the long-term survival.Taken together, OPCAB in patients aged over 75 is associated with favorable perioperative and long-term outcome,and it serves a safe and effective operative strategy for coronary artery revascularization in patients aged over 75.

OBJECTIVETo detect the differential expression of Notch1 and Notch2 in human astrocytoma and medulloblastoma; and to study the role of Notch1 and Notch2 in the development of both tumors.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining (SP method) and Western blot analysis were used to detect Notch1 and Notch2 expression in tissue arrays and freshly resected samples of normal brain tissue, astrocytoma and medulloblastoma.

RESULTSNotch1 and Notch2 were negative in normal human brain tissue. Notch1 was highly expressed (total positive rate 80.0%, 48/60) while Notch2 was not detected in grade IV astrocytomas and sporadically observed in lower grade astrocytomas (total positive rate 10.0%, 6/60). The percentage of positive tumor cells and expression level of Notch1 increased with higher histologic grade (r = 0.859, P < 0.05). On the other hand, overexpression of Notch2 was detected in medulloblastoma (9/10) in contrast with lower expression of Notch1 (2/10).

CONCLUSIONSNotch1 and Notch2 show differential expression in astrocytoma and medulloblastoma. This may be related to their different functional activities during the process of brain development.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Astrocytoma ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Medulloblastoma ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Receptor, Notch1 ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptor, Notch2 ; metabolism ; physiology ; Young Adult

Objective] To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus( HBV) genotype and their mutations on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) . [ Methods ] A cohort study on patients with chronic HBV infection was followed up.HBV genotypes were identified by nested multiplex PCR and multiplex PCR.And HBV mutations in the basic core promoter region were sequencing by PCR amplification. [ Results] The patients infected with genotype B were followed up for an average of 8.52 years (IQR:6.67-10.75), of whom the incidence of HCC was 6.55/1 000 person-years.After follow up with an average of 8.87 years (IQR:6.85-11.33), the incidence of HCC was 11.63/1 000 person-years for the patients infected with genotype C, which were significantly higher than those infected with genotype B (P=0.006).In genotype B HBV infected patients, age (≥60 years), cirrhosis can in-crease the risk of HCC, and in genotype C patients, male, age (≥40 years), cirrhosis, C1653T, T1753V, A1762T/G1764A mutation as well.Interferon therapy can reduce the risk of HCC.In genotype C group, interferon treatment reduced HCC risk in patients carrying A1762T/G1764A mutation (HR=0.21, P=0.008) and in those without T1753V ( HR=0.08, P=0.012) and C1653T mutation ( HR=0.17, P=0.013). [Conclusion] HBV genotypes and mutation are closely associated with HCC.Patients infected with genotype C, carrying 1762T/G1764A mutation should be given priority of receiving antiviral treatments in order to prevent HCC;those carrying C1653T or T1753V mutation should be monitored closely to detect early HCC and receive timely surgical resection.

Objective To study the suppressive effect of knockdown of miR-21 on the U87 human giioma xenograft growth and the possible mechanism. Methods Nude mice bearing U87 human glioblastoma subcutaneously were treated with miRNA-21 anfisense oligonucleotides(AS-miR-21)intratumomlly every 3 d until the observation peded ended.The tumor volume of the mice treated withAS-miR-21 was measured regularly as compared with that in the control untreated mice and in the mice treated with scramble oligonucelotides(ODN).Finally,the tumors were removed from nude mice for the examination.In-sire hybridization and real-time PCR were conducted to detect the miRNA expression of miR-21.The biological charaetedsties of the tumors were evaluated by HE and immunohistochemieal staining, and the cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method. Resulls During the observation period,the tumor growth was delayed and the final tumor volume of AS-miR-21 heated group was smaller than that in the control and scramble ODN treatedg roup(F=6-056,P=0.007).The expression of miRNA precursor was knocked down in As-miRNA treated tunlors compared with that in untreated or scramble ODN treated tumors.Histopathological examination exhibited the appearance of degraded malignancy.The expressions of PCNA and MMP-9 were down-regulated while Septin-7 and P21 were up-regulated and apoptotic index was increased significantly (F=141.021,P=000) as well.Conclusion The suppressive effect of anti-miR-21 ODNs on the growth of U87 human glioma xenogratts is significant and miR-21 Call be taken as a candidate for gene therapy ofhuman glioma.

Objective To study the effect of SEPT7 on glioma cell growth, cell cycle progression, invasion and apoptosis in vivo. Methods Nude mice with subcutaneously transplanted human glioma TJ905, in which SEPT7 is absent, were divided into three groups: SEPT7 treatment group, empty vector treatment group, and control group (PBS). The expression of SEPTT, PCNA, GFAP, proteins involved in the regulation of G1/S phase progression (cylcin D1, cylcin E, CDK2, CDK4, p21, p16), as well invasion-related factors (MMP2, MMPg) and apoptosis-related factors ( bcl-2, caspase-3) were determined by immunohistochemistry in the glioma samples taken from the mice in the three groups. TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptotic index of tumors. Results During the 4 weeks-observation period, the growth rate of gliomas in the nude mice in SEPT7 group was significantly slowed down and the tumor volume was much smaller than those in control and empty vector groups. In the glioma treated with SEPTT, the expressions of SEPTT, p21., p16 and caspase-3 were significantly upregulated, the expressions of PCNA, MMP-2, MMP-9, cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK2, CDK4 and bcl-2 were reduced, and GFAP was positive. Increase of apoptotic cells was observed by TUNEL. Conclusion SEPT7 can reverse the malignant phenotype of glioma cells by inhibition of cell growth and invasion, and induction of apoptosis, and SEPT7 is supposed preliminary to be a tumor suppressor gene.