Objective:To improve the teaching quality of in-service clinical pharmacist training. Methods:According to the traits of in-service pharmacists and teaching methods, combined with problem-based learning ( PBL), peer-led team learning(PLTL) and lecture-based learning ( LBL) , a standard teaching mode for in-service clinical pharmacists was explored and established. Results:The teaching mode could not only improve the study enthusiasm of students, but also let them master the study methods, and team co-operation consciousness was strengthened. Conclusion:An integrated teaching mode of LBL, PBL and PLTL has a good teaching effect on clinical pharmacist training.

The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the antitumor effects of a novel poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1/2 inhibitor, YHP-836, in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). The cytotoxicity of YHP-836 was tested alone or in combination with TMZ using MTT assay. Immunoblotting and flow cytometry were also employed to assess the combination activity of YHP-836 and TMZ in multiply GBM cell lines. Further, the antitumor activity of YHP-836 and TMZ was evaluated using subcutaneous and orthotopic mice xenograft tumor models. All procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Experiments of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and conducted under the Guidelines for Animal Experiments of Peking Union Medical College. The approval number is 00009138. It was demonstrated that the combination of YHP-836 and TMZ increased the cytotoxicity against GBM cells and upregulated histone H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) expression levels compared to TMZ treatment alone. The combination also led to the S-phase cell cycle arrest. Moreover, YHP-836 significantly enhanced TMZ antitumor effects without significantly increasing chemotherapy drug toxicity in vivo, whereas YHP-836 alone showed limited therapeutic efficacy against GBM. In conclusion, the novel PARP1/2 inhibitor, YHP-836, sensitizes TMZ and provides a basis for further investigation into its mechanism of action. These findings suggest that YHP-836 may be a potential candidate for combination therapy with TMZ in patients with TMZ resistance.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of cardiac involvement in children with mitochondriopathies.Methods The clinical data of 23 children with mitochondriopathies were reviewed.The changes of electrocardiography,echocardiography and heart enzymes were analyzed.Results In 15 cases of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy,lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episode(MELAS syndrome),electrocardiography was performed on 9 cases,6 of them showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings,including right bundle branch block,ST-T change,Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome,et al.On echocardiographic examination in 9 MELAS syndrome ca-ses,only 1 case showed hypertrophy cardiomyopathy.Six cases had increased plasma creatine kinaseMB(CK-MB) mass and only one of 12 MELAS syndrome cases had increased cardiac troponin I(cTnI) level.In 8 cases of subacute necrotizing encephalomyopathy(Leigh syndrome),electrocardiography was performed on 5 cases,4 of them showed abnormal electrocardiographic findings,including sinus tachycardia,ST-T change and low voltage.Two cases showed normal electrocardiography.Three out of 6 cases with Leigh syndrome showed increased plasma CK-MB mass.The molecular genetic examinations were performed in 13 cases of MELAS syndrome and 6 cases of Leigh syndrome.The mitochondrial DNA nt 3243 A→G mutation was found in white blood cells of 9 MELAS syndrome cases,the mutation rate being 37%-60%.The mitochondrial DNA nt 8993 T→C mutation was found in white blood cells of 2 Leigh syndrome cases.Conclusion In children with mitochondriopathies,myocardiac involvement is comparatively common,and even cardiomyopathy can occur.

Aged ; Cell Dedifferentiation ; Chondrosarcoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Ribs ; pathology

Child ; Epilepsy ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVESTo explore the clinical characteristics of cardiac syncope (CS) in children, and understand their significance in predicting the cardiac syncope.

METHODSTwenty-three patients were referred to our department for evaluation of syncope. The diagnosis of the above cases was cardiac syncope. Each patient was interviewed using a standard questionnaire. The clinical histories and standard baseline electrocardiogram were analyzed to identify the variables contributing to the diagnosis of CS in children.

RESULTSA cardiac cause was identified in 23 syncopal patients presenting to the Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital: sick sinus syndrome in 7, congenital long QT syndrome in 4, third degree atrioventricular block in 2, supraventricular tachycardia in 2, ventricular tachycardia in 1, atrial fibrillation in 1, pacemaker dysfunction in 1, idiopathic pulmonary hypertension in 3, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 1, and dilated cardiomyopathy in 1. The average age of CS patients was 9 years. In totally 23 patients, exertion related syncope spells were found in 14 cases (60.9%), syncope spells at various position 7/23 (30.4%), absence of prodromes in 12/23 (52.2%), syncope spells with incontinence in 4/23 (17.4%), history of heart disease in 4/23 (17.4%). Abnormal standard baseline electrocardiogram was found in 21 cases (91.7%).

CONCLUSIONSThe children with cardiac syncope have overt clinical features, especially abnormal findings in electrocardiogram and exertion related syncope spells are the most common clinical features.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Syncope ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; complications

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of infrared laser combined with alpha-zinc sulfate for the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DNP).Methods A total of 106 patients with DPN were randomly divided into observation group ( n =53 ) and control group (n=53).Besides base hypoglycemic drug therapy, patients in the control group received alpha-zinc sulfate injection 0.6 g once a day.The patients in observation group were given the above treatment plus anodyne therapeutic apparatus treatment.The treatment period lasted for 12 days.The data of clinical symptoms, temperature, and nerve conduc-tion velocity of two groups were observed before and after treatment.Results The effective rate and total effective rate were 52.83% and 90.57%in the observation group, significantly better than 41.51%and 86.66%in control group ( P<0.05 ).The data of peroneal nerve and sural nerve conduction velocity in observation group were much signifi-cantly improved than before treatment(P <0.05).No significant adverse effect was observed.Conclusion Infrared laser combined with alpha-zinc sulfate is effective on the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To investigate the cholagogic and anti -infla-mmatory effects and acute toxicity of Jinshalidan Granules.Methods The cholagogic effect of Jinshalidan Granules was observed and deter-mined by common bile duct drainage in mouse .The acute inflammatory models was established by xylene -induced ear edema to research the inflammatory effects of Jinshalidan Granules.The acute toxicity and the maximum tolerated dose in mice were also studied.Results Compared with the normal control group , the bile secretion for the mouse and the degree of swelling of mice ear induced by xylene were significantly improvemed in all the 3 different dosages of Jinshalidan Granules.After 14 days, continuous observation ,no mouse was found dead and no signifi-cant toxicity occurred by naked eyes.The maximum tolerated dose of Compound Jinshalidan Granules is 244.8 g · kg -1 ( crude drug ).Conclusion Compound Jinshalidan Granules have obviously effects on the increased the bile secretion and anti -inflammatory ,it is has very low acute toxicity in mice and preliminary proven to be safe .

Objective To explore the pharmaceutical care for 1 case of pulmonary aspergillosis combined with muscle lysis syndrome by clinical pharmacists.Methods Pharmaceutical care and summary analysis were performed for the drug treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis patients with muscle lysis syndrome.Results and Conclusion The patients get better treatment results.By understanding of adverse drug reactions and their mechanisms of action, clinical pharmacists participate in the clinical treatment process, making the use of drugs more reasonable.

BACKGROUNDTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in children and young adults worldwide. Therefore, we investigated the role of AG490 in regulating brain oedema, expression of CD40 and neurological function after TBI.

METHODSSprague Dawley rats (n = 240) were randomly divided into a sham operation group, TBI+saline group and TBI+AG490 (JAK/STAT inhibitor) group. Members of each group were euthanized at 6, 12, 24 or 72 hours after injury. Neurological severity score (NSS) was used to evaluate the severity of neurological damage. Brain water was quantitated by wet/dry weight method. The expression of CD40 was assessed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSIn both the TBI+saline group and the TBI+AG490 group, the brain water content was elevated after TBI, reached a peak at 24-hour and remained high for the rest of the period investigated; the expression of CD40 reached a peak 24 hours after TBI; the NSS was elevated after TBI and then decreased after 6 hours. Elevations in the level of CD40, degree of brain edema and NSS after TBI were significantly reduced in TBI+AG490 group.

CONCLUSIONInhibition of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway reduces brain oedema, decreases the expression of CD40 and exerts neuroprotective effects after TBI.

Animals ; Brain Edema ; metabolism ; Brain Injuries ; drug therapy ; CD40 Antigens ; analysis ; Flow Cytometry ; Janus Kinases ; metabolism ; Male ; Neuroprotective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; STAT Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tyrphostins ; therapeutic use