Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Brain ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To explore the role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1) during renal senescence by using human TIMP-1 transgenic mice.Methods Renal histological changes of wild type mice and transgenic mice at the age of 3,12,24 months were observed by periodic acid-schiff(PAS)staining of paraffin sections.The numbers of F4/80 positive cells were detected by immunofluoreseence.The protein expressions of TIMP-1,TIMP-2,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9,MMP-2,intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),transforming growth factor?1(TGF-?1),collagenⅢand collagenⅣwere detected by Western blot.The activities of gelatinases and TIMP-1 were examined by gelatin zymography and reverse zymography respectively.Results Focal renal fibrosis was found in two genotypes with aging.At the age of 24 months,compared with wild type,in kidneys of transgenic type,the expressions and activities of gelatinases were dowregulated (MMP-2:2.08?0.20 vs.3.39?0.43;MMP-9:4.02?0.82 vs.6.72?1.40,all P＜0.05);the expressions of collagenⅢ,collagenⅣ,ICAM-1,and TGF-?1 were upragulated(0.72+0.11 vs.0.57?0.09;0.84?0.13 vs.0.6?0.11,0.72?0.12 vs.0.53?0.07; 0.69?0.12 vs.0.45?0.09,all P＜0.05),and the numbers of F4/80 positive cells were increased (18.8?4.4 vs.12.7?3.6,P＜0.05)with the upregulated expression and activity of TIMP-1(1.10?0.18 vs.0.62?0.09;50.75?7.25 vs.20.64?3.50,P＜0.05).Conclusions TIMP-1 could promote age-related renal fibrosis through enhancing inflammation reaction by ICAM-1 upregulation.

BACKGROUNDTissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is related to the aging of many organs, but few data are available on the change of TIMP-1 in liver aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and role of TIMP-1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in the process of natural aging in the livers of normal and transgenic mice, and to detect the effects of TIMP-1 on oxidative level and anti-oxidative ability of the livers of transgenic young mice.

METHODSNormal and transgenic mice were divided into 3 groups according to their age: 3-month-old group (n = 5), 12-month-old group (n = 5) and 24-month-old group (n = 5). Histopathological changes of the liver were observed after HE and Masson staining. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction; protein expression was measured by Western blot in the livers of normal and transgenic mice of various ages. Changes in levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), monoamine oxidase (MAO), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as oxidative and anti-oxidative ability were measured.

RESULTSHistologically, more fatty degeneration and collagen deposition were found in the aging livers of transgenic mice than in those of the normal mice as their age of months increased. The mRNA and protein expressions of TIMP-1 were significantly high in the oldest animals. The histopathological changes, mRNA and protein expressions of TIMP-1 increased significantly in the liver of transgenic mice as compared with normal mice. The expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 showed a minor change in the process of aging. Liver change and collagen deposition were not observed in young mice, but the activity of SOD decreased (P < 0.05), and the activity of MAO (P < 0.01) and the content of MDA increased in the liver of transgenic mice (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of TIMP-1 is significantly high in the liver of transgenic mouse in the process of aging, indicating that the oxidative level increases and the anti-oxidative ability decreases in the liver of transgenic mouse. TIMP-1 plays an important role in the process of liver aging.

Aging ; metabolism ; Animals ; Female ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; analysis ; genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; analysis ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Monoamine Oxidase ; analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe metabolomic changes in urine of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) patients with Pi-qi deficiency syndrome (PQDS) or Pi-Wei dampness-heat syndrome (PWDHS), thereby providing scientific evidence for syndrome typing of them.

METHODSUrine samples were collected from CSG patients with PQDS/PWDHS and healthy volunteers, 10 in each group. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) based metabonomic analysis was performed on urine samples. Contents of related biomarkers were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and urivariate statistical analysis.

RESULTSPLS-DA analysis showed that metabolites among CSG patients with PQDS/PWDHS and healthy volunteers could be mutually distinguished. Seven differentially identified metabolites were screened from urines of CSG patients with PQDS and healthy volunteers included glutamate, methionine, α-oxoglutarate, dimethylglycine, creatinine, taurine, and glucose. Four differentially identified metabolites were screened from urines of CSG patients with PWDHS and healthy volunteers included 2-hydroxybutyric acid, trimethylamine oxide, taurine, and hippuric acid. Eleven differentially identified metabolites were screened from urines of CSG patients with PQDS and PWDHS included fucose, β-hydroxybutyric acid, alanine, glutamate, methionine, succinic acid, citric acid, creatinine, glucose, hippuric acid, and lactic acid.

CONCLUSIONThe metabolic differences of CSG patients PQDS and PWDHS mainly manifested in glycometabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acids catabolism, and 1H-NMR based metabonomics may be used in classified study of Chinese medical syndrome typing.

Biomarkers ; urine ; Discriminant Analysis ; Gastritis ; urine ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hydroxybutyrates ; Ketoglutaric Acids ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolome ; physiology ; Metabolomics ; Principal Component Analysis ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Qi ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility, advantages and efficacy of implantation of left atrial and ventricular epicardial dual chamber pacemaker to treat pediatric complete atrioventricular block.

METHODEleven children with median age 4.0 years (0.5-7.6 years) diagnosed as complete atrioventricular block resisting to drug therapy received implantations of left atrial and ventricular epicardial dual chamber pacemakers. Six were male and five female. Temporal or permanent right ventricular pacing was used for all of them before implantation of left atrial and ventricular epicardial dual chamber pacemakers. Three cases showed cardiac dysfunction. Left lateral thoracotomy was performed at 4th intercoastal space along anterior axillary line under general anesthesia, the pericardium was incised vertically anterior to the phrenic nerve, two pacing leads were individually located at left atrial appendage and left ventricular lateral wall. After all the parameters were detected to be satisfactory, a pouch was made at left abdomen under coastal margin. Dual chamber pacemaker was connected with pacing leads through subcutaneous tunnels. The sizes of heart chambers, cardiac functions, parameters of pacemaker, sensitivity, pacing status, PR interval and QRS interval were closely followed up post-operatively.

RESULTImplantations of pacemakers were successful for all of the patients with no complications associated with operations. Preoperative electrocardiograms showed QRS interval (180 ± 33)ms under right ventricular pacing, it decreased to (140 ± 24)ms after implantation of left atrial and ventricular epicardial dual chamber pacemaker, significantly lower than right ventricular pacing (t = 8.8, P < 0.05) . Atrioventricular (AV) interval was set at 90 ms, PR interval (124 ± 4)ms. Echocardiograms performed within 2-3 days after implantation of left atrial and ventricular epicardial dual chamber pacemakers showed that for the 3 cases who were previously under right atrial and right ventricular dual chamber pacing presenting cardiac dysfunction, their left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) decreased from (46.3 ± 12.5) (32.0-55.0) ms to (44.7 ± 12.0) (31.0-53.0) mm and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased from 30% ± 15% (18%-47%) to 44% ± 18% (33%-65%). During 2-14 months' follow up, LVEF increased progressively which became significantly higher than before (65% ± 8% vs. 30% ± 15%, t = 5.6, P < 0.05) . Cardiac chamber sizes and left ventricular systolic function for the other 8 patients maintain normal during follow up. Pacing status and sensitivity were satisfactory for all these patients during follow up.

CONCLUSIONImplantation of left atrial and ventricular epicardial pacemaker might be considered for children diagnosed as complete atrioventricular block for whom endocardial pacemaker could not be implanted, due to its utmost protection for cardiac function with minimal injury and its ability to prevent or reverse pacemaker syndrome. Left atrial and left ventricular epicardium should be regarded as the first-choice and routine locations for epicardial pacing.

Atrioventricular Block ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Equipment Design ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Atria ; physiopathology ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; complications ; Heart Ventricles ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Stroke Volume ; Thoracotomy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a new type of diatomite-based machinable ceramic biocompatibility by studying its induced apoptosis on L929 cell in contrasted with other prosthodontics materials.

METHODSCell line was treated with extracting liquid containing different concentrations of diatomite-based machinable ceramic and other materials. Flow cytometry tested cell cycle progression and induced cell apoptosis. Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis staining kit quantitative detected cell death patterns. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSThe experimental groups had no special influence on cell cycle. Apoptosis rates of the new ceramic closed to the negative group (P > 0.05). The apoptosis rate of resin was the highest, and the cell necrosis level of resin was increased, which had significant difference to the new ceramic (P < 0.05). The Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA levels of the new ceramic and the negative group were closed to each other, which had no statistical significance (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe new diatomite-based machinable ceramic has no apparent cytotoxicity, which is consistent with the clinical application of the basic requirements of biocompatibility.

Animals ; Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Dental Materials ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; Mice ; Necrosis

Objective To investigate liver and kidney lesions in HBV-GN patients and relationship between them and provide evidences to make early diagnosis of HBV-GN. Methods Reviewing the clinicopathological and laboratory indexes of 205 patients with HBV-GN diagnosed by renal biopsy in our hospital from Semptember 1995 to November 2008. Results HBV-GN account for 5.6% of all renal biopsies at the same time. Among them, 157 (76. 5% ) patients were male, 123 (60%)was 19-45 years-old.95(46% )patients break out with kidney disease. HBsAg, HBeAg, HBcAg were the most common HBV makers. 102(49.8% ) patients present nephrotic syndrome, 18(8.8% ) suffered kidney dysfunction; 18 patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Patients with or without liver disfunction got no different in clinic manifestation and renal pathology. With the rising of the content of HBV-DNA in surum,the urinary protein increases.Renal data shows that membranous nephropathy(MN) was the most frequent type(60. 5% ). Conclusion males. Nephrotic syndrome was the most common clinic manifestation and membranous nephropathy was the most common pathology. 10% persent patisnts had loss of renal function at the time of renal biopsy. The HBV copies in serum correlated with the albuminuria. HBV-GN patients had desynchroneity lesions in kidney and liver. As the high rate of HBV infection in China, It needs to prevent the kidney damage in HBV infecious people and to elevate early diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To assess the value of real-time intraoperative neuronavigation integrated with ultrasound in the resection of deep-seated brain tumor. Methods Thirty patients with deep-seated brain tumor were treated with microneurosurgery guided with real-time ultrasound integrated with the Brain Lab IGSonic navigation. During the ultrasound based operation, the degree of brain shift and the tumor border was timely observed, and then the tumor was resected totally. Results Guiding with navigation integrated ultrasound, we noticed the brain shift with various degrees happening in 30 patients,and the border of tumor was exposed and the tumor was resected totally without serious complications.Conclusions Intraoperative ultrasound integrated with navigation is a reliable guidance which can accurately re-localize the border of deep-seated brain tumor even when the tumor is shifting, timely delineate the reformatted images from ultrasound and totally resectcd the tumor, thus decrease the surgical time and increase the safety of surgical procedure.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) and its differential diagnosis.

METHODSTen cases of FDCS were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. The clinical features and follow-up information were analyzed.

RESULTSAmongst the 10 cases of FDCS studied, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The mean age of the patients was 42 years. Six of them were located in cervical and peritoneal lymph nodes and four in extranodal sites (including tonsil, pelvic cavity, tail of pancreas and spleen). Histologically, the tumor cells had whorled, storiform or diffuse growth patterns. They were spindle in shape and contained syncytial eosinophilic cytoplasm, with round or oval nuclei, vesicular chromatin, distinct nucleoli and a variable number of mitotic figures. Multinucleated tumor giant cells and intranuclear pseudoinclusions were occasionally seen. There was a sprinkling of small lymphocytes and neutrophils within the tumor as well as in the perivascular region. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were diffusely or focally positive for CD21, CD23, CD35 and D2-40, but negative for LCA, CD20, CD3, CD1a, HMB45 and CK. Some of them showed EMA, CD68 and S-100 reactivity. In-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) showed positive signals in only one case (which was diagnosed as inflammatory pseudotumor-like FDCS). Of the 7 patients with follow-up information available (duration: 2 months to 39 months; mean: 14 months), 2 cases with paraneoplastic pemphigus died of pulmonary infection at 5 and 7 months respectively. The remaining 5 patients were alive and disease-free after surgical excision (+/- chemotherapy and radiotherapy).

CONCLUSIONSFDCS is a rare low to intermediate-grade malignant tumor. Appropriate application of FDC markers, such as CD21, CD35 and D2-40, would be helpful for arriving at a correct diagnosis. Most cases are associated with good prognosis after surgical treatment, with or without chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus carry a less favorable prognosis.

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Interdigitating ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Meningioma ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probueol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI). Methods We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n= 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b. i. d for 3 days before and after intervcntion. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours. Results Patients were well-matched with no significant differenced at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr≥132.6 μmol/L (OR =21.11,95% CI 1.95-56. 06, P＜0.001), Ccr ＜60 ml/min (OR =4.19, 95%(2/1.94-9.05, P ＜0.001), heart function ＞ class Ⅱ (OR = 6.23, 95% CI 2.73-14.21, P ＜ 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95% CI1.19-5.25, P ＜ 0.001), age ≥ 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.66-7.43, P ＜ 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR =4.29, 95% CI 1.99-9.24, P ＜ 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probueol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62±42. 98) μmol/L vs. (117.67 ～68.77) μmol/L, P =0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Ser from baseline (ASer) [(13.49 ± 19. 61) μmoL/L vs.(22.50 ± 18.31) μmol/L, P =0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group. Conclusion Prophylactic treatment with probueol 500 mg b. i. d during periproeedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAK1 after cardiac catheterization.