Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia has complicated manifestations and pathogenesis, and therefore clinicians should know its etiology and pathogenesis for safe medication. In this paper, we made a discuss on the etiology and pathogenesis of drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia from both traditional Chinese and western medicine viewpoint hoping to provide references for clinical physicians.

Objective To establish a UV spectrophotometry method for determination of diphenylamine in air of workplaces.Methods The air samples were collected by glass fiber filter treated with sulfuric acid,desorbed with alcohol by ultrasonic for 10 min,determined by UV spectrophotometry.Results The detection range of the method was 0.19-60 mg/m3(the air volume was15 L).The regression equation:y=0.13x-0.016.The correlation coefficients was 0.999 9.The detection limit was 0.28 ?g/ml.The relative standard deviations was 1.9% -8.4%.Sample-collected efficiency was 99%,desorption efficiency was 98% and the penetration capacity was more than 2.2 mg.Sample stability was 10 days at least by being stored in a refrigerator at 4℃ or by ambient storage.Conclusion This method is applicable to the determination of diphenylamine in air of workplaces.

Objective:To study the methods of prevention and occurrence of complications in abdominal operation patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods:Analys is the occurrence of postoperative complications and influencing factors in 41 cases in abdominal diseases patients with liver cirrhosis.Results:The incidence rate of postoperative complications was 63.4%(26/41),19 patients with 1 complication,7 patients with 2 or more than 2 complications.Five patients died,Mortality was 12.2%(5/41).Ascites,Child classification,portal hypertension,esophageal varices and intraopera-tive bleeding were influencing factors of occurrence of postoperative complications in abdominal disease patients with liver cirrhos is analyzed using Logistic regression analysis.Conclusion:Positive perioperative management,reducing the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding,Intra-abdominalinfection prevention and ascitic treatment are importent factors in reducing postoperative complications and mortality.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different densities of830nm laser irradiation on genetic damages in mice cells.Methods 100Kunming mice were randomly divided into micronuleus groups and sperm group,as well as control group.Mice thymus glands and spleens were irradiated with an830nm semiconductor laser,30mW for5minutes or20minutes each day in vitro,and the micronuclei of polychromatic erythrocytes in sternum bone marrow and rate of abnormal sperm produced were determined.Results Laser irradiation induced deformed sperm(? 2 =111.747,P=0.000),while higher dose(20min per day)laser irradiation increased the micronuclei of polychromatic erythrocytes in sternum bone marrow.There was statistical significance in the difference between the rates of abnormal sperm and micronuclei in sternum bone marrow caused by irradiation on thymus and spleen(? 2 =27.395,P=0.000)and there was dosage effect.The spleen was the more sensitive.Conclusion Laser irradiation at830nm might have a genetic damages to mice cells.Attention should be paid to the potential hazardous effects induced by semiconductor laser irradiation.

Objective To analyze the allele frequencies of 5 short tandem repeat(STR)loci(D12S313,D12S304,D12S1640,D12S1708 and D12S1583)on chromosome 12 among Kashin-Beck disease(KBD)patients and the control population living in the area suffered from KBD.Methods Fifty KBD patient8 and 50 non-KBD patients were chosen in endemic afea of Shaanxi Province,5 STR loci on chromosome 12 were genotyped by the technology of polymerase chain reacfion(PCR)and capillary electmphoresis.The pelymorphisms of STR in these popIllations were analyzed.The allele and genotype frequencies of each STR in the corresponding groups were caleulated and compared. Results In KBD group,the 5 STR loci had 8,6,7,5 and 11 types ofalleles and 17,11,15,8 and 28 genotypes, respectively;while in the control group,the number of aUele types of 5 STR loci were 6,8,6,4 and 10,the number of genotype of those loci were 13,21,14,8 and 23,respectively The allele frequence of D12S304 locus was statiBtically significant between KBD patients and controls(P<0.05),especially for the 319 bp allele(P<0.006 25). Conclusion There is an association between D12S304 locus and KBD.The 319 bp allele might play the key role.

Objective To discuss Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS) on the localization diagnosis of primary epilepsy patients with hippocampal lesions before operation.Methods 50 patients with idiopathic epilepsy (epilepsy group) and 32 healthy volunteers (healthy control group) were underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI) and MRS examination.Results ( 1 ) MRI showed that results of examination in the healthy control group were all normal.Epilepsy group of 38 cases were found abnormal in hippocampal area,and all patients were unilateral. 27 cases of them reduced with hippocampal volume, while signal abnormality was in 7 cases, 4 cases occurred simultaneously reduced with hippocampal volume,and therer was no obvious abnormal signals in 12 cases of patients with epilepsy of hippocampus volume and signal.( 2 ) MRS examination results:the healthy control group MRS were normal.50 epileptic patients in group MRS showed that hippocampal abnormalities.The epilepsy group NAA/( Cho+Cr) ,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group;epilepsy group disease side hippocampus NAA/(Cho+Cr),NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values have different degrees of reduction,compared with the contralateral side,the value of t were 12.716,9.155,17.476,all P<0.01.(3)50 cases of epilepsy patients in the epilepsy group disease side compared with the contralateral side,the side of hippocampus NAA/disease ( Cho+Cr) , NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values were decreased,the test values of t were 7.295,6.303,2.761,all P<0.01.(4)50 cases of operation patients underwent postoperative pathological examination of resected tissue,resection of neurons,tissue showed different degrees of reduction,microglia proliferation and neuronophagia phenomenon.Comparison of the posi-tive rate of MRS and MRI examination,χ2 =13.636,P<0.01.Conclusion Magnetic resonance spectroscopy analy-sis can play the important role in the evaluation of epilepsy surgery preoperative epilepsy,MRS examination for preop-erative diagnosis positive rate is high,the localization diagnosis with high reliability.

ObjectiveThe clinical features of T1G3 bladder cancer and the risk factors of the recurrence,progression and death were studied. Methods One hundred and eighty-seven cases with T1G3 bladder cancer were diagnosed from 1998 to 2006 in the Institute of Urology of Tianjin.There were 162 males and 25 females in the study group.The average age was 66 years (35 -92 years).A clinical epidemiology study was carried out and prognosis information was collected.The risk factors were preliminary screened with Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis and then finally determined with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. ResultsBased on a mean follow-up of 46 months (range,12 to 111 months),100 (53.5％) of the cases had a recurrence,61 (32.6％) cases progressed and 37( 19.8％ ) cases died.The 1-,2-,3-,5-year probability of tumor recurrence was 35.0％,60.0％,63.0％,65.0％.The 1-,2-,3-,5-year probability of disease progression was 12.0％,27.0％,34.0％,38.0％ and the 1-,2-,3-,5-year probability of death was 0,11.0％,17.0％,26.0％,respectively.The tumor size,number of tumors,immediately intravesical instillation and the first recurrence time ≤6 months were the risk factors associated with tumor recurrence of T1G3 bladder cancer.The tumor modality,cancer in situ,the first recurrence time ≤ 6 months and frequency of recurrence were the risk factors of disease progression.Only progression was a risk factor of death. ConclusionsTumor of T1G3 bladder cancer patients with features such as the tumor size ≥3 cm,tumor multiplicity,and first recurrence time ≤6 months were more likely to relapse.Immediately intravesical instillation could reduce the risk of recurrence.Cystectomy must be carried out early if the patient with T1G3 bladder cancer has the risk factors of progression such as the nodous tumor,tumor in suit,the first recurrence time ≤6 months and frequency of recurrence ＞ 1.

Objective To discuss the therapeutic methods of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF). Methods Nineteen cases of IRF were reviewed.The main clinical menifestation included lamber pain and nephrohydrosis,nausea,loss of appetite,body weight descend,hypourocrinia,percussion tenderness over kidney region.The imaging showed soft tissue mass behind the peritoneum,which surrounded the abdominal aorta,and wrapped the ureter and inferior vena cava.There were 9 cases treated by open surgery,in 7 of which ureterolysis and placement into abdominal cavity were performed,and in the other 2 cases kidney fistulation was undertaken because of failure of ureterolysis.In 10 cases endoscopic stent of double J stent was taken.Glueocortieoid was given in 17 patients.Results Seventeen cases were followed up from 5 to 81 months.Six cases with ureterolysis were followed up,whose symptom disappeared and renal function recovered or kept slowly increasing state.In 2 cases undertaken kidney fistulation,urinary tract infection took place repeatedly after 3 months and 7 months respectively from operation.And 1 case needed hematodialysis therapy.There were 9 cases undertaken ureterai stent combined with prednisone were followed up,in whom hydronephrosis relieved obviously and serum Cr averaged 103±48μmol/L when keeping the double J stent.In 3 cases hydronephrosis recurred after removing the stent. Conclusions Ureterolysis and placement into abdominal cavity is the valid treatment of IRF.The way of endoscopic stent combined prednisone treated IRF is simple,which effect is satisfied in short term.

Objective To discuss the clinicopathologic and imaging features of multilocular cystic renal eell carcinoma(MCRCC). Methods The data of 8 cases(5 men and 3 women)MCRCC classified according to 2004 WHO criteria were reviewed retrospectively.The tumor was incidentally found in 5 out of 8 cases.Renal ultrasound and CT scans were available in all 8 cases.CT or enhanced CT scans showed a well-defined cystid mass with irregular thickening wall or septa in 7 cases,without visible nodules found.For treatment,open or laparoscopic radical and partial nephrectomy was done in those cases. Results Postoperative pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of MCRCC.The mean greatest diameter of the tumors was 5.6 cm.Microscopically,the wall and septa lined by one or several layers of clear cells were observed in all cases.The TNM stage of all 8 cases was T1 N0 M0.For pathologic grade,7 cases were G1 and 1 case was G2.Seven patients were followed up and remained tumor free during the average time of 8 months. Conclusions MCRCC is an uncommon subtype of RCC,it has a lower malignant potential and a better prognosis compared with other types of RCC according to the literature.Nephron-sparing surgery may be an appropriate treatment option for MCRCC.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of BCAR1 protein in endometrial carcinoma.Methods The level of BCAR1 was measured by immunohistochemistry in 50 endometrial carcinoma samples and 30 normal proliferative endometrium samples.Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression was investigated in endometrial carcinoma samples.Results The level of BCAR1 was higher in endometrial carcinoma than that in normal proliferative endometrium (64.0％ (32/50) vs.40.0％ (12/30) ;x2 =4.364,P =0.037).In endometrial cancer,increased BCAR1 expression was significantly correlated with relatively higher age,poor differentiation,positive expression of ER (x2 =6.272,r =0.354 ; x2 =5.640,r =0.366 and x2 =4.217,r =0.290 ; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion BCAR1 promote carcinogenesis and positively correlate with poor differentiation and ER status in endometrial carcinoma.