OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution characteristics of basic syndromes and its related factors in patients with chronic functional constipation (CFC).

METHODSThe complete data of 538 patients with CFC were collected and initial database was established with Epidata 3. 0. TCM syndrome typing was performed. The distribution characteristics of basic syndromes were analyzed using SPSS 17. 0 Software. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed with SPSS 17. 0 Software to determine basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, depression, mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation, and so on.

RESULTSThe TCM syndrome frequency of CFC patients was sequenced from high to low as qi deficiency syndrome (380 cases, 70.6%), qi stagnation syndrome (337 cases, 62.6%), blood deficiency syndrome (234 cases, 43.5%), yin deficiency syndrome (220 cases, 40.9%), yang deficiency syndrome (197 cases, 36.6%), and others(58 cases, 10. 8%) . Most patients were complicated with complex syndromes, and the most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome (275 cases, 51.1%) and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome (222 cases, 41.3%). Aging, work fatigue, and exercise conditions were main related factors for qi deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, defecation barriers constipation were main related factors for qi stagnation syndrome (P <0.01). Sleep quality and poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies) were main related factors for blood deficiency syndrome (P <0. 01, P < 0.05). Stimulating beverages were main related factor for yin deficiency syndrome (P <0.05). Engaged in mental work and slow transit constipation were main related factors for yang deficiency syndrome (P < 0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSCFC is featured as complex syndromes. The most common complex syndromes were qi deficiency complicated qi stagnation syndrome and qi deficiency complicated blood deficiency syndrome. Basic syndrome related factors such as age, engaged professionals, sleep quality, poor emotional (depression and anxiety tendencies), mental stress, interpersonal relations, work fatigue, stimulating beverage, exercise conditions, Western medicine type of constipation were associated with the distribution of CFC syndromes.

Anxiety ; complications ; Constipation ; complications ; diagnosis ; psychology ; therapy ; Depression ; complications ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Stress, Psychological ; complications ; Syndrome ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of the procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) combined with external hemorrhoids excision in the treatment of III or IV mixed hemorrhoids.

METHODSOne hundred and twelve patients with III or IV mixed hemorrhoids admitted for surgical treatment were randomly divided into three groups: PPH 1 group (34 cases), PPH2 group (36 cases), and Milligan-Morgan group (42 cases). PPH1 group received the standard PPH operation, PPH2 received PPH and external hemorrhoids excision, and Milligan-Morgan group received Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy. Postoperative 24 h-pain index, pain index when defecating, bleeding, anal discomfort feeling , wound edema, the ability of controlling feces, operating time, hospitalization time and charges were recorded. The change of anal dynamics was detected by anorectal manometry. All the patients were followed-up for 0.5-1 year.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences among the three groups in bleeding, anal discomfort feeling, the ability of controlling feces (P>0.05). The postoperative 24 h-pain index of PPH1 group was lower than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). PPH1 group and PPH2 group were better than Milligan-Morgan group in pain index when defecating, wound edema, operating time, and hospitalization time (P<0.05). Milligan-Morgan group was better than the other two groups in postoperative urinary retention and hospital charges (P<0.05). The change of anal duct pressure of Milligan-Morgan group was less than those of the other two groups (P<0.05). Within 0.5-1.0 year follow-up, 3 patients got thrombosed external hemorrhoid in PPH1 group, 2 patients recurred and 1 patient got thrombosed external hemorrhoid in Milligan-Morgan group, no recurred patients in PPH2 group.

CONCLUSIONPPH combined with external hemorrhoid excision is a safe and effective treatment for mixed hemorrhoids, which is suitable for mixed hemorrhoids with severe external hemorrhoids.

Adult ; Aged ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhoids ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prolapse ; Surgical Stapling

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of modified Gant-Miwa procedure with anal encircling for adults with rectal prolapse.

METHODSClinical and follow-up data of 31 adult patients with rectal prolapse undergoing modified Gant-Miwa procedure with anal encircling procedure between September 2005 and January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSOperations were successfully performed in these 31 cases. The mean operation time was 75 (range 50-165) minutes. The mean estimated blood loss during operation was 50 (range 20-80) ml. There were no postoperative complications, such as hemorrhage, perianal abscess, anal fistula, intra-abdominal infection, or urogenital dysfunction, while only 7 patients developed urinary retention postoperatively. Rate of postoperative constipation improvement was 61.5% (8/13) and defecation difficulty improvement was 69.6% (16/23). Twenty-eight patients received anal manometry 2 months after operation and the result showed that rectal sensation threshold and rectal maximal tolerance decreased significantly, while anal resting pressure and anal squeeze pressure did not change significantly as compared to preoperative values. Six months after operation, anal function was Kirwan grade I in 22 cases and grade II in 8 cases. During a mean postoperative follow-up of 2.5 years (3 months-6.3 years), 2 of 26 patients developed recurrent prolapse.

CONCLUSIONSModified Gant-Miwa procedure with anal encircling for adults of rectal prolapse is a simple and safe procedure with low recurrence rate, minimal invasion, no serious complication and mortality, especially suitable for the elderly patients, accompanied with underlying diseases or reluctant to undergo transabdominal operation.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anal Canal ; surgery ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Prolapse ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo determine the association of CD133 expression with the sensitivity to radiotherapy among rectal cancer patients.

METHODSThe clinical data of 32 rectal cancer patients was retrospectively collected for patients who received a short-term preoperative radiotherapy(5 Gy/d,×5 d) from 2008 to 2010. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were immunostained for CD133 expression. Rectal cancer regression grade (RCRG) was used to evaluate the sensitivity of the rectal cancer to preoperative radiotherapy. The correlation of CD133 expression and sensitivity to radiotherapy was analyzed.

RESULTSCD133 differentially expressed in rectal cancer tissue with 17 high expression and 15 low expression. The expression of CD133 was associated with the differentiation of rectal cancer with higher expression of CD133 among poorly differentiated rectal cancers(P<0.05). Among the CD133-high patients, two patients showed 1st RCRG, five patients showed 2nd RCRG and ten patients showed 3rd RCRG. For the CD133-low patients, there were five 1st RCRG, seven 2nd RCRG and three 3rd RCRG. There was a significant association between CD133 expression and sensitivity to radiotherapy (P=0.037). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the expression level of CD133(P=0.027) and the differentiation of rectal cancer(P=0.046) were independent predictive factors for the sensitivity of rectal cancer to radiotherapy.

CONCLUSIONSCorrelation between CD133 expression and sensitivity to radiotherapy of rectal cancer may exist, which may be helpful in predicting the sensitivity of rectal cancer to preoperative radiotherapy.

AC133 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo study whether combined detection of the methylation status of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 gene can increase the positive methylation rate in colorectal cancer.

METHODSTissue samples were collected from 90 patients with colorectal cancer, 60 patients with adenomatous polyp, and 20 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and the methylation status of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 gene was detected by Methylation-specific PCR (MSP). The relationship between clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer and gene methylation was analyzed.

RESULTSThe methylation rates of vimentin, sFRP1, and HPP1 were 66.7%, 68.9%, and 72.2% in colorectal cancer, 53.3%, 55.0%, and 50.0% in colorectal adenomas, and 0, 0, and 5.0% in healthy controls, respectively. The methylation of each of the three genes in colorectal cancer tissues was higher than colorectal adenomas and healthy controls(P<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity by combining three methylation markers was 93.3% in colorectal cancer, 76.7% in colorectal adenomas, which was higher than the sensitivity using single gene testing(P<0.05). No significant associations existed between the methylation status of the three genes and clinical characteristics including sex, age, tumor location, lymph node metastases, distant metastasis, and TNM stage(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDNA methylation levels of vimentin, sFRP1 and HPP1 are significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissue. Combined detection significantly improves the positive rate of methylation, and may be used as early diagnosis method for colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Vimentin ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the clinical efficacy and safety of cellulose on functional constipation.

METHODSA prospective, self-controlled, multicenter clinical trial of cellulose was conducted for 2 weeks in 240 patients with functional constipation according to the Rome III( criteria. Symptoms and characters of feces before and after the treatment were observed and evaluated according to a score scheme.

RESULTSIn the 240 patients, the frequencies of defecation increased and the characters of feces was improved significantly after 2-week treatment. There were no adverse reactions observed throughout the clinical trial. The total efficacy was 82.1% at day 7 and 90.7% at day 14. The satisfactory rate of doctors was 83.8% and of patients was 83.8%.

CONCLUSIONCellulose is effective and safe in the treatment of chronic functional constipation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cellulose ; therapeutic use ; Constipation ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo develop a novel dual-modified vaccine, the superantigen-linked intestine-carcinoma cells expressing membrane-bound heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and further examine its anticancer therapeutic effect.

METHODSThe pre-established intestine carcinoma CT26 line expressing membrane-bound heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was amplified and incubated with superantigen fusion protein, staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) fused with transmembrane sequence (SEA-TM), thereby the dual-modified vaccine was prepared after inactivation. The anticancer efficacy of the vaccine was examined.

RESULTSThe laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry showed that there co-existed much HSP70 and SEA on the vaccine membrane surface. Both of the single-modified vaccines, the SEA-linked vaccine and membrane-bound-HSP70-expressing one, displayed marked tumor suppression, a prolonged survival period, augmented lymphocyte proliferation and higher NK and CTL activity in the vaccinated mice when compared with its counterpart. Furthermore, the dually modified vaccine induced lymphocyte proliferation most intensively, generated the highest NK and CTL activity as well as the strongest tumor rejection in the vaccinated mice. The survival period of the mice was further prolonged.

CONCLUSIONA new vaccine, SEA-linked and membrane-bound-HSP70-expressing intestine-carcinoma cells can induce more potent anticancer immunity and produce better therapeutic efficacy.

Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Enterotoxins ; immunology ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Superantigens ; immunology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo prepare the anticolon carcinoma vaccine with rich chaperone peptide and to examine its anticancer immunological efficacy.

METHODSCT26 colon carcinoma cells were cultured in 1 mg/L Trichosanthin 1640 medium at different temperatures to induce the chaperone expression and promote the synthesis of antigen peptides. Groups of these cells treated under the different condition were lysed by the sonic disintegration, and the lysates were centrifuged. The rawpurified proteins were obtained from the supernatants by precipitating with saturated ammonium sulfate and removing the molecules below 50,000 and above 300,000 in molecular weight via dialysis. Furthermore, the proteins with the molecular weights in 70,000, 90,000, 95,000, 110,000 and 170,000 were collected through gel filtration and SDS-PAGE. The purified proteins were analysed by Western blotting, and inspected on the anticancer immunological effects including lymphocyte proliferation and the activities of NK and CTL.

RESULTSMajor of the chaperone peptides of anticancer effects in CT26 cells, including antigen peptides joining with HSP70, HSP90, gp96, HSP110 and HSP170, was satisfactorily extracted and condensed, and rich chaperone peptide composites were successfully obtained. The composites prepared under various condition could all enhance lymphocyte proliferation and the activities of CTL and NK(P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe rich chaperone peptide composites are successfully prepared via dialysis, salt fractionation and gel filtration combined with SDS-PAGE. Both the heat stress and Trichosanthin can increase the composites, which treated by 42 centi-degree heat stress and Trichosanthin are found to possess the strongest anticancer efficacy.

Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Heat Stress Disorders ; metabolism ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Chaperones ; immunology ; Trichosanthin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy, tolerance and safety between oral sodium phosphate(NaP) and polyethylene glycol(PEG) on bowel preparation.

METHODSOne hundred and fifteen inpatients were randomly divided into NaP group and PEG group. The questionnaire was designed for scoring by patients and doctors regarding to tolerance, taste, side effects and cleaning degree etc.

RESULTSCompared with PEG group, NaP presented better tolerance, lower side effects and higher rate of adequate cleaning quality(P<0.05). NaP could cause electrolytic alterations, such as hyperphosphatemia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia and hypopotassemia, but these changes were transient and without clinical significance.

CONCLUSIONSodium phosphate is safe and effective for bowel preparation, and is better than polyethylene glycol in tolerance.

Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphates ; therapeutic use ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of the Chinese medicine Huzhangdanshenyin on male immune infertility, and provide an effective therapy for this disease.

METHODSNinety men with immune infertility were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, 60 in the treatment group, treated by Huzhangdanshenyin, and the other 30 in the control, treated by prednisone, both for 3 months. The improvement of clinical symptoms, immunologic indexes (antisperm antibodies in serum and seminal plasma) and sperm indexes (semen liquefied duration, motility, viability, density and abnormal morphology rate) were observed and the results analyzed.

RESULTSThe total antisperm antibody reversing ratio of the treatment group was higher than that of the control (P < 0.01), especially the serum antisperm antibody reversing ratio. There were significant differences in the clinical cure rate and total validity rate between the treatment group and the control (P < 0.01). After the treatment, the markers of the clinical symptoms (P < 0.01), especially the serum antisperm antibody reversing ratio. There were significant differences in the clinical cure rate and total validity rate between the treatment group and the control (P < 0.01). After the treatment, the markers of the clinical symptoms were lower (P < 0.01), and the improvement of the clinical symptoms was better in the treatment group than in the control (P < 0.01), especially the symptoms of pain in the back and knees, distending and bearing-down sensation of the perineum and testis, hypersexuality and topalgias. Compared with pre-treatment, sperm motility and viability of the treatment group significantly improved (P < 0.01), and so did sperm density (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in sperm density, semen liquefied duration, abnormal morphology rate and pH (P > 0.05) before and after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONThe Chinese medicine Huzhangdanshenyin works more effectively than prednisone in the treatment of male immune infertility. It could improve the antisperm antibody reversing ratio, clinical symptoms and signs and ameliorate sperm indexes with no obvious advierse effects.

Adult ; Autoantibodies ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; immunology