Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Skull ; abnormalities

Objective To analyze behavior of having multiple sexual partners among outside school adolescents and the impact factors in one county.Method Participatory method was adopted in the survey,trainees of an occupational training center were trained to investigate their peers with anonymous questionnaires.Results The subjects who had more than 3 sexual partners accounted for 38.3%,and the factors related to multiple sexual partners were complicated.The most im- portant protective factor was to raise level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge (OR=0.85);the key risk factors were: promiscuous behaviors (OR=4.91) and prostitution(OR=3.37) among their friends.Conclusion For reducing behav- ior of having multiple sexual partners among outside school adolescents,it is essential to promote HIV/AIDS related health education and to enhance their ability to respond to pressures from their bad peers.

Objective: To investigate the alterations of bcl-2 gene family in the rat brain and the molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis follow ing traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lateral fluid percussion brain injury(FPBI) of moderate severity. bax and bcl-xL mRNA and protein expression was detected by RT-PCR an d immunohistochemistry. In addition to morphological evidence of apoptosis, TUNE L histochemistry was used to identify DNA fragmentation in situ under both l ight and electron microscope, whereas characteristic internucleosomal DN A fragm entation of apoptosis was demonstrated by DNA gel electrophoresis. Resul ts: bcl-xL mRNA and protein decreased in the ipsilateral hemisphere t o the impact site as early as 6 h post-injury［(67.42±7.54)% and (85.85±5.72)% r espectively］. The decrease in bcl-xL mRNA and protein preceded apoptosis was observed 12 h post-injury. And this was the main cause of up-regulation of the ratio of bax to bcl-xL in the acute period(minutes-hours) followin g FPBI. bax mRNA and protein were observed to rise slowly, doubled 3 d post- injury, returned to sham level slowly. The delayed cell death (days-weeks) migh t associated with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic gene bax. Conclusio n: The expression of bcl-xL and bax coincide with apoptosis following TBI. The reg ulation of bax and bcl-xL by TBI occur before transcription. The balance of bax/bcl-xL ratio determines the neurocytes to survive or die following FPBI.

Thirty healthy women and 101 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were recruited. According to serum testosterone (T) level and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ,the correlation of T and body mass index (BMI) with insulin resistance was analyzed. The results showed that there were 39. 8％ normal,24. 5％ overweight,and 35.7％ obese among 101 PCOS patients. However,there were no significantly differences in BMI, fasting plasma glucose ( FPG ), triglyceride ( TG ), total cholesterol ( TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ( HDL-C ), and HOMA-IR levels between PCOS patients with hyperandrogenemia ( T ≥ 0. 51 μg/L) and normal androgenemia ( T ＜ 0. 51 μg/L). BMI, FPG, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels were higher and HDL-C level was lower in patients with insulin resistance( HOMA-IR ≥ 2. 29 ) than in patients without insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR ＜ 2. 29, P＜0. 05 or P＜ 0. 01 ). Serum T levels were not significantly different between two groups. HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with BMI(P＜0. 01 ), not with serum T, suggesting that the gain of body weight is correlated with insulin resistance independent of serum T level.

Objective To investigate the rule of the cerebral tissues aquaporin-4(AQP-4) expression in acute and chronic hepatic failure mice.To study the molecular biologic mechanism of the diffusion weighted imaging(DWI).Methods Sixty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups randomly,including acute(n=25),chronic hepatic failure(n=25)and control group(n=15). Thioacetamide(TAA)intraperitoneal injection produces the acute and chronic hepatic failure models.All rats in groups were examined with MR DWI.We Observed the distribution of abnormal signal on DWI.The DWI single values of top and lateral cortex of parietal lobe,peripheral region of lateral ventricle in the highest hyperintensity section of brain were measured.Blood ammonia values were examined.The pathologic and immuno-histochemistry and RT-PCR examination for brain specimen were performed.All date were analyzed with statistical methods.Results The mean values of blood ammonia were significantly different (P0.05).Conclusions Increase of the blood ammonia was the main cause for the brain energy metabolic abnormality and AQP-4 mRNA and protein expression.The hyperammonemia was the key factor in the occurrence and development of the hepatic brain edema.The abnormal findings in DWI signal could reflect the range and degree of the brain edema and AQP-4 protein expression.

Aim To study relative bioavailablity of cefaclor effervescent tablets in healthy volunteers. Methods According to the crossover design, A volunteers were each orally given a single does of the 0.75 g cefaclor effervescent tablets and cefaclor capsules with an interval of 5 days between the two formulations.The plasma concentrations of the drug were determined by RP-HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by ATPK programe,and calculated on the basis of open single compartment model.Results After a single oral dose, the peak levels in plasma averaged Cmax(31.27?5.81)?g?ml-1 and(30.56?5.25) ?g?ml-1 at (0.58?0.12)h and(0.73?0.17)h and AUC0～4(35.48?4.65) ?g?h?ml-1 and (35.89?2.90) ?g?h?ml-1 for tablet and capsule,respectively. Conclusion The result shows that two formulations are bioequivalence.

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal arteriovenous anastamoses between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. These fistulas may be classified by cause (spontaneous or traumatic), flow velocity (high or low), or pathogenesis (direct or indirect). The most commonly adopted classification is that described by Barrow based on arterial supply. Traumatic CCFs are almost always direct shunts between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus. General features of CCFs, which may be apparent with any lesion, including bruit, headache, loss of vision, altered mental status and neurological deficits. Some fistulae may present primarily with hemorrhage before any evaluation can be performed. However, hemiparesis has been rarely observed. Only a literature review of Murata et al reported a case of hemiparesis caused by posttraumatic CCF, in which the fistula resulted in venous hypertension and subsequent brainstem congestion. While in our case, cerebral infarction was caused by total steal of the blood flow. The patient recovered after occlusion of the fistula with a detachable balloon.
Adult ; Balloon Occlusion ; methods ; Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Cerebral Angiography ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; complications ; diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Paresis ; complications ; diagnosis ; Recovery of Function ; Risk Assessment ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating ; complications

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Qinggan Huoxue recipe (QGHXR) in treating alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

METHODSBy adopting the multi-centered, randomized and controlled method, the patients were divided in to the QGHXR group (60 patients) treated orally by QGHXR, the XCHG group (30 patients) treated orally by Xiaochaihu granule and the control group (30 patients) treated orally by conventional therapy such as glucurolactone, vitamin C. The changes in symptoms, signs, liver function, blood lipid, liver fibrosis markers, cytokines, lipid superoxidation parameters and B-untrasonographic figure after treatment of the two groups were observed.

RESULTSThe total therapeutic efficacy of QGHXR, improvements in anorexia, nausea, vomiting and jaundice as well as effect in reducing blood levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride (TG) were superior in the QGHXR group to those in the other two groups (P < 0.01), and the effect in decreasing gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the QGHXR group was more significant than that in the control group (P < 0.01). QGHXR also showed effects in lowering levels of liver fibrosis markers and cytokines, alleviating the anti-lipid superoxidation damage in liver, and could markedly improve the degree of fatty liver.

CONCLUSIONQGHXR shows obvious therapeutic effect in treating ALD, the mechanism could possibly be related with its effects in antagonizing lipid superoxidation, stabilizing hepatic cell membrane, adjusting the lipid metabolic disturbance of liver, regulating immune function, anti-liver fibrosis and promoting the intrahepatic metabolism of alcohol.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, Nuclear ; metabolism ; Brain Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epilepsy ; etiology ; Female ; Ganglioglioma ; pathology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; classification ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Malformations of Cortical Development, Group I ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; pathology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of retinoblastoma-associated protein 46 (RbAp46) or RbAp 46 mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) of acute leukemia (AL) patients and determine whether the expression is related to the classification and prognosis of ALs.

METHODSThe expression of RbAp46 protein in BMMNC was detected by Western blot in 46 AL patients and the expression of RbAp46 mRNA in BMMNC by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in 22 AL patients. The indirect immunofluorescence staining technique was applied to the localization of RbAp46 protein in BMMNC both in leukemia patients and control subjects.

RESULTS(1) Both RbAp46 protein and mRNA were expressed in AL BMMNC and no significant difference was found among different leukemia types. (2) The expression of RbAp46 protein was lower in AL patients with high-degree tumor burden than in those with low-degree tumor burden (mean A, 93.4 +/- 37.2 vs 127.2 +/- 15.8, P < 0. 05). (3) The expression of RbAp46 protein was lower in refractory leukemia than those in non-refractory leukemia (mean A, 87.1 +/- 33.8 vs 126.6 +/- 21.2, P < 0. 05). (4) The expression of RbAp46 mRNA was lower in AL patients with high-degree tumor burden than in those with low-degree tumor burden (mean A R, 0.19 +/- 0.08 vs 0.31 +/- 0.12, P < 0. 05). (5) RbAp46 protein was mainly localized in nucleus of BMMNC in both AL patients and control subjects.

CONCLUSIONBoth RbAp46 protein and mRNA are expressed in AL patients BMMNC. The downregulation of RbAp46 expression is associated with high leukemic burden and refractory to treatment. RbAp46 gene might be a tumor suppressor gene for leukemia.

Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blotting, Western ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Retinoblastoma Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 7 ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult