Burns ; microbiology ; Humans ; Wound Infection ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVE To study the phenomenon of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and antibody(HBsAb) both positive in blood samples.METHODS Using electro-chemo-luminescence immune system E170 to detect HBsAg and HBsAb in clinical samples and retest the both positive cases by another two reagents for HBsAg and another three reagents for HBsAb.RESULTS All 7332 samples showed 140 both HBsAg and HBsAb positive(1.9%) and 73 of them were retested for HBsAb by another three reagents which gave altogether 24 positive results,which was not related to each other.Those gave higher HBsAb value by E170 showed higher positive rate by Abbott reagent.CONCLUSIONS HBsAg and HBsAb both positive results are not rare.It may be due to the interactions between the patient and the infected hepatitis B virus.Besides,the quality of reagents and correct lab operating procedures may also affect the test results.

Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery

Burn Units ; Cross Infection ; therapy ; Drug Resistance ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; etiology ; therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; etiology ; therapy ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; adverse effects

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Standard of Care

The roles of chemokine and chemokine receptor family in immune diseases are drawing increasing attention, as they are very important in maintaining cell survival, inducing gene expression, directly guiding cell migration and regulating immunity. The paper reviews the expression and possible roles of chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands in immune diseases, as well as the latest therapies targeting them.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability of epirubicin hydrochloride solutions for clinical use prepared from three different formulations (one concentrated solution and two powders for injection). METHODS: Epirubicin hydrochloride in three formulations was dissolved or diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride to prepare the test solutions with concentration of 0.4mg · mL-1. These solutions were stored at different temperatures and under different shading circumstances, and samples were collected periodically during the storage to evaluate the stability, including visual inspection, pH value and content of epirubicin. RESULTS: All epirubicin solutions were stable when stored at 2-8°C under dark condition for 40 d with average content of greater than 93.76%. When stored atroom temperature with or without light exposure for 40 d, only the solution diluted from the concentrated water solution for injection was stable, as the average content remained above 92.57%. While the solutions prepared from the other two powders for injection were not stable, as the average content fell below 90% at room temperature after 2-7 d. CONCLUSION: Epirubicin solutions prepared from three different formulations are stable when stored either at 2-8°C under dark condition for 40 d or at room temperature for 24 h. The solution prepared from the concentrated water solution for injection is more stable than the solutions prepared from the two powders for injections when stored at room temperature for a long period (40 d).

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; Dasatinib ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Thiazoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective: To explore the effect and its mechanism of atorvastatin on cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups: pretreatment group (n = 20), they were fed atorvastatin 10 mg/kg/d for 15 days before the model was made; treatment group (n = 20), they were fed atorvastatin 10 mg/kg at the same day the model was made and continued for 2 days; isotonic saline group (n = 10), instead of atorvastatin, they were fed the same volume of isotonic saline for 15 days before the model was made; and normal control group (n = 10). The SAH model was made by injection of autoblood into cistern magna in rats. On the second day after the model was made, their lipid levels were measured, and neurological deficit scores were assessed; the diameter of basilar artery was measured automatically by the image analysis system after hematoxylin-eosin staining; the levels of serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and ICAM-1 and leucocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in basilar artery were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The lipid levels in all groups showed no significant differences. The neurologic function scores in the pretreatment group, treatment group and normal control group were 24.3 ± 2.6, 22.0 ± 2.9 and 27.0 ± 0.0, respectively. In comparison with the isotonic saline group (14.2 ± 3.2), there were significant differences (P < 0.05). The diameter of basilar artery in the pretreatment group (169 ± 14 μm) showed significant differences (P < 0.01) with that in the treatment group (146 ± 12 μm) and isotonic saline group (138 ± 18 μm), while no significant differences (P > 0. 05) between the pretreatment group and the normal control group (182 ± 14) μm. The results of ELISA showed that ICAM-1 , LFA-1 and IL-6 expression in the pretreatment group was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in the treatment and isotonic saline groups; The results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of ICAM-1 and IL-6 mRNA in the pretreatment group was significantly lower than that in the treatment and isotonic saline groups. Conclusion: Atorvastatin clearly relieves basilar artery vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and improves neurologic function in rats. The mechanism may be associated with its inhibiting the inflammatory reaction after SAH, weakening the interaction between ICAM-1 and LFA-1, and it is not associated with the lowering of lipid levels.

OBJECTIVE: To study correlation between physical properties and compressibility and compactablility of Microcrystalline cellulose. METHODS: After determining the physical properties such as particle size distribution, moisture capacity, angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, the powder was tableted by the Korsch XP1 at the same filling height, and data derived from heckle model, plasticity constant, cumulative elastic recovery, tensile strength and it's changes with time were evaluated. RESULTS: The physical properties of microcrystalline cellulose had great effect on its compactablility as well as cumulative elastic recovery out of die, but not on compressibility. And pressure applied correlated closely with changes of tensile strength in storage, which was intensified by the influence of water in powder on the particle size. CONCLUSION: Microcrystalline cellulose shows excellent compressibility, however, particle size reduction is able to decrease the compactability. Since the water in powder can increase particle size by changing internal structure of particles and plays a prerequisite role in lubrication and adherence, the variation of water content may weaken the compatability of microcrystalline cellulose and worsen the mechanical strength stability of tablets in storage.