Androgen receptors appear to play a significant role in the hepatocarcinogenesis.Androgen receptors are found to be expressed in liver tumor,and the overexpression of androgen receptor is associated with poor prognosis.Recent researches have indicated that androgen receptors regulate various cellular events in liver carcinogenesis through various ways,and androgen receptor could be a potential cancer therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of syringin, schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin and schisandrin B in Shuangwu capsules. Methods: The HPLC method was employed using a Diamonsil C18 column (200 mm X 4.6 mm, 5μm) with a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (1 : 1, A) and water (B). The gradient elution program was as follows, 0-5 min, 35%-60%A; 5-10 min, 60%-70%A; 10-50 min, 70%-90%A; 50-90 min, 90%A. The flow rate was 1 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 220 nm and the temperature was at 35°C. Results: The linearity was obtained within the range of 1.28-20.40 μg/ml for syringin (r=0.999 7), 6.30-100.80μg/ml for schisantherin (r=0.999 6), 1.20-19.20μg/ml for deoxyschizandrin (r=0.999 8), and 3.75-60. 00 μg/ml for schisandrin B (r=0. 999 6). The RSD values of precision were less than 1% for all the four components. The results showed that the samples were stable in the room temperature for at least 24 h. The average recovery rates of syringin, schizandrin, deoxyschizandrin and schisandrin B were 99.47%, 102.50%, 99.21% and 101.86%, respectively. Conclusion: Our method is rapid, easy to perform and accurate; it can be used to control the quality of Shuangwu capsules.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, calcitonin has been reported to have better clinical efficacy in the treatment of osteoarthritis, but its mechanism of action for osteoarthritis is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of calcitonin on the cartilage morphology and proteoglycan expression in rats with osteoarthritis. METHODS:Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: model group, treatment group, and sham group. Anterior cruciate ligament transaction of the right limbs was implemented in the model and treatment groups, and only the joint cavity was exposed in the sham group. At 2 days after modeling, the treatment group received a daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin, 15 IU/(kg?d), and the model group and sham group were administered with normal saline at the same dose. The injection lasted for 6 weeks. At 10 weeks after modeling, the articular surface of the tibia of rats in each group was generaly observed; bone mineral density of the distal femoral bone and subchondral bone of the lateral and medial ankle were detected using X-ray test; bone morphology and proteoglycan secretion were measured by hematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The tibial articular surface was smooth and glossy in the sham group, but oxblood in the model group with large-area ulcers; the treatment group showed rough and local ulceration. Compared with the sham group, the bone mineral density of the subchondral bone of medial and lateral ankle were increased significantly in the model group (P < 0.05), but trabecular separation and proteoglycan content were decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the bone mineral density of the subchondral bone of medial and lateral ankle were decreased significantly in the treatment group (P < 0.05), while the trabecular separation and proteoglycan content were increased (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that calcitonin has better protection on the cartilage of rats with osteoarthritis, and can promote bone the secretion of proteoglycan.

Cell cycle-related kinase (CCRK) as a novel CDK-activating kinase plays a significant role in cell cycle regulation.Related studies confirm that CCRK is overexpressed in various tumors,and is associated with poor prognosis of the patients,which indicates that CCRK takes part in the generation and development of the tumor.

Objective To investigate the effect of microbubble(Sono Vue) destruction with ultrasound on wound healing in rats. Methods Total 96 SD rats were accepted one rounded whole-layer skin incision on back each other and randomly divided into four groups:microbubble destruction with ultrasound(US + MB),microbubble(MB), ultrasound(US) and control group. Rats in US + MB group were injected with 0.5 ml microbubble contrast agent via tail vein,and then ultrasound irradiated for 3 minutes immediately. MB group were injected with 0.5 ml microbubble contrast agent. US group were injected with 0.5 ml physiological saline,and then ultrasound irradiated for 3 minutes immediately under the same condition. Control group were injected with 0.5 ml physiological saline. Feed each rat in single cage. On day 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 after wound creation,the excised wound tissues were analyzed by histology and VEGF expression in wounds by immunohistochemistry. Results HE staining: On day 7, wounds of US + MB group displayed the most accumulation of granulation tissue and all new capillaries were perpendicular to the wound surface, but the new capillaries of other 3 groups were disordered. Immunohistochemical examination of VEGF expression:the peak expression appeared on day 3 in US + MB group, other 3 groups were on day 5 to day 7.Conclusions US + MB treatment could improve the quality of wound healing and granulation tissues were maturated earlier than MB, US treatment and control group, which could accelerate wound healing. High temperature,high pressure and some kind of chemistry effecs induced by microbubble destruction with ultrasound can stimulate the secretion of endogenous VEGF, which may be the mechanism of promoting angiogenesis and wound healing.

Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmacytoma ; metabolism ; pathology

Thymic carcinoid is an uncommon component of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1).The low penetrance and the high mortality made TH-NET one of the most fatal tumor components of MEN1.Here we are discussing the pathology and pathogenesis, as well as epidemiology, screening strategy, diagnosis, therapies, and analysis of prognostic factors of thymic carcinoid associated to MEN1.

Objective To study the relationship between efflux pump MexAB‐OprM and carbapenem resistance of Pseudomonas aerginosa strains .Methods The minimum inhibitory concentrations of imipenem and meropenem were determined by agar dilution method for 75 strains of P .aerginosa in the absence or presence of MC207110 to screen the phenotypes of active efflux pump .Reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method was used to determine the mRNA expression level of mexA which encodes the membrane fusion protein in active efflux pump MexAB‐OprM and the reference (housekeeping) gene rpoD .PCR method was used to amplify the regulatory genes mexR ,nalC ,and nalD of active efflux pump MexAB‐OprM in the strains overexpressing the efflux pump . The PCR products were subject to DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis . Results Of the 75 P .aeruginosa strains ,13 (17 .3% ) were positive for efflux pump MexAB‐OprM .Overexpression of the efflux pump was identified in 10 of the 13 strains and associated with positive regulatory genes mexR ,nalC and nalD .A Gly71→Glu mutation in nalC was found in 9 strains ,and a Ser209→Arg mutation in nalC was identified in 8 strains .Only one strain had a Thr158→Ile mutation in nalD .Eight strains had mutation in mexR .Conclusions Overexpression of multidrug efflux pump MexAB‐OprM plays an important role in carbapenem resistance of P .aeruginosa .High level expression of MexAB‐OprM is related to the mutations of its regulatory genes .

Objective To investigate effect of the transtheoretical model and stages of change (TTM) on self-management paradigm,serum calcium and phosphorus levels in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Total 140 MHD patients were separated into two groups as the intervention group (65 of 70 cases completed with TTM) and the control group (63 of 70 cases completed with routine nursing care) by random number table.Data obtained by using hyperphosphatemia related knowledge questionnaires and Self-management Rating Scale before and after intervention.The levels of serum calcium and phosphorus between the above groups were compared.Results The scores of self-management behavior were higher in control group after 3 months intervention,the differences was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),in which the scores of problem solving (2.97 ± 0.28),self care activities (2.99±0.28),relationships (3.13±0.35) and emotional treatment (2.80 ± 0.32) in experimental group was apparently higher than control group at the same time,the scores were (2.63±0.32),(2.67±0.38),(2.76±0.42),(2.44±0.36) respectively in conrtol group,t values were-0.907,-7.68,-6.03 and-8.43,respectively.And also,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups in serum phosphorus level [(1.81±0.49) mmol/L vs.(2.56±0.69) mmol/L],the product of calcium and phosphorus [(55.33±14.45) mg2/dl2 vs.(72.35±20.94) mg2/dl2],serum parathyroid hormone [238.00 (130.35,413.85) ng/L vs.297.75 (155.02,760.37) ng/L] (t=11.01,8.43,Z=-2.09,P＜0.05).Conclusions TTM is conducive to promote behavior change,improve self-management conduct,and also reduce serum phosphorus level in MHD patients.

Objective To explore the accuracy and practicability of the three-dimensional ultrasound in real-time intellectual positioning navigation.Methods The phantom was applied in the real-time intellectual positioning guided biopsy of three dimensional ultrasound,free-hand ultrasound-guided biopsy and bracket-guided biopsy with different depths(5 cm,10 cm) and different sizes of the targets (6 mm and 15 mm).The time spent,the length of the sample and the success rate of biopsy were compared among three groups,and statistical analysis was done.Results ①The different sizes of targets with different depths were shown in three kinds of biopsy that the real-time intellectual positioning guided biopsy of three-dimensional ultrasound spent more time than bracket-guided biopsy,less than free hand ultrasound-guided biopsy.The difference was significant (P ＜0.05).The aquired red-dyed sample was longer in the real-time intellectual positioning guided biopsy of three-dimensional ultrasound compared to free-hand ultrasound-guide biopsy and bracket-guided biopsy,the difference was significant (P ＜0.001).②For real-time IP-guided biopsy of three-dimensional ultrasound with same depth,larger size of targets(15 mm) spent less time than smaller saize of targets (6 mm),the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).However,compared to smaller saize of targets(6 mm),success rate of biopsy in larger size of targets(15 mm) had no significant difference (P =0.238 at depth of 5 cm,P =0.479 at depth of 10 cm).③For real-time intellectual positioning guided biopsy of three-dimensional ultrasound with same size,time spent was less in the targets at the depth of 5 cm than in the targets at the depth of 10 cm,the difference was significant (P＜0.05).The aquired red-dyed sample was longer in the targets at the depth of 5 cm than in the targets at the depth of 10 cm,and success rate of biopsy in the targets at the depth of 5 cm was higher too (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The real-time intellectual positioning guided biopsy of three dimensional ultrasound spend less time with high accuracy and success rate of biopsy,especially for smaller and deeper targets,can be clinically applied with accuracy and practicability.