Objective To establish a self-made chiral column for enantiomeric separation of salbutamol. Methods We used different concentrations of acid,alkali additives in the polar phase flow for enantiomers separation of salbutamol by using 3, 4-dichlorophenyl isocyanate vancomycin chiral column, and discussed the chiral recognition mechanism. Results The ratio of acid to alkali additive in the mobile phase was 0.01%:0.01% (V/V), the flow rate was 1ml/min, the column temperature was 25℃, and the best separation of enantiomers of salbutamol was obtained,the selective factor was 1.16, the separation degree reached 1.41. Conclusion Self-made 3, 4-two chlorophenyl isocyanate vancomycin chiral column is effective for salbutamol separation, and it can be as a reference for developing other similar chiral stationary phase.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Twins

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; metabolism ; Helicobacter pylori ; classification ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Microvessels ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; microbiology ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the impact of respiratory motion on lung dosimetry using 4D-CT during lung cancer radiotherapy.Methods Ten cases were randomly selected from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated in our department.The 4D-CT machine was adopted for simulation before treatment and 10 respiratory phases were obtained for each patient.Target volumes were delineated on the maximum intensity projection (MIP) images,and plans were generated on average intensity projection (ALP) images.Plans were transferred to CT images of each respiratory phase,and we calculated the dosage on lungs and subsequently evaluated the volume dosage to lungs and the entire body.Results The mean dosage to lungs are greatly affected by the respiratory phase.This difference also depended on tumor location.When it was inside the lung,the average dosage shows the same trend as the respiratory motion,with the change rate of 2.18％,which was less than the change of lung volume 4.49％ (t =4.189,P ＜ 0.05).When the tumor was located nearby the lung,the mean dosage showed the opposite trend with respiratory motion,with the change rate of 3.76％,which was also less than the change of lung volume 4.49％ (t =25.007,P ＜ 0.05).The effect of respiratory motion on V5,V10,V20 of body was small,and the magnitude of change for whole body dosages were 0.47％,0.28％,0.17％ respectively,which was smaller than the change of lung volume 4.49％ (t =11.371,11.188,11.377,P ＜ 0.05).Volume dose of lung V5,V10,V20 and lung volume change trends were the same,and the magnitude of change for lung volume dosages were 2.39％,1.91％,1.80％ respectively,and were smaller than the change of lung volume 4.49％ (t =2.279,2.298,2.485,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The mean dosage to lungs shows a great difference between different respiratory phases.More attention should be paid when evaluating the lung volume during treatment planning.

The rapid development of silicon microelectrode arrays provides an ideal means for the study of spatio-temporal features of neuronal activity in the brain. The stability of the linear silicon electrode array (LSEA) in recording neuronal potentials and its validity in recording unit activity are investigated. The experimental results showed that during the recording of field potentials in the hippocampal CA1 region of anesthetized rats, upward and downward movements of the recording probe for a distance of 200 ?m did not affect the orthordromic and antidromic evoked potentials significantly. The data indicated that the probe movements caused very small damage to the neurons, and the recording was stable. The contact sites that located in the pyramidal cell layer acquired CA1 neuronal unit activity validly. Different types of unit activity from independent neurons were easily distinguished in epochs of recording from a same recording site. These results demonstrated the features of the LSEA, including the facility of probe manipulation, the stability of recording and the abundance of data acquirement. The data will be helpful to the researchers involved in the application of microelectrode array for neuroscience researches.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) standardized uptake value (SUV) of positron emission tomography (PET) before radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT). Methods Seventy-three patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC underwent PET to calculate SUV within 2 weeks before 3DCRT. The a-nalysis was carried out after the irradiation of 60 -66 Gy. The possible prognostic factors were assessed by Cox proportional hazards model. Results The mean SUV for squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and others were 16.94, 14.40 and 6.33, respectively (F = 0. 51, P = 0. 604). The mean SUV for tumor volume less than and more than 50 cm~3 was 13.81 and 20.18 (F = 7.54, P = 0. 008). In the univariate analysis, a cutoff SUV of 17 and chemotherapy were correlated with the prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, SUV was the only independent prognostic factor (relative risk = 2.61). Conclusions SUV is a prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC treated by 3DCRT, which deserves further studies.

Objective To explore the pulmonary function,DVH and radiation pneumonitis after three-dimensional conformal radiation treatment ofⅢphase non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods 71 pa- tients (male 52,female 19,median age 63,KPS≥80) were evaluated by pulmonary function tests before radiotherapy and in M1 and M3 after radiotherapy respectively.After 3 months of follow-up time,it reviewed the appearance and grade of radiation pneumonitis.Then V_(20),V_(30) and MLD were worked out from dose vol- ume histogram.Results All patients completed radiotherapy,and total dose was 66-70 Gy.FVC (L), FEV1 (L) and CLCO were (2.58?0.65) L,(1.85?0.58) L and (15.15?4.65)ml/(min)before radio- therapy,with (2.96?0.76) L,(2.13?0.65) L and (14.71?3.92) ml/(min) in Ml after radiotherapy, with (2.65?0.61) L,(1.92?0.52) L and (13.15?3.71)ml/(min)in M3 after radiotherapy.The ac- cidence of radiation pneumonitis was 30%,moderate and severe radiation pneumonitis was 7%.With V_(20), V_(30) and MLD increasing,the grade of radiation pneumonitis was increasing.V_(20),V_(30) and MLD were related to the change in CLCO value among before,M1 and M3 after radiotherapy,and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.2.Conclusions There is a relationship in the pulmonary function,DVH and radiation pneu- monitis surely.The change in C_LCO value between before radiotherapy and M1 after radiotherapy could pre- dict the radiation pneumonitis.V_(20),V_(30) and MLD are not only correlated to radiation pneumonitis evidently but the change in FEV_1 and C_LCO after radiotherapy.

Background Research showed that transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) promotes scar formation.But its mechanism in scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery is worthy of studying.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of TGF-β2 on myofibroblast transition of human Tenon fibroblasts (HTFs) and scarring after glaucoma filtration surgery.Methods Tenon capsular tissue was obtained from 3 patients with strabismus during the surgery and was incubated in DMEM with 10％ fetal bovine serum (FBS).The cells were collected and passaged in the free-serum medium for 24 hours,and then 1,2,5,10,20 μg/L TGF-β2 was added into the medium respectively,to induce the transformation of HTFs,and 2 μg/L or 5 μg/L TGF-β2 was used to treat the HTFs for 6,24,48 and 72 hours.The control group was not treated with TGF-β2.The expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and phosphorylation of the signaling proteins (pSmad2) in HTFs were detected by Western blot assay.The expressions of α-SMA and F-actin were located by cell immunofluorescine technique under the confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.Cell contractility was determined by collagen gel contraction assays.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Institute of Surgery Research of Daping Hospital,and informed consent was obtained from each patient or custodian initial of the study.Results The expression of α-SMA protein in the HTFs was increased significantly after the treatment of TGF-β2 in comparison with the control group and reached a peak at 24-48 hours.The α-SMA expression was gradually weakened in the 10 μg/L TGF-β2 groups.Little of α-SMA and F-actin were expressed in the control group.However,strong staining for α-SMA and F-actin were observed in the 1,2 and 5 μg/L TGF-β2 groups and then the staining weakened at the concentration of 10 μg/L.In addition,pSmad2 showed a stronger expression in the 2 μg/L TGF-β2 group than that in the PBS group and FBS group,with the strongest expression in 30 minutes through 2 hours.The untreated gel contracted (78.00±3.13)％ from its initial size,and contraction in the 1,2,5,10 μg/L TGF-β2 group were (63.88±1.78)％,(20.69±0.65)％,(19.49-±0.54)％,(16.24±0.84) ％,respectively,TGF-β2 increased HTFs contraction significantly (Fgroup =859.400,P =0.000).Conclusions TGF-β2 can induce transdifferentiation of Tenon fibroblast into myofibroblast and increase cell contractility,with a concentration-dependent and time-dependent pattern to an extent.It may be the mechanism of scar formation after glaucoma filter surgery.

Phytochemical investigation on the EtOH extract from the aerial part of Callicarpa kwangtungensis led to the isolation and characterization of 10 caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides, 2'-acetylacteoside (1), tubuloside E (2), acteoside (3), tubuloside B (4), isoacteoside (5), alyssonoside (6), 2'-acetylforsythoside B (7), brandioside (8), forsythoside B (9), and poliumoside (10). Compound 4 was isolated from the plants of Verbenaceae,and 6 was obtained from the Callicarpa genus, for the first time, while compounds 1, 2, 5 and 7 were firstly reported from the plant.
Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Catechols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Phenols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Verbenaceae ; chemistry