Objective To explore the features of gallbladder adenomyoma in sonogram, and improve the abilities of diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Method Sonograms of 8 patients with proven gallbladder adenomyoma were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with pathologic findings. Results Eight patients had sonographic evidence of localized intramural nodular,which were round-like and hypoechoic,with anechoic space and tiny bright echos, confined almost exclusively to the fundus of gallbladder. Five patients were also evident with associated gallstones and chronic cholecytitis. Conclusion Sonograms of gallbladder adenomyoma have marked features, which can be differentially diagnosed from other projective lesions of gallbladder.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)is a neuroendoerine peptide that stimulates the synthesis and release of adrenecortieotropic hormone from the pituitary. CRF widely distributed in the body has been implicated in the regulation of endocrine, neural, behavioral responses and has relevance in the the physio- logical effects and pathophysiology of gut. The delayed gastric emptying, inhibited small intestinal transit and stimulated colonic transit are the most common responses evoked by CRF. CRF delay gastric emptying by ac- tivating CRF2 receptor while the stimulation of colonic motility is mediated by the activation of CRF1 recep- tor. Development of antagonists of CRF receptor may treat a new therapeutic strategy for treatment of stress- related gastrointestinal disease.

Objective To understand the bronchovascular nodule notch sign based on pathology and to evaluate the potential role in detecting this "sign"by multiplanar reconstruction(MPR).Methods ① 91 cases of small peripheral lung cancer (SPLC) and 55 cases of benignant nodule,confirmed by pathology were analysed.11 fresh lobectonic specimens including 9 cases with SPLC and 2 cases with benignant nodule were collected to make the gross pathologyical sections.The bronchovascular convergences in benign and malignant nodule were analysed comparatively.② MPR in 20 cases with malignant nodule and 13 cases with benign nodle were performed in order to observe the bronchovascular convergences.Results ① The specialty of nodule notch sign was 95.2% for malignant tumors.② The detecting rate of nodule notch sign on MPR in malignant nodule was 70%,which was of significant difference between MPR and plain CT scan.Conclusion "Notch sign" is of important value in the diagnosis of SPLC associated with BVC.The detected rate of "notch sign"will be improved by spiral CT MPR.

Objective To investigate the imaging finding,the pathologic bases,and the diagnostic value of nodule notch due to pleural indentation (NNPI),and to evaluate the potential role of multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in the diagnosis of small peripheral lung cancer (SPLC) associated with pleural indentation (PI).Methods (1) 91 cases of SPLC and 59 cases of benign nodule confirmed by pathology were collected in this paper.A correlative study was done between the two groups.Eleven fresh lobectonic specimens from 9 cases of SPLC and 2 cases of benign nodule were collected.A correlative study to the preoperative CT scans,postoperative scans of the inflated specimens with the gross pathology of the specimens was done.(2) Twenty cases of SPLC and 12 cases of benign nodule,associated with PI,were collected in the study about MPR.Attention was focused on its role in showing NNPI.Results (1) NNPI was depicted as follows: On the position of the connection between the nodule and the line associated with PI,and a notch was shaped on the margin of nodule.The specificity of NNPI to malignant PI was 96.5%.(2) On MPR image,the occurrence of NNPI (80%) was higher than that on CT scans (? 2=13.205,P

Humans ; Saliva ; physiology ; Salivary Gland Diseases

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of mitochondria stress in locus coeruleus and the tyrosine hydroxylasic projection after long-term sleep deprivation.

METHODSSleep deprivation mice model was set up by employing "novel environments" method. The expression of NAD -dependent deacetylase Sirtuin type 3 (SIRT3), which regulates mitochondrial energy production and oxidative stress, and heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), a major biomarker of mitochondrial stress, and the tyrosine hydroxylasic projection from locus coeruleus were analyzed after a 5-day sleep deprivation.

RESULTSCompared to the control group, the expression of SIRT3 in locus coeruleus was significantly decreased in respouse to long-term sleep deprivation, while the expression of HSP60 was significantly increased. In addition, relative to control group, pereentage area of the tyrosine hydroxylasic projection to anterior cingulate cortex was substantial decreased in long-term sleep deprivation group.

CONCLUSIONLong-term sleep deprivation induced the decreased level of SIRT3 expression and the elevation of mitochondrial stress in locus coenileus, which may further lead to the loss of tyrosine hydroxylasic projection in mice.

Animals ; Chaperonin 60 ; metabolism ; Locus Coeruleus ; metabolism ; physiology ; Mice ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; physiology ; Sirtuin 3 ; metabolism ; Sleep Deprivation ; Tyrosine ; metabolism

Humans ; Methods ; Parotid Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation (PPSF) and open pedicle screw fixation (OPSF) in the treatment of single level of thoracolumbar fracture.

METHODSDatabases including Pubmed, Embasem, CNKI were searched to collect clinical trials of the clinical safety and efficiency of PPSF and OPSF for single level of thoracolumbar unstable fracture, relevant proceedings and references were also retrieved manually. Studies from 1990 to 2014 that met the inclusion and exclusion standards were researched. The data were extracted and the methods from the studies were also evaluated. Data analysis was conducted with the Review Manager 5.3 software. Observation targets included operation time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative bleeding, hospitalization time, the bed time, postoperative vertebral Cobb angle, vertebral body height, pain score and the length of incision operation.

RESULTSFifteen papers were finally studied, including 2 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 13 case-control studies, involving 789 patients. Compared with OPSF, the PPSF in treating thoracolumbar fracture had shorter operation time, smaller operation incision, less intraoperative and postoperation bleeding, shorter hospitalization days, fewer pain (P<0.00001), the less improvement in the change of Cobb angle (P=0.0006). There was no significant difference in the improvement of vertebral body height (P=0.36), the bed time from operation to exercise (P=0.38) between OPSF and PPSF.

CONCLUSIONCompared with OPSF, PPSF is better, safer, and has fewer pain. But there is no evidence that the PPSF is better in the recovery of the spinal height, and they have the same effect in the long-term follow-up for thoracolumbar fractures. PPSF brines minimally invasive to patients with better effect. It is worth further study and clinical research.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Pedicle Screws ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To discuss the major cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk factors and volume load of women.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult women who came to our hospital for health examination.The clinical data included age, past medical history, smoking history, drinking history, body measurements (height, body weight, blood pressure, etc.), and blood serum creatinine, hemoglobin, blood glucose, blood lipid and other biochemical indicators were detected.Using the human body composition analyzer, the extracellular fluid (ECW), intracellular fluid (ICW), total water(TBW), and ECW/TBW ratio (E/T) were used to evaluate the capacity of the cells.Total body water(TBWwatson) was Calculated according to Watson formula.The clustering of four major CVD risk factors (defined as two or more of the following: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and overweight) and their association with volume load were investigated.Volume load was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis.Hypovolaemia was defined as extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) at and under the 10 percentile for the normal population.Logistic regression model was use to explore the relationship between capacity status and risk factors of CVD.Results A total of 2 433 women (mean age (37.4±7.3) years old) were enrolled in the study, 14.7％ of them had clustering of CVD risk factors.Hypovolaemia in clustering group was statistically higher than either in the single or in the none risk factor group, which was 18.2％, 11.9％, 6.7％, respectively (x2 =45.4, P＜0.001).After adjusted for potential confounders (including age, hemoglobin, serum uric acid, estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hypovolaemia was associated with clustering of CVD risk factors, with an OR of 2.76 (95％ CI 1.93-3.95).Conclusion Hypovolaemia is associated with clustering of major CVD risk factors in women, which further confirms the importance of modifying lifestyle to reduce the burden of CVD.

Objective To discuss Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(MRS) on the localization diagnosis of primary epilepsy patients with hippocampal lesions before operation.Methods 50 patients with idiopathic epilepsy (epilepsy group) and 32 healthy volunteers (healthy control group) were underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI) and MRS examination.Results ( 1 ) MRI showed that results of examination in the healthy control group were all normal.Epilepsy group of 38 cases were found abnormal in hippocampal area,and all patients were unilateral. 27 cases of them reduced with hippocampal volume, while signal abnormality was in 7 cases, 4 cases occurred simultaneously reduced with hippocampal volume,and therer was no obvious abnormal signals in 12 cases of patients with epilepsy of hippocampus volume and signal.( 2 ) MRS examination results:the healthy control group MRS were normal.50 epileptic patients in group MRS showed that hippocampal abnormalities.The epilepsy group NAA/( Cho+Cr) ,NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr were significantly lower than those of the healthy control group;epilepsy group disease side hippocampus NAA/(Cho+Cr),NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values have different degrees of reduction,compared with the contralateral side,the value of t were 12.716,9.155,17.476,all P<0.01.(3)50 cases of epilepsy patients in the epilepsy group disease side compared with the contralateral side,the side of hippocampus NAA/disease ( Cho+Cr) , NAA/Cho,NAA/Cr values were decreased,the test values of t were 7.295,6.303,2.761,all P<0.01.(4)50 cases of operation patients underwent postoperative pathological examination of resected tissue,resection of neurons,tissue showed different degrees of reduction,microglia proliferation and neuronophagia phenomenon.Comparison of the posi-tive rate of MRS and MRI examination,χ2 =13.636,P<0.01.Conclusion Magnetic resonance spectroscopy analy-sis can play the important role in the evaluation of epilepsy surgery preoperative epilepsy,MRS examination for preop-erative diagnosis positive rate is high,the localization diagnosis with high reliability.