ObjectiveTo study the relevant effect of proinflammatory cytokines interelenkin-17(IL-17), -6 and endothelin-1 (ET-1) on statins attenuating no-reflow phenomenon after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rats.MethodsEighteen healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to body weight: sham operation, injury, preconditioning groups. The preconditioning group was given atorvastatin 2 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 and the other two groups were given the same volume of saline once. After 7 days, the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate, and then the thoracic cavity was opened. The coronary artery of injury group and preconditioning group were ligated for 60 minutes, and then opened for 15 minutes, to establish the rat acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model. The sham operation group was was treated with a seam through the coronary artery without ligation. Eleetrocardiogram was checked before ligation, and ligation was carried out for 15, 30, 45 minutes and then reperfusion for 15 minutes. After reperfusion for 15 minutes, the thioflavine S and Even's were injected from femoral venous, then the heart and blood were obtained(keeping left ventricular only). Hearts were flushed with saline and sliced transversely into five to seven sections. Finally, observed at 365 nm wave length the existence of non-fluorescent areas, which was no-reflow zone. The level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 was detected by ELISA. Results The electrocardiogram confirmed that the sham operation group had no ischemic damage and the model of myocardial ischemia- reperfusion was established in preconditioning group and injury group. The noreflow phenomenon could be observed under 365 nm wave length in preconditioning group and injury group. The ligated area[LA％, (57.34 ± 11.49)％, (53.08 ± 8.66)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05); the area of no-reflow[ANF％, (48.96 ± 6.94)％, (21.37 ±3.35)％] of injury group and preconditioning group was higher than that of sham operation group(0, all P ＜ 0.05),and the ANF％ of preconditioning group was lower than that of injury group(P ＜ 0.05) ; the level of serum IL-17,IL-6 and ET-1[(151.67 ± 11.19) × 10-9, (167.89 ± 5.13) × 10-9, (322.37 ± 19.08) × 10-9 g/L] of injury group was higher than those of sham group and preconditioning operation group[(49.75 ± 14.06) × 10-9, (59.32 ± 5.26) ×10-9, (109.9 ± 12.12) × 10-9, (90.45 ± 11.63) × 10-9, (112.47 ± 10.40) × 10-9 and(198.91 ± 27.88) × 10-9 g/L,P ＜ 0.05], the level of serum IL-17, IL-6 and ET-1 of preconditioning group was higher than those of sham operation group(P＜ 0.05). Conclusionsno-reflow phenomenon is related with IL-17 and ET-1 which can promote the expression of IL-6, statins decreases the expression of IL-17 and ET-1, and then decreases the on-reflow phenomenon.

The study was aimed to investigate the expression of COX-2 in bone marrow cells of chronic leukemia patients and its potential pathogenetic implications. Western blot was applied for detecting COX-2 expression levels in bone marrow cells of 67 chronic leukemia patients and beta-actin expression levels. Bone marrow aspirations from 14 healthy donors were used as negative controls. The results showed that the positive rates of COX-2 in chronic-phase group of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) and in group of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were 76.32% (29/38) and 75.86% (22/29) respectively. Both CML-CP and CLL group showed a higher expression than control group (p = 0.0000, p = 0.0000 respectively). The expression of LDH in Cox-2 positive group was higher than that in Cox-2 negative group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). It is concluded that the expression of COX-2 protein can be detected in bone marrow cells of CML-CP and CLL and the expression level of LDH were higher in cells of CML-CP and CLL. The expression of COX-2 may be correlated with prognosis of CML-CP and CLL.
Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow Cells ; enzymology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; enzymology ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; enzymology ; Middle Aged

The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). 40 newly diagnosed MM patients were enrolled, including 9 in stage I, 18 in stage II, 13 in stage III. 25 patients were treated with VAD regimen, and 15 patients with the bortezomib and dexamethasone (BD) regimen. 20 healthy individuals as controls were enrolled in this study. The serum VEGF and IL-17 levels were determined by ELISA. The results indicated that the serum VEGF and IL-17 levels in the patients with MM were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P < 0.01). VEGF and IL-17 levels in stage III was significantly higher than that in stage I and II (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between IL-17 and serum calcium β2-microglobulin or C-reactive protein (P < 0.01), and there was also a positive correlation between VEGF and serum creatinine serum Bene-Jones protein λ or urinary Bene-Jones protein λ (P < 0.01). Serum VEGF and IL-17 levels significantly decreased in MM patients after treatment, and the serum levels of VEGF and IL-17 was much lower in MM patients treated with VAD regimen than those in patients treated with BD regimen. It is concluded that the detection of serum VEGF and IL-17 levels is helpful to evaluation of the clinical stages and the severity of MM.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-17 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

The purpose of this study was to explore the expressions of midkine (MK) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in multiple myeloma (MM), and to evaluate their relation with angiogenesis and prognosis. The expression levels of MK and VEGF in bone marrow mononuclear cells of 31 MM patients in different stages and 20 controls were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that the MM patients had significantly higher MK and VEGF expression level than control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), and there was a linear relationship between MK and VEGF (r = 0.692, p < 0.01); The expression levels of MK and VEGF in stage III was significantly higher than those in stage I and stage II (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), but there was no difference between stage I and stage II (p > 0.05); MK and VEGF levels were significantly decreased in MM patients after treatment than those before treatment (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). It is concluded that the high expression of MK and VEGF is correlated with angiogenesis and prognosis of MM, and there is synergistic effect between MK and VEGF. It is supposed that the monitoring MK and VEGF expression levels may contribute to guide the treatment and estimate prognosis for MM.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Nerve Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

To explore the relationship between the expression of CD133 and pathogenesis of leukemia and MDS, immunocytochemistry method was used to examine the expression of CD133 in bone marrow cells of patients with leukemia and MDS. The results showed that the positive rate of CD133 in 41 acute leukemia patients was 51.2%. The expression of CD133 in AML patients (16/29, 55.2%) was significantly higher than that in control group (2/15, 13.3%). There was no significant difference in CD133 expression between CML and control group. The positive rate of CD133 in 9 patients with MDS was 55.56% (5/9). There was no significant difference between MDS and normal control. The expression of CD133 in all leukemia cells with CD34(+) was higher than that in leukemia cells with CD34(-), and there was significant difference in expression of CD133 between them (P < 0.05). The expression of CD133 had no relationship with the clinical prognostic factors such as sex, age, the percentage of leukemic cells in peripheral blood and in bone marrow, WBC counts, hemoglobin concentration, platelet counts and LDH level. It is concluded that the expression of CD133 in bone marrow cells of patients with AML is higher than that in control group. The expression of CD133 is significantly correlated with the expression of CD34. The high expression of CD133 may be an adverse prognostic factor in acute leukemia.
AC133 Antigen ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; Child ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; immunology ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a monogenic inheritance and blinding disease of fundus oculi.There is not an effective therapeutic method now.Objective This work was to identify the mutations of RP1 gene in Chinese RP patients in Ningxia area and to explore the potential interactions in the pathogenesis of RP.Methods The periphery blood of 3-5 ml was collected from 110 individuals with RP(35 ADRP and 75SRP)and 100 normal controls in Ningxia area.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing were used to screening the sequence alterations in the entire coding region and splice sites of RP1 gene.Multivariate analysis and two web-based programs( PolyPhen and SIFT) were used to analyze the results.Results Eleven mutation locus were detected in the exon 4 of RP1 gene including two novel sequence variants:p.Lys1152Lys without a higher mutation rate in comparison with normal control group(x2 =9.12 P＜0.01 ),but c.* 247A＞C with a higher mutation rate in comparison with normal control group(x2 =12.77,P＜0.01 ) and c.* 247A＞C mutation was thought to be correlated with RP( r=1.11,P＜0.05 ).The other ten mutation locus were reported as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP).The mutation rate of p.Gln1725Gln was found to be higher in the RP patients than the normal controls (x2 =42.09,P＜0.01 ),but no the significant correlation was seen between the pathogenesis of RP and mutation of p.Gln1725Gln(r=1.74,P＞0.05).p.Lys1152Lys mutation was found in only 1 patient.Three SNPs( p.Arg872His,Ala1670Thr,Ser1691Pro) were always occurred in the same 83 RP patient and the relevance ratio was higher than controls ( P＜0.01 ).The age of night blindness on patients with concurrent three mutations was (30.54± 13.68 ) years,and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.50 ± 0.38.The age of night blindness on patients without concurrent three mutations was(21.06± 16.24) years,and the BCVA was 0.40 ±0.33 and were higher than controls ( t =2.11,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions In this study,the prevalence of RP1 mutations among the RP patients in Ningxia population was lower than other populations (＜ 1％ ).The alliance of SNPs (p.Arg872His、p.Ala1670Thr、p.Ser1691Pro) may play a protective role on RP patients and reduce the frequency of mutatiaon in RP1 gene.

BACKGROUNDThe high incidence of neuropsychologic deficits after cardiac surgery, including cognitive dysfunction and mood status, has significantly influenced the prognosis, outcome of treatment and long-term quality of life of patients. With a circadian secretion pattern, melatonin and cortisol are capable of modulating the human physiological processes and neuropsychological status, whereas disorder of their secretion pattern may lead to many diseases. However, it is unclear whether neuroendocrine variations are related to the neuropsychologic status in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

METHODSForty male patients scheduled for CABG with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (n = 20) or off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) (n = 20) were studied. Blood samples were taken intraoperatively at specific time-points and every 3 hours within the first postoperative 24 hours to determine plasma concentrations of melatonin and cortisol. A neuropsychologic test battery including depression and anxiety was administered preoperatively and 7 to 10 days postoperatively. Statistical methods included the nonparametric analysis, multiple linear regression and cosinor analysis.

RESULTSThe patients in the CPB group exhibited more severe neuropsychologic deficits and more anxious than those in the OPCAB group after surgery. In both groups, patients were more depressed postoperatively than preoperatively and recovered 3 months after surgery. Depression and anxiety were correlated with some factors of cognitive dysfunctions. In the postoperative 24 hours, 2 patients in the CPB group, and 6 patients in the OPCAB group showed a circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion. As for cortisol secretion, there were 3 patients in the CPB group and 7 in the OPCAB group respectively. Parameters of circadian rhythm of melatonin in the CPB group and those of secretion rhythm of cortisol in both groups were correlated with depression and some neuropsychologic tests.

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of neuropsychological deficits was higher in patients receiving CABG with CPB than in those without CPB. The status of mood may contribute to the perioperative cognitive dysfunctions. The disordered circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion in patients undergoing CABG with CPB and the disordered cortisol secretion may correlate directly or indirectly through mood with neuropsychological deficits.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Circadian Rhythm ; physiology ; Cognition Disorders ; etiology ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; secretion ; Male ; Melatonin ; blood ; secretion ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology

0.05.Conclusions The UF effectively removed BUN in sheep with low flow VV-ECMO.The application of UF didn't cause blood shunt in ECMO.The low flow VV-ECMO effectively eliminated carbon dioxide and rerformed oxygenation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms of CYP3A5 and the clinical effectiveness of Bicyclol on patients with chronic hepatitis B to make individual medication possible.

METHODS34 cases of chronic hepatitis B were treated by bicyclol tablets for 24 weeks. Liver function indexes (ALT and AST) were determined before and after treatment. Blood CYP3A5 genotyping of each patient was determined by the PCR-RFLP analysis.

RESULTSAll subjects were genotyped for the CYP3A5*3 gene and divided into different group. The groups comprised subjects with CYP3A5*3 carriers (n=18) and CYP3A5*1 carriers (n=16) which include CYP3A5*1/*1 (n=2) and CYP3A5*1/*3 (n=14). Compared with pre-treatment, the serum ALT and AST levels were decreased obviously in all patients. The mean percentage reduction of serum ALT and AST levels were significantly greater in subjects with CYP3A5*3 carriers (79.73% and 74.76%) than in those with CYP3A5*1 carriers (65.90% and 49.63%; P < 0.05) The recovery rates of ALT and AST were significantly highter in CYP3A5*3 carriers than those in CYP3A5*1 carriers (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCYP3A5 genotype has an impact on the therapeutic effects of Bicyclol. The subjects with CYP3A5*3 carriers is more effective than the subjects with CYP3A5*1 carriers. CYP3A5 genotyping may be helpful in predicting therapeutic effects of Bicyclol especially in the terms of decreasing ALT and AST.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Biphenyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic