Acute Disease ; Humans ; Paraquat ; poisoning

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)on p38 MAPK signal pathway in neuropathic pain,and explore its mechanism. Methods The experiment was divided into two parts with thirty SD rats in each part. Each part was then randomly divided into 3 groups:sham operation group(S group),chronic constriction group(CCI group)and hyperbaric oxygen group(HBO group),with 10 rats in each group. Part one:Pain?related behavior were detected on 3 day,7 day,14 day,28 day after operation. Phosphorylative p38 was detected by Western blot method and the P2X4 receptor was detected by immunohistochemistry method on the 28th day. Part two:All the rats were treated with SB203580. Pain?related behavior were detected on 3 day,7 day,14 day,28 day after operation. P2X4 receptor was detected by immunohistochem?istry method on the 28th day. Results CCI and HBO groups were significantly lower than S group in pain?related behaviors(P<0.05). CCI group was significantly lower than that in HBO group(P<0.05). The content of phosphorylative p38 and P2X4 receptor in CCI and HBO group were increased(P<0.05),and the expression of phosphorylative p38 and P2X4 in CCI group was significantly increased than that in HBO group (P<0.05). When p38 MAPK was inhibited,pain?related behavior in HBO and CCI group increased significantly than the pain?related behavior of HBO and CCI group in Part 1(P<0.05). But the difference between group CCI and HBO was not significant(P>0.05). Though the expression of P2X4 receptor in CCI group and HBO group was significantly higher than that in S group(P<0.05),the difference between group CCI and HBO was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can affect the expression of p38 MAPK through P2X4 receptor in rats of neuropathic pain.

Objective To investigate whether hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)affected neuropathic pain through autophagy and verify the HBO effect. Methods A total of 60 male SD rats were selected for the study and randomly divided into 4 groups:control group(C group),sham operation group (S group),chronic constriction group(CCI group)and hyperbaric oxygen group(HBO group). LC3Ⅱand P62 were determined by Western blot method and the autophagy was detected by electron microscopy on the 7th day. Results CCI and HBO groups were significantly higher than C and S group in Western blot(P<0.05). There was no difference between group C and group S(P>0.05). The expression of LC3Ⅱin HBO group was significantly higher than that in CCI group(P<0.05). And the expression of P62 in CCI group was significantly higher than that in HBO group(P<0.05). The autophagy in CCI and HBO group were significantly increased comparing to the C and S groups(P<0.05). However,the difference be?tween group C and S was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can induce autophagy for anti?neuropathic pain.

Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Chitosan ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Phospholipids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Antigens, CD ; genetics ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; genetics ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Child ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; genetics ; pathology ; Polymorphism, Genetic

BACKGROUND:Chitin has been found to be a good biomaterial, but research on chitin carrying corneal epithelial cel s for rabbit corneal epithelial injury is little reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the repair outcomes of chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s in the rabbit corneal epithelial injury.METHODS:Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were enrol ed and made into left corneal epithelial injury models, and then randomized into two groups and treated with chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s (experimental group) and chitin hybrid membrane (control group), respectively. The damage area, histological changes and ultrastructure of the cornea were observed at 1, 3, and 7 days after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Damage area of the cornea in the experimental group was significantly less than that in the control group at 1 and 3 days after implantation (P<0.05), and the cornea in both two groups healed wel at 7 days after implantation. At 7 days after implantation, in both two groups, the corneal epithelium with six layers adhered to the corneal stroma closely, which was repaired completely and regularly. Comparatively speaking, the cornea in the experimental group possessed smooth outer layer. Besides, in the experimental group, the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s arranged closely with flat surface;while the hexagonal corneal epithelial cel s in the control group showed no smooth surface and gaps between cel s. These results indicate that chitin hybrid membrane carrying corneal epithelial cel s promotes the repair of rabbit corneal epithelial injury.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan nanoparticles-encapsuled sodium hyaluronate is an effective drug for the burned cornea. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticles on the neovascularization in burned cornea. METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, and the model of burned cornea caused by base was established in the rats of model and experimental groups, fol owed by respectively treated with 10μL sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticle suspension and normal saline, once daily, for consecutive 4 weeks. Rats only given normal saline were used as controls. Four weeks later, the dynamic growth of newly formed blood vessels in the cornea was observed using silt lamp. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6 were detected by ELISA, histological changes of the cornea were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the mRNA expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase 2 were detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the area of the newly formed blood vessel and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase 2 were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). In the experimental group, al above indicators were significantly lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). There were a large number of inflammatory cel s and neovascularization in the model group, but only few inflammatory cel s in the experimental group. These results show that sodium hyaluronate/chitosan nanoparticles can inhibit the neovascularization in the burned cornea.

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the in vitro percutaneous penetration and provide the experimental basis of in vitro kinetics for new drug development of Jinhuang Gel. Methods: The skin penetration of Jinhuang Gel was investigated through in vitro excised rat skin using the improved Franz diffusion cell. HPLC fingerprint of receptive solution and skin retention was established and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The common peaks of HPLC fingerprint between Jinhuang Gel and Jinhuang Ointment were selected and each area was calculated to obtain the PCA biplot. Paeoniflorin as a representative of common peaks was used to investigate the in vitro permeation kinetics. Results: The results showed that the PCA biplot based on common peaks areas displayed that the global in vitro transdermal absorption effects of Jinhuang Gel were significantly better than those of Jinhuang Ointment. The in vitro transdermal absorption of paeoniflorin followed zero kinetics, and the cumulative permeation amount, permeation rate, and skin retention of paeoniflorin from Jinhuang Gel were superior to those from Jinhuang Ointment. Conclusion: Jinhuang Gel could improve the overall effects of in vitro percutaneous absorption. PCA is an effective means for investigating in vitro percutaneous absorption experiments of Chinese materia medica for transdermal administration.

Objective To investigate the effect of the side of cerebral lesion on the outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 407 consecutive anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients within 14 days after symptom onset were recruited prospectively.The basic data ofthe e,~ISes were collected,such as the National Institutes ofHealth Stroke Scale (NU-ISS)and the side ofcerebral lesion.The modified Rankin Scale(mRS)was used to evaluate the prognosis of the patients at 6 raomhs.Results Of the 407 patients recruited,230 patients (56.5%)Were left hemisphere stroke,177(43.5%)were fight hemisphere stroke.After multivariable logistic recession analysis,the age(odds ratio[OR]1.022,95% confidence interval[CI]1.001-1.043,P=0.040),the side of lesion(OR 1.999.95%CI1.179.3.389.P=0.010),the time from onset to admission(OR1.006,95%(7/1.002-1.010,P=0.007),the outcome of the anterior circulation ischcmic stroke at 6 months aftel"onset.The outcome of the right hemisphere stroke Was significantly worse than that of the left hemisphere stroke.The onset-admission time in patients with right hemisphere stroke(median 12 h,median 39.61 h)was significantly delayed compared to the patients with left hemisphere stroke(median 12 h,median 22.72 h;Z=-2.962,P=0.003).Condusions The outcome of the left hemisphere stroke at 6 months after onset is superior to the right hemisphere stroke,and it mau be associated with the delayed admission.

Objective To study a possible correlation between the duration of reproductive period ( from puberty to menopause) and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. Methods Female in-patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed by CT/MRI in the Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 09/03/2006 to 08/30/2008 were enrolled in this study. The probable risk factors of prognosis were analyzed and recovery was assessed by modified Rankin score (MRS) at 6 months followup. Multivariate Logistic regression was used for statistic analysis. Results 371 female patients were enrolled. The average age was (66. 2 ± 10. 0) years; average menopause age was (48. 5 ± 3.9 ) years and average duration of reproductive period was (33.3 ± 4. 3) years. There is a negative correlation between the duration and MRS (OR =0. 285, 95% CI: 0. 095-0. 850, P =0.024). There is no correlation between menopause age and prognosis of stroke. Conclusions Duration of reproductive period is a predictor for prognosis of ischemic stroke. Patients with longer reproductive period have better prognosis.