Objective To explore the relationship of calcium channel,voltage-dependent,L type,alpha 1C subunit (CACNA1C) gene polymorphism with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 1 432 patients with schizophrenia and 1 153 healthy controls were selected using Ligase Detection Reaction-Polymerase Chain Reaction(LDR-PCR) to analyze the genotypes of CACNA1C gene (rs1006737 and rs1024582).Results The allelic and genotypic distributions in rs1006737 between patients with schizophrenia (A,G allele:5.3％,94.7％;A/A,A/G,G/G genotypes:0.2％,10.2％,89.6％) and healthy controls (A,G allele:4.0％,96.0％;A/A,A/G,G/G genotypes:0.4％,7.4％,92.3％) had statistically significance after analysis (P＜0.05).The allelic and genotypic distributions in rs1024582 between patients with schizophrenia (A,G allele:4.9％,95.1％;A/A,A/G,G/G genotypes:0.2％,9.3％,90.5％) and healthy controls (A,G allele:4.0％,96.0％;A/A,A/G,G/G genotypes:0.1％,7.8％,92.1％) did not have statistically significance after analysis (P＞0.05).The G allele of rs1006737 (OR=1.332,95％CI=1.016-1.746) was associated with the risk of schizophrenia(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion This research supports that CACNA1C gene rs1006737 polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia in Han Chinese.