Deep venous thrombosis is a common and serious complication after orthopedics operation, with the characteristics of high incidence rate and death rate, its formation mechanism and the treatment is becoming more and more attention of scholars. Establishment of animal model of deep venous thrombosis can further explore the pathological process of thrombosis or dissolution, is an important means to research of thrombosis mechanism and evaluation of therapeutic method. This review discussed the basic principle of deep venous thrombosis, the selection of experimental animals and making method of animal models.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Venous Thrombosis ; etiology

Aspirin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Blood Cell Count ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; physiology ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxyurea ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Interferons ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Platelet Count ; Thrombocythemia, Essential ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy

Tumor metastasis is a primary cause of leading to death of tumor patients,and difficult to control.The relationship between primary tumor(PT)and metastasis tumor(MT)is extremely complicated. Considerable animal experiments and clinical data confirm that treatment of PT encourages the growth of MT, but the mechanism is not still fully clear.Some studies show that the density depression of antiangiogenesis factor and immune escape of tumor cell are main reasons for MT accelerated growth.This article reviews the animal experiment,clinical observation and occurrence mechanism of primary tumor treatment promoting tu- mor metastasis.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Measurement ; Phantom Limb ; therapy

Objective: To explore pathogeny and clinical effect of physiotherapy in young patients with lumbar disc hemiation (LDH). Method: Eighteen young LDH patients at 20-30 years old were administered comprehensive physiotherapy including lumbar traction, pulsed short wave therapy, pulsed magnetotherapy or low frequency modulated medium frequency electrotherapy. Before and after treatment, lumbar function was assessed with JOA scale. Result: Nine patients had specific trauma history; nine patients had sedentary lifestyle; five patients worked lor more than 8h/d in standing position; four patients had body mass index (BMI) 24-28. There was no significant difference in age, BMI and JOA scores between male and female group (P＞0.05). Patients scored significantly higher after treatment (P＜0.05). The remarkable effective rate of physiotherapy was 72.22%. Conclusion: Trauma, sedentary lifestyle, standing for long time, overweight or obesity are primary risk factors of LDH for youth and should be prevented by health education. Physiotherapy is significant efficient for young LDH patients.

AIM: To investigate the topography of the anterior surface of the human crystalline lens. ·METHODS: A Non-contact three-coodinate measuring system was utilized to scan the anterior surfaces of 8 human eye lenses in vitro. Acquired data were processed and computer models of the anterior lens surfaces were made using the program (Surfacer v 10.0). The to-pography of the anterior lens surfaces were established. Radii of curvature were measured at preset spots over the lens surfaces and two way analysis of variance was performed. The data were analysed to determine whether the radius of curvature varied systematically with the position on the lens surface from which the measurement was made. Lens surface asymmetric index (LSAI) was defined and calculated. The vertical and horizontal meridians of the modeled lens were calculated, and the best curve fit to any conic section was determined. ·RESULTS: The topography of the anterior lens surface indicated that the central zone (the central radius of curvature is (9.09±0.80)mm was steeper than that of the peripheral zone(17.05±2.20)mm. Two way analysis of variance of the radii of curvature at preset spots over the lens surfaces showed that the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Curve regression of radii of curvature at preset spots and their distances to the surface center revealed that the correlation of them was the third power function. LSAI increased steadily from the lens surface center(0.013±0.005) to the periphery(0.184± 0.065). The dots on the horizontal and vertical meridians were fit to four kinds of curves, and the determinate coefficient of hyperbola fit were the largest (0.9989-0.9999). ·CONCLUSION: The anterior lens surface is imperfectly rotational symmetric. Moreover, the nearer to the center, the more rotational symmetric it is. Radii of curvature increase nonlinearly from the surface center to the periphery. Anterior lens surface is typically hyperbolic.

0.05).Conclusion Serum leptin play an important role in puberty of girls and closely is correlated with BMI and BF% regardless of age and sex in 6-14 years old children in poor rural areas.

Objective To explore the relationship between the serum level of leptin,growth hormone(GH),insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1),insulin like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)and those modulatine effects on fetal growth.Methods One hundred and thirty-five cases of newborns were divided into 4 groups according to the relationship between born weight and gestational age.Group A:premature infants small for gestational age(SGA),n=30.Group B:premature infants appropriate for gestational age(AGA),n=36.Group C:mature infants small for gestational age,n=32.Group D:mature infants appropriate for gestational age,n=37.All infants were measured se-rum leptin,GH,IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 level with radiommunosassay(RIA).Results There were significant difference in the levels of leptin,GH,IGF-1,IGFBP-3 as group C0.05).There were positive correlation between levels of leptin,IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in group A,B and C,while,there was positive correlation between only level of IGF-1 in group D.Conclusions Leptin,IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 may play an important role in the fetal growth regulation of premature infants and IUGR infants.IGF-1 also regulate intrauterine growth of group D.Another side,in group D,Leptin,GH,IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 don't regulate fetal growth.

Objective To understand the effect of vanadium to liver ultramicro structure in SD rats.Methods One hundred and fifty generaMevel SD rats of 2 months were randomly divided into control groups,30 in each,the males and females were equivalent,treated with ammonium metavanadate at doses of 0,10,20,40,60 mg/L through drinking water.After 2,6 and 10 weeks of treatment,6 rats from each group were weighed and the changes of ultramicro-structure in the liver were examined with electron microscope.Results As the increasing of dose,the increase in body weight showed a downward trend,but the coefficient of liver showed a increasing trend,the consistent performance was seen in male and female rat.After two weeks of exposure,the rats acted,ate and drank less,hair roughing and no shining,often getting together were seen.After 10 weeks,the rats had not the basic activities,the hair was disheveled and loose,some died,the structure of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum was normal in the 10,20,40 mg/L group,the number of endoplasmic reticulum increased,in 60 mg/L group,the rough endoplasmic reticulum vanished,the liver cytoplasm had a swelling phenomenon,the mitochondria reduced.Conclusion Vanadium have little effect on the liver cells of rats in low exposure level,but high level exposure may damage the liver cells in rats.

This study is to investigate the anti-allergic effect of anthocyanidin and to explore its possible mechanism. The experiments of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction (PCA) and colorimetry were used to determine the effect of anthocyanidin on degranulation of mast cells in vivo. For in vitro study, various concentrations of anthocyanidin (100, 50 and 25 micromol x L(-1)) were added to the culture medium of mast cells cultured with 100 microg x L(-1) of dinitrophenyl (DNP) specific IgE overnight. The azelastine (100 micromol x L(-1)) was selected as the positive control. The antigen (DNP-human serum albumin, DNP-HAS)-induced release of degranulation was measured by enzymatic assay, histamine was determined by EIA, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured by Western blotting, separately. In addition, the effects of anthocyanidin on phosphorylation of NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt were observed by Western blotting. The results showed that treatments with anthocyanidin (100 and 50 mg x kg(-1)) were followed by a decrease in PCA of rats. Anthocyanidin (100 and 50 micromol x L(-1)) obviously suppressed the degranulation from mast cells, whereas results from anthocyanidin (100 and 50 micromol x L(-1)) group indicated significant inhibitory effect on histamine, the calcium uptake, TNF-alpha, IL-6, phosphorylation of NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt of mast cells induced by antigen. Anthocyanidin may suppress the anaphylactic reaction by inhibiting the action of mast cells. NF-kappaB, p38MAPK and Akt at least in part contribute to this event.
Animals ; Anthocyanins ; pharmacology ; Anti-Allergic Agents ; pharmacology ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Degranulation ; drug effects ; Histamine Release ; drug effects ; Immunoglobulin E ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Male ; Mast Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; drug effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism