Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

Biomarkers ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans

0.05). The average and maximal heart rates of subjects in bench stepping during exercise were higher than those in home stepping (P 0.05), however, the correlation between the direct calculation and home stepping was high (r=0.46, P 0.05).③The correlation between two step experiments for male students was high (r=0.73, P 0.05), however, the difference for female students was significant (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Two indirect test protocols need further improvements, but home step is more appropriate for a large sample of constitution assessment by comparison of measurement efficiency and precision.

Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Terminology as Topic ; Translating

Objective To compare the pharmacokinetics on rabbit after left gastric regional arterial infusion chemotherapy with peripheral intravenous administration.Methods 18 rabbits were seperated into 6 time groups at random and 5 Fu (50mg/kg) was infused through left gastric artery. Blood of portal vein and peripheral vein were sampled at different times. Finally all rabbits were killed and partial stomach tissues were sampled. Blood and stomach tissue were analysed with high efficacy liquid chromatography after disposed. Control group members were infused 5 Fu (50 mg/kg) by ear marginal vein and then blood and stomach tissue samples taken at different times were analysed with the same method. Results The drug concentration time curve of portal vein and peripheral vein both reached the peak at the fifth minute after drug administration in the two methods, then declined quickly and slowed down after 30 minutes, according with two house models. The drug concentration in portal vein of the experimental group was obviously higher than in the peripheral vein and also higher than in the portal vein of the controll group maintaining for a longer period. Drug concentration in stomach tissue of experimental group was 11 times of that of control group at the fifth minute and was similar after 2 hours in both methods groups.Conclusions Drug concentration in blood of portal vein and stomach tissue can maintain a higher level in a longer period with the same local effect after left gastric arterial infusion chemotheraphy showing high chemotherapeutic efficiency.

Electrophysiological monitoring of the activity of the penile sympathetic skin responses (PSSR) in healthy men and patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: PSSR were recorded from the skin of penis with disk electrodes at the time of electric stimulation of left median nerves. Results: PSSR were recorded from all the healthy men and almost all the patients. In healthy men the latency of P0, the latency of N1, the duration of N1 and the amplitude of N1 were 1249 ± 111 ms, 2239 ± 286 ms, 1832 ± 505 ms and 470 μV (median), respectively. In ED patients the latency of P0, the latency of N1, the duration of N1 and the amplitude of N1 were 1467 ± 183 ms ( P ＜ 0.01), 2561±453 ms (P ＜0.05), 2560±861 ms (P ＜0.01) and 91 μV (P ＜0.01), respectively. The normal latency of P0 was less than 1471 ms. The normal amplitude of N1 was more than 235 μV. According to this normal value, of 20 patients 11 showed longer latency of P0, and 14 showed lower amplitude of N1 as compared with those of normal subjects.Conclusion: PSSR can be used as an electrophysiological method in assisting the diagnosis of ED.

China ; Food ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Food Inspection ; methods ; Plants ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:Human has a high level heritability in physical performance. With the development of technology and test method in molecular biology, the researchers of sport science are concerned with the influence of gene variation on the elite athlete performance. They begin to know the important value of gene on predicting the physical performance.
OBJECTIVE:To review the research results in the field of gene polymorphisms and elite athlete performance and to expatiate the problems in these researches, thereby offering some proposals.
METHODS:A computer-based online research of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed to col ect articles published from 1998 to 2013 with the key words“elite athlete performance, gene polymorphisms, endurance, power, training response”in Chinese and English. There were 150 articles after the initial survey. A total of 80 articles were included according inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The researches of this field are mainly focused on the three aspects:elite endurance performance, elite power performance, and training response, which are associated with gene polymorphisms. The main genes related to elite endurance performance are ACE, mtDNA, PPAR, ADR, GNB3, NRF2, etc. The main genes related to elite power performance are ACTN3, ACE, GDF-8, IL-6, HIF-1, etc. The main genes related to training response are HBB, TFAM, NRF2, AR, FECH, etc. Several gaps in the current researches have been identified including smal sample size of most athletic cohorts, lack of corroboration with replication cohorts of different ethnic backgrounds. The numerous research findings can be applied to the gene selection of athletes by creating some kinds of algorithms and models.

Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and sFlt-1 in the preeclampsia placenta,and discuss their significance in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods Placentas were collected from 20 pregnant women with preeclampsia as study group and 15 normal pregnant women as control group.The expressions of HIF-1?,VEGF and sFlt-1 protein were semi-quantitatively analyzed with immunohistochemical assay and mRNA level was determined using reverse transcription polymerasc chain reaction(RT-PCR)technique. Results(1)the expression of HIF-1?and sFlt-1 protein in preeclampsia group obviously increased.Strong (+++)positive expression was observed in 9 and 11 cases respectively,significantly higher than in control group(2 and 3 cases)(P＜0.05),however,VEGF expression obviously reduced in preeclampsia group(P＜0.01).(2)the level of HIF-1?and sFlt-1 mRNA in preeclamptic placenta was 0.604?0.013, 0.898?0.041,significantly higher than 0.208?0.007 and 0.559?0.244 in normal placenta(P＜0.05). Although the level of VEGF mRNA increased in preeclampsia placenta,it was not significantly different from that in normal placenta(P＞0.05).The ratio of VEGF mRNA/sFlt-1 mRNA obviously reduced in preeclampsia group and was significantly lower than in control group(P＜0.05).(3)in preeclampsia group,HIF-1?mRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression of sFlt-1 mRNA(r=0.577, P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with the ratio of VEGF mRNA/sFlt-1 mRNA(r=-0.376,P＜0.05).Conclusion Abnormal high HIF-1?expression in preeclampsia placenta indicates that HIF-1?might play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia,possibly through affecting the cytotrophoblastic invasion and placental vascular reconstruction via the modulation of VEGF and sFlt-1 gene transcription.