OBJECTIVETo study the effects of various planting densities on dynamic growth and root yield of Isatis indigotica.

METHODThe planting samples were collected to measure the growth period of each organ.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONUnder different planting densities, both main root length and breadth exhibited a trend of "fast-slow" by stages. However, the number of individual plant leaves were showed a trend of "slow-fast" on growth period. Meanwhile, the leaf length and breadth were exhibited a trend of "increase-decrease". The increase of dry leaf, dry root and whole plant dry matter was faster during the period of 65-76 days after seeding. The differences of root and leaf yields under various densities were significant. Planting densities has a great effect on yield of root. It must be shown that there was a positive development between the individual plant and colony. According to the dry matter of root and leaf, treatment B (i.e., 7 cm x 25 cm) was good choice.

Biomass ; Isatis ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; growth & development

Baculoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To improve the diagnosis accuracy and treatment quality of juxtaglomerular cell tumor.Methods The clinical data of 2 female patients(20 and 36 years,respectively)with juxtaglo- merular cell tumor were presented and discussed in combination with review of the literature,including the onset characteristics,imaging features,treatment,pathology and prognosis.Case 1 presented with hyperten- sion of 180/110 mm Hg.The laboratory examinations showed that in decubitus and standing position,the plasma rennin activity(PRA)was 3.2?g - L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 36.5?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angiotensinⅡwas 54.3 pg/ml and 183.5 pg/ml;aldosterone was 193.5 prnol/L and 489.4 pmol/L,respectively;serum kalium was 2.6 mmol/L.Case 2 presented with hypertension of 210/120 mm Hg.The laboratory examination results were as follows:in decubitus and standing position,PRA was 4.3?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 37.0?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angio- teusinⅡwas 55.6 pg/ml and 200.4 pg/ml;aldosterone was 162.4 pmol/L and 506.3 pmol/L,respectively; serum kalium was 3.0 mmol/L.On CT scan,both cases had renal tumor,with the diameter of 3.0 cm and 3. 5 cm,respectively.Results Case 1 underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Case 2 who had artery stricture and severe functional injure of the right kidney underwent laparoscopic right nephrectomy.The oper- ative time was 3.0 h and 2.0 h,and the blood loss was 175 ml and 112 ml,respectively.There was no mor- tality or postoperative complication.In 1 or 2 postoperative weeks,Case 1 had blood pressure(BP)of 120/70 mm Hg;in deeubitus and standing position,PRA was 1.5?g ~ L~(-1)?b~(-1)and 12.8?g?L~(-1)?h~(-1);angio- tensinⅡwas 30.6 pg/ml and 97.5 pg/ml;aldosterone was 78.5 pmol/L and 192.2 pmol/L,respectively ;se- rum kalium was 4.2 mmol/L.Case 2 had BP of 125/75 mm Hg;in decubitus and standing position,PRA was 1.6?g.L~(-1)?h~(-1)and 12.3?g.L~(-1)?h(-1);angiotensinⅡwas 34.3 pg/ml and 83.5 pg/ml;aldoste- rone was 62.6 pmol/L and 292.5 pmol/L,respectively;serum kalium was 4.8 mmol/L.Pathology showed that the juxtaglomerular cell tumor had intact envelop.Light microscopically,the tumor was very much like a hemangiopericytoma,showing active proliferation and nuclear atypia.The immunohistochemical staining showed positive Vimentin,CD_(34)expression,and negative MSA,EMA,Bcl-2,?-SmA,AG/AG3,34?En, CD_(117),CD_(31),Iv glue,Ki-G~-(＜2%)expression.Ultrastructural changes of the nuclei and some organelles in the cytoplasm were observed under electron microscope.The conspicuous ultrastructural feature was the pres- ence of secretion granules and rhomboid-shaped,crystal-like structures in the dilated cisternae of rough endo- plasmic reticulum and vesicles of Golgi complex.The follow-up was 14 and 6 months,respectively;the renal function was normal and no tumor recurrence was found.Conelusions Juxtaglomerular cell tumor is a rare tumor which can produce renin.It is characterized by severe hypertension and low serum potassium.La- boratory examination results are helpful for the diagnosis:PRA and angiotensinⅡincrease obviously ;aldoste- rone is 1-10 times more than normal;serum kalium is commonly between 2.1-3.5 mmol/L.The definite diagnosis depends on clinical presentations,immunohistochemistry,light and electron microscopic examina- tions.Laparoscopie operation is the first choice of surgical treatment.

Objective To analyze the misdiagnosis reasons of lung lesions detected by 18 F-FDG PET-CT .Methods Twenty-seven cases of misdiagnosed lung lesions were retrospectively analyzed ,including 14 cases of benign lesions misdiagnosed as lung cancer and 13 cases of lung cancer misdiagnosed as benign lesion ,which were analyzed from the aspects of the CT signs ,lesion size , SUVmax value ,SUVmax value at two-phase PET and clinicopathology .Results The CT signs in the false positive group were mainly manifested as clear border ,uniform density and so on ,while which in the false negative group were mainly manifested as lob-ulation sign ,spicule sign ,pleural indentation sign ,and so on .The mean maximum lesion diameter in the false positive group was (3 .23 ± 0 .59)cm ,which in the false negative group was (1 .67 ± 0 .27)cm .The SUVmax mean value in the false positive group was 10 .49 ,which in the false negative group was 5 .49 .The mean increasing rate of the SUVmax by dual-phase PET-CT in the false positive group was 38 .4% ,which in the false negative group was 17 .9% .The clinicopathologic inflammatory lesion was easy to be misdiagnosed as lung cancer ,high differentiated lung cancer and carcinoid were easy to be misdiagnosed as benign lesion .Conclusion Judging the malignant or benign lung lesions should consult in the patient′s clinical data and strengthen the comprehensice appli-cation of CT signs ,lesion size and SUVmax value .

The study was designed to investigate annexin II resulting in molecular pathological mechanism of the primary fibrinolysis and establish annexin II vector model for further research on disturbance of coagulation. A target gene was amplified from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by RT-PCR. Annexin II gene fragment was purified and ligated with molecular biological recombinant technology. The recombinant of plasmid annexin II was transfected into HL-60 cells and its distribution in the cell and structure characteristics of annexin II protein were evaluated by multi-photon excitation laser scanning microscope. By means of flow cytometry (FCM) and Werstern blot technique, the protein expression was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Transfected cells were treated in vitro with annexin II antisense oligonucleotide (AS) targeting to the start site of annexin II cDNA. The results showed that the recombinant pZeoSV2(+)/ANN II was constructed successfully and expressed in HL-60 cells. The protein expression was distributed on the surface of cell by fluorescence assay. After transfection for 48 hours, the cells occurred higher level of expression. The level of the plasmin was significantly enhanced in the present of annexin II. The FCM and Western blot analysis showed the annexin II expression was similar both in transiently and stably transfected in HL-60 cells. Annexin II antisense oligonucletide and McAb significantly inhibited the activity of plasminogen. It was concluded that annexin II plays an important role in the fibrinotysis. Annexin II vector was defined as a expression tool for further studying fibrinolysis and coagulopathy in malignant disease.
Annexin A2 ; genetics ; physiology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; chemistry ; cytology ; Fibrinolysis ; Genetic Vectors ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the toxic effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).

METHODSAdult C. elegans were exposed to different concentrations of NaF (0.038 mmol/L, 0.38 mmol/L, and 3.8 mmol/L) for 24 h. To assess the physiological effects of NaF, the brood size, life span, head thrashes, and body bend frequency were examined. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis were detected as parameters of biochemical response. The gene expressions were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to assess the molecular-level response.

RESULTSAt the physiological level, the brood size of C. elegans exposed to 0.038 mmol/L, 0.38 mmol/L, and 3.8 mmol/L concentrations of NaF were reduced by 6%, 26%, and 28% respectively in comparison with the control group. The maximum life spans of C. elegans exposed to 0.038 mmol/L, 0.38 mmol/L, and 3.8 mmol/L concentrations of NaF were reduced by 3 days and 5 days, respectively. Head thrashes and body bend frequency both decreased with increasing concentrations of NaF. At the biochemical level, the production of ROS and the incidence of cell apoptosis increased with increasing concentrations of NaF (P < 0.05). At the molecular level, different concentrations of NaF exposure raised the expression of stress-related genes, such as hsp16.1, sod-3, ctl-2, dhs-28, gst-1, and cep-1.

CONCLUSIONNaF exposure could induce multiple biological toxicities to C. elegans in a concentration-dependent manner. These toxicities may be relevant to the oxidative stress induced by increased ROS production and accumulation in C. elegans.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; drug effects ; metabolism ; DNA Primers ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sodium Fluoride ; toxicity

Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; China ; ethnology ; Fatty Liver, Alcoholic ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires

To explore the effects of crude toxins from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(C. gloeosporioides)on the growth of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo(D. officinale),and to provide early basis for thescreening and cultivation of the resistant variants of C. gloeosporioides. Methods Seedlings of D. officinal werecultivated in MS medium added with different concentrations of the crude toxins from C. gloeosporioides. Theeffects of the crude toxin on the growth of seedlings were observed, and the optimum resistance -selectionthreshold was preliminarily screened. Results In the concentration range of 5％ - 15％(volume fraction),crudetoxins from C. gloeosporioides increased the plant height,stem diameter,number of new bud,root number,and fresh mass of D. officinale,among which the effect of 5％(volume fraction)of crude toxins was the moststrongest. In the concentration range of 35％ - 40％(volume fraction),crude toxins suppressed the plant height,leaf number,number of new bud,root number,and the fresh mass of D. officinale. When cultured with 20％(volume fraction)crude toxins, D. officinale was blooming, and the flowers appeared variation phenomenon.Conclusion The crude toxins from C. gloeosporioides have biological activity and certain toxicity,which can beconsidered as a selection agent instead of pathogenin in vitro to screen the resistant variant of D. officinale,butthe optimum resistance-selection threshold still needs further research.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the short-term and long-term effect of Er-yttrium aluminum garnet (Er-YAG) laser in stapes surgery.

METHODSThere were 86 patients operated by the Er-YAG laser stapedotomy from 2001 to 2007 were analyzed retrospectively, with 23 male, 63 female and 13 double ears and with the average age of 48 years old, ranging from 12 to 78. All of 99 ears suffered deafness of conduction. The average air-bone-gap (ABG) of all patients before surgery was (37.4+/-9.0) dB HL (ranging from 13.7 to 58.7 dB). The patients followed-up over 6 weeks after the surgery was regarded as the short-term result, while over one year follow-up as the long-term effect (according to the standard of the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery). The followed-up average time was (26.3+/-15.8) months (range from 14 to 73 months). The pre-post-operation average bone conduction auditory threshold of 2 kHz and 4 kHz were observed. The data of the patient whether or not has the symptoms of tinnitus and dizzy and the lasted days were also recorded.

RESULTSAfter surgery, short-term ABG of 99 ears was (15.7+/-8.7) dB, matched-pairs t test with the numbers of before surgery, t=22.79, P<0.01. The results of 45 ears (45.5%) with ABG<10 dB or air conduction improved more than 30 dB were regarded as excellence. The air conduction of 88 ears (88.9%) improved more than 15 dB was regarded as utility. With 82 ears (82.8%) followed-up more than 1 year, the average ABG was (11.7+/-6.8) dB, matched-pairs t test with the numbers of before surgery, t=23.37, P<0.01, compared with the short-term visit result [(15.3+/-9.2) dB, 82 ears], t=4.82, P<0.01, both of which were considered statistically extremely significant. Among them, 50 ears (61.0%) have the excellent effect while 74 ears with (90.2%) ABG<20 dB. The average bone conduction auditory threshold in 2 kHz was (34.5+/-15.0) dB before surgery, matched-pairs t test with short-term visit result (33.4+/-15.9) dB, t=1.96, P=0.026 14, with long-term visit result (32.7+/-15.2) dB, t=3.24, P=0.000 87, all of which had the significant difference, manifest that the Cohort's notch had been improved after the surgery. The data of bone conduction auditory threshold of 4 kHz with long-term following-up result matched-pairs t test with that of surgery before, t=0.76 (P>0.05), which showed the change of the bone conduction had no statistics difference. There were 55 ears had the persistent tinnitus before surgery, in which 42 ears (76.4%) with no the tinnitus, 13 ears with same to that of preoperative, and 3 ears (3.0%) with remaining tinnitus after surgery but who had not it preoperation and all disappeared after 2 - 3 days. There were 12 ears (12.1%) with light dizzy after surgery, but their live could deal with himself and the average dizzy lasted 2.3 days.

CONCLUSIONSEr-YAG laser stapes surgery is safe to the inner ear, and it primal free from the imminent risk in stapes surgery, so the effect can be affirmed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Audiometry, Pure-Tone ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otosclerosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Stapes Surgery ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the value of autoantibodies and serum levels of IgG4 and CA19-9 in the diagnosis of IgG4 associated cholangitis (IgG4-SC).Methods:Detect the serum IgG4 and CA19-9 of 41 clinical cases of IgG4-SC patients,162 clinical cases of non IgG4-SC patients and 40 healthy human serum samples by immunoassay and direct chemiluminescence methods, also detect the antinuclear antibodies (ANA),anti neutrophil antibody (ANCA),anti smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and anti mitochondrial antibody (AMA) of the above serum samples by indirect immunofluorescence and analyze the detection results.Results:①The positive rates of ANA,ANCA,SMA and AMA in patients with IgG4-SC were 41.46%,7.32%,0 and 2.44%.Among them,the positive rate of ANA was significantly different from that of the normal control group(P<0.01),and the positive rate of SMA and AMA was significantly different from that of non IgG4-SC group(P<0.01),and so as the positive rate of ANCA do with that of PSC group.②The number of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 increased samples were significantly compared with the normal control group (P<0.01);the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.979 and 0.646,respectively,and P<0.05.Conclusion:The high level of serum IgG4 and CA19-9 and autoantibody detection are of great accuracy and important clinical value in the differential diagnosis of IgG4-SC.