Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Vessels ; injuries ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Free Tissue Flaps ; blood supply ; Head ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; surgery ; Tissue Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Young Adult

Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Neck Dissection ; methods ; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

AIM: To observe acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and plasma monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in patients with restenosis after angioplasty, and compared with normal controls. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients were selected from the Department of Cardiology, Third Hospital Affiliated to Peking University between December 2005 and April 2006, including 30 patients with AMI, 20 patients with UAP and 16 patients with restenosis after angioplasty. Thirty healthy people were selected simultaneously to be the controls. All subjects knew and agreed with the items. The level of blood lipid was determined in all enrolled subjects: ① Blood sample was obtained from the elbow of patients with AMI immediately at hospitalization (2-12 hours from onset). ② Blood sample was obtained from patients of UAP group and patients of restenosis after angioplasty group immediately after the hospitalization (within 24 hours of onset). ③ Blood sample was obtained from fasting subjects of the normal control group in the morning. Blood sample was centrifuged, separated of the plasma and then frozen at -70 ℃. The level of plasma MCP-1 was determined with ELISA for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 98 enrolled subjects were involved in the analysis of results, and no one withdrew from the study. Comparison in plasma MCP-1 among all groups: The plasma MCP-1 in ACS group, UAP group and restenosis after angioplasty group were (166.7?46.5,149.4?54.9,119.7?25.0,89.2?26.4) ng/L respectively, and it was significantly higher in ACS group, UAP group and restenosis after angioplasty group than that in the normal control group (F =21.27,P

Ear ; surgery ; Humans ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; methods

Objective To localize the sinoatrial node (SAN) of the newborn rabbits in vivo and cut it for purifying cultivation and study the morophologic characters of primary cultured pacemaker cells of SAN under light microscope and transmissional electron microscope. Methods Hearts of the newborn rabbits were embedded in paraffin for HE-staining and observed the location, form of SAN under optical microscope; SAN cells isolated from neonatal rabbits cultured and purified with the method of differential attachment and BrdU-treatment.Results SAN localized in the anterior wall of the superior vena cava and the posterior-lateral atrial wall.There was about 0.32 mm between its lowest point and sulcus terminalis. Three distinctly different types of cells were observed among the cultured cells of SAN: spindle, araneiform and polygon. The spindle cells covered the greatest proportion of the cultured cells of SAN (59.6%?7.3%). The frequency of spontaneous contraction of spindle cells was the highest among the constrcting cells (145 ?9)time/min. The results of ultrastructure observation showed that myofibrils and other organelles in spindle cells were poorly organized and significantly decreased in number compared with araneiform cells. There was no significant difference between araneiform cells isolated from SAN and from atrial muscle.Conclusion Among the cultured cells from neonatal rabbits SAN, the spindle cells are the pacemaker cells of SAN.

Objective To analyze our clinical results of head and neck reconstruction using microsur- gical free flap transfer techniques.Methods The free flap donor sites with long vascular pedicle and large diameter of vessel were routinely chosed,and chose receipt vessels with large diameter and proper position, and perform vessel ananstomosis under surgical loups instead of microscope.The un-buried free flap with a mo- nitoring window were harvest,and do double venous anastomoses in some flaps to ensure adequate venous out- flow.Results From May 1999 to March 2005,1066 consecutive free flap transfers were used to reconstruct head and neck defects.The overall success rate of free flap was 98.3%.The vessel thrombosis rate was 3.1%,and the flap salvage rate was 45.5%.Conclusion Head and neck reconstruetion using microsurgi- cal free flap transfer technique is safe and reliable,and good clinical results can be obtained.

Objective To determine the impact of fluorine and aluminum,and both action combined on the number of rat osteoclasts and bone resorption cultured in vitro and to explore its mechanisms.Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured,respectively,in TC199 medium (containing 10％ fetal bovine serum) with fluoride,aluminum and fluoride combined with aluminum.The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice,BMSCs in 6-well culture plate,and culture medium was changed after 2 hours incubation.The cells were divided into control group,fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group; the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,1.0 × 10-4,0,1.0 × 10-4 mol/L and the doses of aluminum chloride were 0,0,1.0 × 10-5,1.0 × 10-5 mol/L,respectively.Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue.The expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in BMSCs after 8 h treatment.Results ① Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the numbers of osteoclasts (F =7.15,6.56 and 7.98,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The numbers of osteoclasts in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(136.9 ± 22.99),(135.4 ± 23.5),(163.0 ± 24.4) per well] were higher than that in the control group[(92.5 ± 22.1) per well,all P ＜ 0.05].② Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the resorption pit area on ivory slices(F =10.47,12.64,14.29,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The resorption pit area on ivory slices in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group[(0.242 ± 0.031),(0.293 ± 0.026),(0.333 ± 0.016)mm2 per slice] was higher than that in the control group [(0.088 ± 0.030)mm2 per slice,all P ＜ 0.05].③Fluoride,aluminum and the interactive effects of fluoride and aluminum all had impact on the expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs (F =8.15,15.38,23.59,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).The expression ratios of RANKL/OPG in BMSCs in fluoride group,aluminum group and fluoride combined with aluminum group [(193.98 ± 137.93)％,(326.11 ± 176.78)％,(599.84 ± 275.82)％] were higher than that in the control group[(100.00 ± 56.02)％,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Both fluoride and aluminum can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote cell differentiation and bone resorption activity,which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.The stimulating effects of fluoride on osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption is enhanced by aluminum.

Objective To determine the effects of fluoride on osteoclasts's quantity and bone resorption function in vitro and its mechanisms. Methods The osteoclasts and bone marrow stromal cells(BMSCs) isolated from long bone of new born rats were cultured respectively in TC199 medium (containing 10% fetal bovine serum) with fluoride. The osteoclasts were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and ivory slice, BMSCs were inoculated in 6- well culture plate, respectively, medium were changed after 2 hours incubation. They were divided into control group, low-dose fluoride, medium-dose fluoride and high-dose fluoride groups, the doses of sodium fluoride were 0,2.5 × 10-5,5.0 × 10-5,10.0 × 10-5 mol/L, respectively. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP) staining positive cells were counted under light microscope after TRAP staining on the 2nd and the 5th day and the pit formed in ivory slices were measured by histomorphometry after staining with toludine blue. The expression of receptor activator of NK-κβ ligand(RANKL) and osteoprotegerin(OPC) was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative (337.5 ± 70.5), (447.5 ± 43.4), (472.9 ± 34.8), (475.3 ± 24.3)/well in the control group, the low-dose, mediumdose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the control group (all P < 0.05). After in vitro culture for 5 days, the numbers of osteoclasts were (92.5 ± 22.1), (123.0 ± 26.4), (135.5 ± 22.2), (136.9 ± 23.0) per well in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant between these groups and the (0.088 ± 0.030), (0.100 ± 0.018), (0.152 ± 0.015), (0.242 ± 0.031 )mm2 per piece in the control group, the lowdose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride BMSCs in the control group, the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were 100.00 ± 56.02, 144.95 ± 97.21,223.25 ± 184.48,193.98 ± 137.93, respectively. The values of medium-dose and high-dose fluoride groups were significantly higher than that of control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride can cause increase in the number of osteoclasts in vitro and promote their cell differentiation and bone resorption activity, which may be related to increased expression ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA in BMSCs.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of vascularized fibular bone height after transplantation for mandibular reconstruction.

METHODSThirty-two patients with mandibular defects were reconstructed with vascularized fibular bone. Postoperative follow-up pantomography was used to evaluate the changes of bone height.

RESULTSAt different distance from the vessel pedicles, the changes of bone height showed no significant difference. The height of fibular bone decreased gradually with time and reduced by 6.64% at 1 year postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONSMultiple segmental osteotomies had no effect on blood flow and the different pieces of graft after modeling by osteotomy experienced the similar reconstruction. The volume of grafted fibular bone almost remained stable.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone Transplantation ; Child ; Female ; Fibula ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the prevalence satate of children in burning coal endemic fluorosis in Zhijin county of Guizhou province, provide the scientific basis for the prevention of skeletal fluorosis.Methods One thousand six hundred and sixteen children in school under 16 years old that were sampled in cluster sampling were examined with dental fluorosis,X-ray in the type of burning coal pollution fluorosis areas of Zhijin county Guizhou province.Results Total prevalence rate of dental fluorosis was 96.42%,prevalence rate of skeletal fluorosis was 7.49%, constrictive skeletal fluorosis was main type in Zhijin county Guizhou province.Conclusion Prevalence states of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis are still serious, more effectual preventive and control measure shall be used.