ObjectiveTo investigate the concentration of water fluoride and the application of water defluoridation projects in Suizhou,and to provide a basis for water improvement and prevention of the disease.MethodsCross-sectional study was carried out to investigate completely the water defluoridation projects built between 1986 and 2009 in the area under Suizhou's jurisdiction; 3 source water and terminal water samples of the projects in use were collected,respectively; 1 water sample was collected,respectively in the 3 projects with out-ofcommission or discarded water sources that used to be major water supply,for detection of fluoride,chloride,total hardness,heavy metals and other indicators.ResultsA total of 21 projects were investigated,14 projects were in normal use (66.7％),7 projects were out of order and abandoned (33.3％).Of the 14 projects normally used,13projects with water fluoride concentration ≤ 1.0 mg/L(92.9％)and 1 project with water fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg/L(7.1％),the concentration of water fluoride in the 7 abandoned projects was higher than 1.0 mg/L(100％).Arsenic and lead levels of all the water samples were normal.There were two water samples with iron content exceeded the standard,and one total hardness of water samples exceeded the standard in the normally used 14 peripheral water sources.One chloride content exceeded the standard,one manganese content exceeded the standard,two iron content exceeded the standard and three total hardness exceeded the standard in the seven abandoned projects.ConclusionsSome defluoridation projects are stopped using and abandoned in Suizhou,and the water fluoride exceeds the standard.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of work was to evaluate the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) associated with hypertension.

METHODSFive hundred and thirty-eight cases of TN associated with hypertension treated with MVD were retrospectively analyzed, all the cases were treated with MVD in the zone of the ventrolateral medulla oblongata and inspected postoperative blood pressure.

RESULTSAmong 538 cases, 341 cases (63.4%) had cure result, 71 cases (13.2%) had obvious effectiveness, 53 cases (9.8%) had effectiveness, and 73 cases had no effectiveness. Four hundred and eighty-three cases have been followed 1.0 approximately 15.8 years, mean 6.3 years. At the time of their follow-up, 313 cases had cure result, 63 cases had obvious effectiveness, 42 cases had effectiveness and 65 cases had no effectiveness.

CONCLUSIONSIt was pathogenesis of nedulla oblongata by abnormal vascular tab, long-term aching stimulation and emotional stress. It was an effective method to treat TN associated with hypertension with MVD in this zone.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; complications ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; pathology ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; complications ; surgery ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between beta-catenin and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) expression and development/biologic behavior of human colorectal cancer.

METHODSImmunohistochemical study for beta-catenin and MMP-7 was carried out on colorectal adenoma-carcinoma tissue microarrays and results analyzed.

RESULTSThe nuclear beta-catenin expression rate was 35.9% in adenoma with malignant transformation, significantly higher than that in adenoma (16.7%) and carcinoma (19.7%) (both P < 0.05). The cytoplasmic and nuclear beta-catenin expression rate in adenoma with severe dysplasia was significantly higher than that in adenoma with mild dysplasia (both P < 0.05). The nuclear beta-catenin expression rate in adenocarcinomas of the ulcerative type, with lymph node metastasis and in the late tumor stages were all significantly higher than that in adenocarcinomas of the polypoid type, with negative lymph node and in the early tumor stages (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The MMP-7 expression rate in adenocarcinoma (69.2%) was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal mucosa (15.0%), adenoma (35.0%) and adenoma with malignant transformation (46.2%, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The MMP-7 expression rate in ulcerative type adenocarcinoma with lymph node metastasis and in late tumor stages was significantly higher than that in polypoid type adenocarcinoma with negative lymph node and in early tumor stages (all P < 0.05). The cytoplasmic and nuclear beta-catenin expression was thus in positive correlation with the expression of MMP-7 (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe cytoplasmic and nuclear beta-catenin expression, probably an early event, was related to the development of colorectal cancer. beta-catenin may enhance the degradative function of the target gene MMP-7 through nuclear translocation and may further facilitate local invasion and metastasis by the colorectal cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adenoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secondary ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secondary ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; pathology ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether there are abnormal fibroblasts in the surrounding skin of keloids for better understanding of the etiological feature of keloids.

METHODSFresh samples were used for cell culture. Flow cytometry was used for analyzing cell cycles of fibroblasts derived from keloids and the surrounding skin. Proliferative cell proportions were compared between every two groups. P53 exon 4, 5 and 6 were amplified by PCR. DNA was sequenced to examine the structure of the destination gene.

RESULTSThe proliferative cell proportion of the fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin is not so high as that from the verge of keloids, but is higher than the normal skin fibroblasts derived from other part of the keloid patients or persons without keloids (P < 0.05). Mutations (point and frameshift mutations) of P53 exon 4 (6/6) and exon 5(2/6) in fibroblasts derived from the surrounding skin of keloids were identified. Fibroblasts derived from keloids have the same mutations as its surrounding skin.

CONCLUSIONThere are abnormal fibroblasts in the surrounding skin of keloids. It may be the consequence of keloid infiltrative growth and a reason of easy recurrence of keloid after therapy.

Cell Cycle ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Exons ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Frameshift Mutation ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Keloid ; pathology ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Skin ; cytology

Objective To compare the features of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML), and to explore their relationship with pathologic findings. Methods Thirty patients with 31 resected or punctured and pathologically proved hepatic angiomyolipomas in Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University from January 2006 to December 2012 were selected in this retrospective study. CEUS and CECT features were evaluated and analyzed with pathology findings in 30 patients with HAML preoperatively. The proportion of typical performance by CEUS compared with CECT in this group was analyzed with Fisher exact propability. Results Seventeen lesions were inhomogeneous hyperechoic under conventional ultrasound observation. Twenty lesions demonstrated typical imaging characteristics by CEUS, eleven lesions showed atypia CEUS imaging characteristics. There were seventeen lesions on CT indicates the presence of fat. Seven lesions demonstrated typical imaging characteristics by CECT, twenty-four lesions presented atypical CECT imaging characteristics. The proportion of showing typical imaging characteristics by CEUS was higher than by CECT (64.5%vs 22.6%, P=0.002). Among the eleven mixed type HAML lesions, seven lesions showed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and two lesions demonstrated typical CECT imaging characteristics. In the ten myomatous type HAML lesions, six lesions displayed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and two lesions revealed typical CECT imaging characteristics. Among the eight lipomatous type HAML lesions, six lesions showed typical CEUS imaging characteristics and three lesions displayed typical CECT imaging characteristics. Conclusions Conventional ultrasound combining with CEUS can demonstrate the echoic and blood perfusion characteristics of HAML in most cases. The features of CEUS and CECT were varied in different histological types.

Objective To develop a method for determining the contents of 5 main active compounds in Long-Dan-Jian-Gan capsules.Methods Chromatographic separation was carried out on Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(4.6 mm ×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase was methanol and phosphoric acid in aqueous solution (0.1％) with gradient elution.The flow rate of mobile phase was maintained at 1.0 mL · min-1 The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm.Investigation of specificity,calibration curves,lower limit of quantitation,precision,recovery and stability were investigated.Results Gentiopicrin,polydatin,scoparone,hesperidin and emodin had good linerities with concentrations in the ranges of 9.9-158.1,4.2-66.8,10.5-167.8,0.8-13.1,2.7-42.5 ng· mL-1,respectively.The lower limit of quantitation were 98.80,41.76,104.88,81.60,265.60 ng · mL-1,respectively.The average recoveries of high,medium and low concentrations were 94.19％-99.54％,94.90％-101.07％,94.45％-102.04％,RSD ≤2.32％.The precision of the instrument was good.Conclusion This method of the operation was simple,quick,accurate,and can be used for quality control of Long-Dan-Jian-Gan capsules.

Therapeutic angiogenesis comes into sight as a new strategy for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAHD). The therapeutic method of activating blood circulation to remove stasis has shown confirmative effect upon both fundamental researches and clinical trials of CAHD. Thus, the new proposition may provide a better treatment plan for CAHD to study on therapeutic angiogenesis with the therapeutic method of activating blood circulation to remove stasis. The author reviewed relevant theories and the latest researches, on the basis of combining diseases identification and syndrome typing, discussed the state quo and achievement of therapeutic angiogenesis in CAHD by Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) of activating blood circulation to remove stasis from fundamental and clinical researches and action mechanisms from standpoints of Chinese herbal compounds, single Chinese herb, effective herbal chemical composition, thus providing references for future researches.
Coronary Disease ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Phytotherapy ; methods

OBJECTIVETo understand provider initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) in a region with high HIV/AIDS epidemic in China, and analyze its effect to early detection of HIV infections.

METHODSBetween January and December, 2013, 37 county level medical institutions were selected as the study sites, among which, 19 were public medical institutions and 18 were private institutions. According to the related regulation, procedures and contents of PITC, the study was implemented among outpatients and inpatients who seek for doctors in these medical institutions and PITC were provided for them. The 'Individual Investigation Form' was used to record the information and high-risky factors, and the respondents were taken venous blood and given HIV screening and confirmation. All available serum samples of newly found HIV/AIDS cases were tested using the BED HIV Incidence Capture Enzyme Immunoassay (BED-CEIA) to differentiate the long-term infections and new infections (early detected infections). Chi-square analysis was used to compare the differences of characteristics of newly infected patients.

RESULTSBetween January and December, 2013, a total of 37 medical institutions provided PITC. 55 164 person times were received HIV screening, among which 658 were HIV positive, and 598 were confirmed to be HIV positive. The 598 cases were all provided transferring service. The differences of age, marital status, education levels, transmission routes and testing institutions had statistical significance to early detection (χ(2) equals to 23.54, 10.50, 17.96, 21.22 and 4.80; P equals to < 0.001, 0.005, < 0.001, < 0.001 and 0.029, respectively). And the early detection proportions among patients aged from 20 to 29 and from 50 to 84 were 47.1% (114/242) and 42.1% (24/57), respectively; the proportions among single and married patients were 37.8% (56/148) and 38.9% (143/368), respectively; the proportion among patients with high school education levels were 42.6% (26/61); the proportion among patients transmitted by fixed heterosexual sexual partners was 46.0% (86/187); the proportion among private hospitals was 40.3% (58/144).

CONCLUSIONA certain proportion of HIV infections were early detected by PITC in this region. The HIV early detection proportions among specific age group and population with spouse/fixed sexual partners were relatively high.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; Counseling ; Early Diagnosis ; Epidemics ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution patterns and proliferative activity of lymphatic vessels in colorectal carcinomas (CRC) and their relationship with tumor metastasis and disease prognosis.

METHODSThe microlymphatic density (MLD) and microvascular density in tumoral and non-tumoral areas of 96 cases of CRC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal antibodies for podoplanin and CD34 respectively. The Ki-67 expression of the lymphatic and blood vessels was detected by double-labeling immunohistochemistry. The relationship between MLD and clinicopathologic features and prognosis was analyzed.

RESULTSThe lymph vessels at central and superficia1 portions of CRC often had a reticular architecture with numerous tiny and ill-defined lumina, while those at the tumor borders had large and open lumina. The MLD at tumor borders (51.2 +/- 25.5) was significantly higher than that in normal colorectal mucosa (29.4 +/- 9.0) and other portions of CRC (P < 0.01). The Ki-67 labeling index of the lymphatic lining cells at tumor borders (0.23 +/- 0.17) was significantly higher than that in other portions of CRC (P < 0.05). The MLD significantly correlated with lymphatic involvement by tumor cells, regional lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (P < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate was also significantly lower in patients with high MLD (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNeolymphatic vessels are commonly seen in CRC, especially at tumor borders. High MLD at tumor borders is associated with metastasis. The detection of MLD at tumor borders may thus be useful in predicting lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients with CPC.

Adenocarcinoma ; immunology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; immunology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphangiogenesis ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Lymphatic Vessels ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo observe the effectiveness of using cell saver (CS) during surgery on blood sparing and its impact on patient's hematology and coagulation function.

METHODSOne-hundred and thirty-eight patients undergoing elective surgery were recruited for intraoperative blood salvage using CS. Blood routine, blood chemistry and coagulation function were measured before surgery, after infusion of salvaged blood and postoperative day 1, respectively.

RESULTSIn total, 112,056 ml of packed red blood cells were collected, with a mean value of 812 ml per patient. The percentage of autologous blood transfusion volume to the total blood transfusion volume was from 48% to 89%. Allogenic blood transfusion rate was from 5% to 100%. Compared with the values before surgery, the hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, plasma total protein and fibrinogen concentration decreased significantly after the transfusion of salvaged blood and the first postoperative day (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while the prothrombin time was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe use of CS during surgery can, to a certain extent, reduce the requirement of allogenic blood. However, reinfusion of large amount of salvaged blood may affect coagulation function.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Coagulation Tests ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous ; methods ; Blood Volume ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Elective Surgical Procedures ; Female ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Humans ; Intraoperative Care ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prothrombin Time