AIM: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification and small incision non -phacoemulsification cataract surgery, and provide better options for clinical cataract treatment.
METHODS: According to the different operation methods, 98 cases of simple senile cataract patients in our hospital were divided into control group and treatment group, 49 cases in each. The control group received ultrasonic emulsification operation treatment; treatment group were treated by small incision non -phacoemulsification. Visual acuity, astigmatism values, average operation time, and complications were compared between two groups before and after operation.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative corneal astigmatism values of two groups at 3mo between two groups (P>0. 05). On other times, vision and corneal astigmatism were obviously better than those before operation (P<0. 05). The average vision, corneal astigmatism values and complications incidence of two group at operation time and different postoperative time had no statistical difference (P>0. 05). When the lens nucleus hardness was at Ⅰ~Ⅲ level, corneal endothelial cell count of two groups had no significant difference ( P>0.05). When the lens nucleus hardness was at Ⅳ ~ Ⅴlevel, there was statistical difference (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Small incision non-phacoemulsification cataract surgery has the similarly efficacy compared with phacoemulsification. It should be based on the actual situation of the hardness of nuclear to select the appropriate surgical treatment.

Objective To discuss the technique and value of preoperative reformatting with three-dimensional computed tomography technique for C_2 pedicle screw track.Methods GE Light Speed 16 Pro spinal CT scans of 15 adult dry vertebrae were loaded into an imaging station (software ADW4.2).Two methods of C_2 pedicle screw techniques were analyzed through virtual screw trajectory by VR (volume rendering) and MPR (multiple planar reformatting) techniques,in method A,screw entry point was the intersection between the media-vertical and the cranial line of C_2 inferior facet joint,in method B,the screw track was from the cranial and medial quadrant of the dorsal part of C_2 inferior facet joint.Results The screw track could be observed dynamically from any plane.Two vertebrae were ob- served with smaller height in isthmus and the medial edge of the transverse foramen since no space was a- vailable for the screw.The screw trajectories data were compared between method A and method B,which showed that the angles towards the cephalad (in sagittal plane) and midline (in transverse plane) were bigger in method A than in method B (P＜0.05,0.01),but the safe screw diameter was smaller in method A than in method B (P＜0.05),and there was no difference of the screw length between the two methods(P＜0.05 ).Conclusion In this research,the individual C_2 pedicle screw entry points, screw diameter and security screw angle can be simulated,and the screw track can be observed dynami- cally to make sure if it transits the bone structure completely.Preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography reformatting for pedicle screw track is of great value in clinical and basic researches.

Objective To investigate the effect of berberine on insulin resistance induced by free fatty acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the possible molecular mechanism.Methods 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0.5 mmol/L palmitic acid to induce insulin resistance.Berberine was used for treatment and aspirin for positive control.Glucose oxidase method was employed for measuring the glucose consumption in the medium and 2-deoxy- [~3H]-D-glucose method was used for the determination of glucose uptake.Western blot was used for the determination of IKB kinase(IKK)?SerlS1 phosphorylation,insulin receptor substrance-1(IRS-1)Ser307 phosphorylation,the protein expression of IKK?,IRS-1,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI-3K)p85 and glucose transporter 4(Glut4).Results After the treatment with 0. 5 mmol/L of palmitic acid for 24 h,glucose consumption by 3T3-L1 adipocytes was decreased by 41%,insulin-stimulated glucose transport was inhibited by 67%,IRS-1 and PI-3K p85 proteins were reduced, and phosphorylations of IKK?Ser181 and IRS-1 Ser307 were induced.The above results were reversed by adding berberine or aspirin.But Glut4 and IKK?protein abundance was not changed during this study.Conclusion Berberine significantly improves insulin resistance induced by free fatty acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via inhibiting IKK?serine phosphorylation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the time law of electroacupuncture in regulation of circadian rhythms of the organism.

METHODSEffects of electroacupuncture at "Shenshu" (BL 23) at Zi, Wu, Mao and You periods on circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and core body temperature in hamsters were observed with chronobiological research methods.

RESULTSElectroacupuncture at Wu period could decrease the amplitude of locomotor activity rhythm (P < 0.05), at Mao period could delay the peak phase of circadian rhythm and at You period could advance the peak phase of circadian rhythm (both P < 0.05); and electroacupuncture at Mao period could delay 22.36 degrees and at You period advance 39.32 degrees for the rhythm peak of the circadian rhythm of core body temperature.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture has a certain effect on circadian rhythm of locomotor activity and core body temperature.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Body Temperature ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Circadian Rhythm ; Cricetinae ; Motor Activity

Objective To study the effect of BCL-2 ?-radiation on BCL-2 gene in dogs, and its relationship and signifcane on apoptosis of proliferated smooth muscle cells of bile duct wall. Methods The ~(103)Pd (radioactivity) stent(experiment group) or ordinary stent(control group) was positioned into the target segment of bile duct. The injured bile duct segments were dissected free from the dogs, and BCL-2 gene in the (control) and r-radiation-induced apoptotic smooth mucle cells of bile duct wall was analysed by using (immuno-histochemical) technique. The number of apoptotic cells was counted, and size of lumen of bile duct in both groups was measured by a computerized imaging system.Results BCL-2 gene expression was weaker in the ~(103)Pd radioactive stent group than in the ordinary stent group. The group of dogs with low expression of BCL-2 genes showed marked apoptosis of proliferated smooth mucle cells of bile duct and there was no overt stenosis of extrahepatic bile ducts. The group that showed high expression of BCL-2 gene did not show marked apoptosisi of proliferated smooth muscle cells of bile duct, and there was marked stenosis of extrahepatic bile duct.Conclusions The expression level of BCL-2 in experimental dogs is related to the develoment of (cellular) apoptosis and to radiation sensitivity of the cells. ~(103)Pd radioactive stent can reduce the expression of BCL-2 gene, promote apoptosis of proliferated smooth muscle cells of bile duct, and suppress stricture (formation) of extrahepatic bile duct.

This study was aimed to propagate and identify the prdm1 gene-knockout mice, so as to lay the foundation for studying Blimp-1 protein. Two kinds of transgenic homozygous mice with B6.prdm1(flox/flox) and B6.Lck-Cre were feed and propagated; after successful propagating, the first passage mice were obtained; after the first passage mice were copulated once again, the genotypes were obtained as follows: B6. prdm1(wild/wild). Lck-Cre, B6. prdm1(wild/wild), B6.prdm1(flox/flox). Lck-Cre, B6.prdm1(flox/wild). Lck-Cre, B6.prdm1(flox/flox), B6. prdm1(flox/wild). The genomic DNA of second passage mice was extracted, the Cre and loxp gene fragments were amplified by PCR, then the size of Cre and loxp genomic DNA were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The mice with B6.prdm1(flow/flox). Lek-Cre were used as conditionally prdm1-knockout mice, B6.prdm1(flox/wild). Lck-Cre mice, B6.prdm1(flox/flox) and B6 mice were used as controls. The spleen T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were sorted by using magnetic beads, the blimp-1 target protein was identified by Western blot. The results showed that the two transgenic homozygous mice had the ability to reproduce, and the separation ratio of second passage mice generated from propagation of their offspring cach other meet Mendelian laws, and the prdm1 gene-knockout mice also could successfully obtained. It is concluded that the application of Cre-loxp system may successfully obtain plentiful prdm1 gene-knockout mice.
Animals ; Genotype ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; genetics ; Mice, Knockout ; genetics ; Reproduction ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of Wit3a gene modification on mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against the injury induced by Ara-C. The gene-modified MSC steadily expressing Wnt3a were established by adenovirus system. The acute direct damage effects of different concentrations of Ara-C on the unmodified MSC and the gene-modified MSC were assessed by using an in vitro culture system, and the corresponding controls were set. The proliferation and apoptosis of MSC exposed to Ara-C were detected by cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry. The expression of BCL-2 protein related with cell apoptosis was assayed by Western blot. The results indicated that as compared with unmodified MSC, Ara-C exhibited a less inhibitory effect on the proliferation of gene-modified MSC. There was obvious difference between unmodified MSC and gene-modified MSC (p < 0.05). The proliferation of gene-modified MSC began to recover at 72 hours after removal of Ara-C. However, unmodified MSC showed sustained suppression of proliferation after withdrawal of Ara-C. In apoptosis, the apoptosis rate of gene-modified MSC induced by Ara-C was significantly lower than those of unmodified MSC (p < 0.05). In addition, the expression levels of BCL-2 protein in gene-modified MSC were up-regulated compared with unmodified MSC (p < 0.05). It is concluded that Wnt3a gene modification can significantly mitigate the damage of mouse bone marrow MSC induced by Ara-C.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cytarabine ; adverse effects ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Wnt3A Protein ; genetics

Objectives To evaluate the effect of shade guide training box and shade guide training software on shade matching ability of observers when used separately.To find out the difference between two training plans when the two training methods were used in combination,and to provide information on shade matching training system. Methods Sixty-two postgraduate dental students who specialized in prosthodontics with 1 to 5 year clinical experience were enrolled in this study.At base Iine.each participant were asked to match 7 standard shade tabs which have been randomly chosen from Vita 3D-Master shade guide and 7 intermediate shade tabs from Vita bleached guide 3D-Master.Then the subjects were allocated to 2 groups[Toothguide Training Box(TTB)group and Toothguide Training(TT)group]according to the baseline data.Participants in group,TTB received training session once a week for 3 weeks.while those in group TT received TT training session once a week for 3 weeks.All participants took a middle term shadematching test. Then the two groups exchange the training methods and repeat the whole process,a final test was given to each participant.The elapsed time and number of accurate shade matching were recorded for each training session.Wilcoxon signed ranks test and ANOVA were used in data analysis.Results There were no significant differences in the number of accurate shade matching(standard shade tab and the sum)between group TTB(4.4±1.3 and 5.3±1.6)and TT(4.0±1.4 and 4.9±1.5)in the middle term test with higher value found in group TTB.In the final test.the number of accurate shade matching(standard shade tab and the sum)in group TT(4.9 ±0.8 and 6.4±0.8)was higher than that in group TTB(4.7±1.1 and 5.8 ±0.9).but significant difference was found only when the sum number of accurate shade matching was compared between the two groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between data from middle term test and from final test in group TTB:while in group,TT,the number of accurate shade matching in the final test was,significantly increased compared with that in the middle term test(P＜0.05)Conclusions When used in combination,TT training followed by TTB training is recommended.

OBJECTIVETo review the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial pregnancy.

METHODSFour cases with complicated interstitial pregnancy were diagnosed and treated from January, 2004 to June, 2007 at the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University. The clinical data and follow-up records were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAll 4 nulliparous patients were misdiagnosed before operation. The median age was 30 years (25-34 years), and the median duration of amenorrhea was 48 days (37-58 days). The median concentrations of serum beta-hCG were 3245.5 IU/L (282-30729 IU/L). Two patients with interstitial pregnancy had high levels of beta-hCG, and were diagnosed and treated under laparoscopy. Among them one patient was underwent transcervical curettage under laparoscopic guidance,and another underwent laparoscopic salpingotomy. The remained two patients had low levels of beta-hCG, and were diagnosed and treated under hysteroscopy, 50 mg methorexate(MTX)was injected into the implanted sites under hysteroscopic guidance. The levels of serum beta-hCG in 4 patients dropped down quickly, reaching undetected levels at a mean duration of 13 days after operation. Three months postoperatively, ultrasonic examination revealed the normal contour of uterus.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic examination is helpful to make a correct diagnosis, and transcervical curettage (or transcatheter chemotherapy) under laparoscopic guidance (or under hysteroscopic guidance) may be a promising approach for young or nulliparous women with interstitial pregnancy who want to maintain future fertility.

Adult ; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore the surgical management and its results of intercondylar fractures of the humerus through approach of osteotomy of olecranon (AOO) with dual steel plate.

METHODSFrom June 2001 to March 2007, 38 patients of intercondylar fractures of humerus were treated surgically through AOO, and the fracture was reduced and fixed with dual steel plate. There were 24 males and 14 females with a mean age of 37 years (range 19 to 48 years). All cases were closed fractures. The fractures were classified according AO included 12 cases of C1, 20 cases of C2 and 6 cases of C3. The time from injured to operation was 6 hours to 14 days (means 7 days).

RESULTSThese 38 patients were followed up from 5 months to 2 years (average 12 months). The wound healing of one patient was below the mark. After the treatment of change dressings, the wound healed. Of these 38 patients, no loosening or breakage of internal fixation occurred. All the osteotomies healed in 15 weeks averagely (range 12 to 22 weeks). According to Cassebaum scoring system, the results were excellent in 15 cases, good in 17 cases, fair in 5 cases and poor in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONThe technique of dual steel plate for the treatment intercondylar fractures of the humerus through approach of osteotomy of olecranon (AOO) offers many advantages, such as sufficient exposure easy, stable fixation and earlier exercise. Functional exercise in the early period is the crucial factor of enhancing the therapeutic effect.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; therapy ; Fractures, Closed ; therapy ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; therapy ; Humerus ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult