Cryptococcosis ; complications ; Eosinophilia ; etiology ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial contamination situation in infant formula powder during the processes of production.Methods A total of 880 samples were collected from Gansu Province,which included raw materials,manufacturing facilities,personnel swabs and final infant formula powder.The detection method conducted in this study were complied with the standard of the SN/T 0738-1997 and GB 4789,and the microbial species detected in this study included Enterobacteriaceae,Enterobacter sakazakii,and Bacillus cereus.Results The detection rate of Enterobacteriaceae was 28.41％ (250/880),the detection rates of Enterobacter sakazakii and Bacillus cereus were 0.46％ (4/872) and 16.94％ (31/183) respectively.The prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae (40.00％,40/100) was the highest in raw materials.Four Enterobacter sakazakii strains were isolated from the pretreatment workshop,equipment and environment surface.The prevalence of Bacillus cereus was 22.73％ (10/44) in final product.Conclusion The microbial contamination was existent widely in infant formula powder and the production procession.Rigid laws and managements should be conducted to reduce the microbial contamination in raw materials,production processes and the environment,which might improve the quality of infant formula powder.

Adult ; Hamartoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of diacerhein in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods The efficacy and safety of diacerhein was randomly investigated in 42 pa- tients with knee osteoarthritis using parallel group methodology and a double-dummy technique to ensure dou- ble blind status with respect to diacerhein and control drugs diclofenac.Results Significant changes were ob- served in 20 meters walk pain,knee joint tenderness scale,WOMAC index scale,5F-36 health survey,knee joint swelling scale,compared with baseline(P＞0.05)in both diacerhein and diclofenac group respectively.No difference was found between diacerhein group and diclofenae group.The patient global assessment and physi- cian's global assessment were similar in diacerhein group and diclofenac group(P＞0.05).The side effect was similar in two groups.All of these side effects in gastrointestinal tract appeared to be transient.Conclusion Diacerhein can effectively relieve pain and swelling of knee osteoarthritis,and provides us a new effective and safe approach for treating knee osteoarthritis.

To study the chemical components and the antifungal activity of extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2.The extraction were obtained by distilling with Methylene dichloride from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 cultured on wheat bran solid matrix.Antifungal activity were determined by mycelium growth method.The chemical components of the extraction were analysed by GC-MS,the relative components in the extraction were determined by area normalization.The extraction not only have broad-spectrum control,showed antibiosis against eleven different plant fungal pathogens in PDA dish,such as Rhizoctonia solani,Alternaria brassica,Verticillium dahliae,Macrophoma kawatsukai,Fusarium moniliforme,Botrytis cinerea,Rhizoctonia cerealis,Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Bipolaris sorokinana,Fusarium graminearum,Alternaria.mali,but also have high inhibitory effect,and had 89.3% suppressive rate to Rhizoctonia cerealis.About sixty components were separated and identified by GC-MS,majority components were Hydrocarbon,the number of the Hydrocarbon were fourty-three kinds.Ergosterol was the major chemical components of the extract,and has 41.90% content.Other components comprised:Ketone,Organic acid,Alcohol,Ene,et al.Conclusion:The extraction from conidia of Trichoderma viride LTR-2 have antifungal activity.The extration comprised 2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl,it has 2.35% content.reference others literature,2H-Pyran-2-one,5,6-dihydro-6-pentyl may be the suppressive component of the extration.

OBJECTIVETo explore the quality of life and related social support among people living with HIV/AIDS with related factors.

METHODS331 people living with HIV/AIDS and 148 of their family members were selected using a typical sampling method. Questionnaires on general conditions, tables on history of infection, generic quality of life inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) and social support scale (SSS) were used.

RESULTSData from one-way analysis suggested that people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members with the different sexs, different villages and different cultural backgrounds had differences in GQOLI-74 scores (P < 0.05) while people living with HIV/AIDS with the different villages had differences in SSS scores (P < 0.05). Results from Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that being elderly and negative life events were negatively associated with social support (P < 0.05), while factors as more advanced educational background, harmonious neighborhood relationship and having bother pouring nature were the predictive factors (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMany factors might affect dimensions of quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS and their family members in rural areas of northern Anhui. Community care and social support of HIV/AIDS should still be greatly enhanced in the countryside of China. A community care mode based on family and neighborhood was expected to be developed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; ethnology ; psychology ; China ; Cultural Characteristics ; Family Relations ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Social Support

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) was used to detect HEV (Hepatitis E virus, HEV) RNA in dung or anus-swab samples collected from the cows with the positive anti-HEV antibodies in dairy farms in Xinjiang Autonomous Region. 7 of 60 (11.67%) cows were positive for HEV RNA in one farm. 1 of 31 (3.23%) cows was positive in the other farm. PCR amplification products were cloned, sequenced and analyzed. The result showed that the homology among the 8 bovine HEV ORF2 189bp nucleotide amplification sequences was 96.3%-100.0%, suggesting the same genotype. Compared with HEV genotype 1, 2, 3 and 4 corresponding 189 bp nucleotide sequences, the average homology was 78.5%-86.4%, 81.7%-83.8%, 79.1%-85.3% and 84.3%-95.8% respectively. The maximum homology between 8 nucleotide amplification sequences and one sequence of genotype 4 was 93.2%-95.8%. Based on the sequence of the nucleic acid fragments, a phylogenetic tree was constructed. It was illustrated that 8 bovine HEV ORF2 189bp nucleotide amplification sequences in this study and human C5 strain, swine swC3, swXJ strain belonged to genotype 4. The finding suggested that infection of HEV probably existed in the cow group in Xinjiang Autonomous Region and the cow might be a new animal host except swine in origin of HEV infection.
Animals ; Cattle ; virology ; China ; Disease Reservoirs ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis E ; immunology ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Swine ; virology

Objective To explore the feasibility of constructing tissue engineered porcine corneal stroma with skin fibroblasts in vivo.Methods Skin fibroblasts were isolated from embryonic porcine,cultured and expanded in vitro.Cells were labeled with green fluorescence protein(GFP) gene by retro-viral infection.Cells at passage 3 were seeded on polyglycolic acid(PGA) non-woven fibers to form a cell-scaffold complex.The complexes were then implanted into porcines' corneal stroma after culturing in vitro for 1 week.Engineered stroma was observed continuously and harvested after 8 weeks for gross and histological evaluation.PGA with corneal stromal cells was served as control. Results The engineered tissue in the stroma gradually became transparent over a period of 8 weeks,showing no difference with the control group.Histologically,the engineered stromal lamellar was relatively regular and similar to the control.The implanted cells were confirmed by GFP expression under fluorescent microscope.By transmission electron microscopy examination, no significant difference in the diameter of collagen fiber was observed between the engineered stroma and normal stroma. Conclusion Tissue engineered corneal stroma may be formed with skin fibroblasts in porcine corneal microenvironment.

OBJECTIVE To study the isolation and resistance tendency of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii to antimicrobial agents from 1998 to 2004 to provide valuable data for infection prevention and therapy. METHODS We reviewed the isolation rates,distribution in clinical specimens and wards,and the resistance rates of(A.calcoaceticus-baumannii)to 14 kinds of antimicrobial agents from 1998 to 2004. RESULTS There was an increasing tendency of isolation rates of A.calcoaceticus-baumannii every year,which was 0.18% in 1998 but 1.48% in 2004.In the seven years,there was the highest isolation rate of 70.58% in specimens from respiratory tract,the next was from the urine(9.42%),and blood(4.63%).Concerning the wards distribution,ICU had the highest rate of 47.28%.In 1998,A.calcoaceticus-baumannii had resistance rates more than 50% only to one kind of antimicrobial agents(aztreonam),but in 2004,it had increased to thirteen kinds(except cefoperazone/sulbactam).About the fourteen kinds of antimicrobial agents we inspected,that were increased in their resistance rate.The highest increasing of resistance rate was ceftazidime from 11.1% in 1998 to 88.9% in 2004,the imipenem was second for 0.0% to 64.8%,and the third was sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim form 0.0% to 64.0%,while there still was an increasing resistance tendency to them. CONCLUSIONS The clinical isolation rate of A.calcoaceticus-baumannii is increasing,and it has higher resistance rates to many antimicrobial agents as well as an increasing resistance tendency to relatively susceptive antimicrobial agents every year.So physicians should prescribe on the basis of antimicrobial agents susceptibility tests in vitro.