The present study aimed to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (BZYQ) on Spleen-Qi deficiency rat's model using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis methods. The rat Spleen-Qi deficiency model was established as follows: oral administration of Radix Rhei extract, loaded swimming and starvation for 24 h. The body weight and motor behavior of the rats were measured and recorded once a week. BZYQ could significantly improve body weight and behavioral of Spleen-Qi deficiency model rats compared with the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). After drug administration, the changes in the levels of endogenous metabolites in the spleen including decreasing lactate, taurine and hypoxanthine, increasing glutamate and scyllo-inositol compared with the model group. The metabolomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the pharmacologic mechanism of BZYQ and it is helpful to further research.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolomics ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Qi ; Rats ; Spleen

Adolescent ; Adult ; External Fixators ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Comminuted ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the incidence,potential hazards and effective countermeasure for perforator stroke (PS) resulting from stent angioplasty of symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis.Methods Peri-operation PS complications of 258 patients receiving Gateway balloon-Wingspan stenting for severe symptomatic intracranial stenosis were analyzed.The incidence,clinical course,and prognosis of PS resulting from stenting were recorded.Special attention was given to the anatomical features,clinical manifestation and video materials of patients with PS.x2 test was used for statistics.Results Two hundred and fifty-five patients received stent angioplasty successfully and 7 patients had PS ( incidence rate 2.7％ ).The patients with basilar artery stenosis had a higher incidence of PS resulting from intracranial stenting (6.1％,4/66) than patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis (2.5％,3/118) (x2 =2.320,P =0.025 ).The potential hazards for PS included preoperative perforator stroke adjacent to the stenotic segment and prominent dissection during operation.Six patients presented symptoms after awake from general anaesthesia and one had symptoms 3 hours after stenting.One deteriorated gradually and the others reached the maximum deficit almost at once.At the follow-up of 3 months,3 patients were disabled and scored one,two,two by mRS respectively.Conclusion The incidence of PS resulting from intracranial stenting was low and the prognosis was not disastrous.Stenosis at basilar artery and preoperative perforator stroke adjacent to the stenotic segment were potential risk factors for PS complication.Proper maneuver of angioplasty may decrease the incidence of PS and improve the prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo explore the internal fixation selection and the operative method of Pilon fracture.

METHODSFrom Aug. 2004 to Aug. 2007,there were 40 patients with Pilon fractures involving 30 males and 10 females. Thirty cases were closed fracture and 10 were open fracture. Seven patients were treated by emergency operation, 3 patients were debrided and suture at first. Twenty-three patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF),the other seventeen patients were treated with LC-DCP,reconstruct plate for fixation or screw, Kirschner wire combine screw for fixation.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 6 to 32 months (means 19 months). The time of union of fracture was about 3 to 5 months. The outcome was evaluated according to Baired-Jackson criteria, the results were excellent in 27 cases,good in 7, fair in 5, poor in 1. Seven cases were found the operative incision and wound surface difficult to heal,among them 5 cases came from the emergency operation patients, 1 case was closed fracture patient. They were be healed by change of dressing or dermatoplasty or skin flap.

CONCLUSIONIt is the key factor of treatment for Pilon fractures to correct evaluate before operation and select correct operation time. It is also important to selected suitable internal fixation and good reduction.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the application of high-throughput shell vial assay in a clinical laboratory for detection of respiratory viruses from patients with ILI in Guangzhou between January and June, 2009. Methods Six hundred and fifty-two pharyngeal swab specimens were taken from ILI patents. Centrifugation-enhanced shell vials including 4 cell lines (MDCK, Hep-2, LLC-MK2 and MRC-5) were used for culture of respiratory viruses for 2-3 days. The cultures were identified by observation of cytopathic effect (CPE) , hemmaglution or hemmadsorption test as well as immunofluorescence staining. Results A total of 161 swab samples (24.69% ,161/652) were shown to have any one of the 5 common respiratory viruses including influenza A viruses ( 38. 51% , 62/161 ), influenza B virus ( 54. 65% , 88/161 ), parainfluenza viruses (4. 96% , 8/161 ) , adenovirus ( 1. 24% , 2/161 ), and respiratory syncytial virus (0. 62% ,1/161). The turnaround time was 2d for influenza viruses, 3d for adenovirus and parainfluenza viruses respectively. Conclusions (1) The shell vial method was effective, rapid and high throughout for the detection of respiratory viruses in clinical laboratories.(2)Influenza viruses were dominant in the swab samples from patients with ILI in Guangzhou between January and June with the highest appearance in the summer influenza B vires was the most common pathogen in patients with ILI in this study.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Brain Concussion ; diagnostic imaging ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of using Jiangzhi Tongluo Soft Capsule (JTSC) combined with Atorvastatin Calcium Tablet (ACT) or ACT alone in treatment of combined hyperlipidemia.

METHODSA randomized, double blinded, parallel control, and multi-center clinical research design was adopted. Totally 138 combined hyperlipidemia patients were randomly assigned to the combined treatment group (A) and the atorvastatin treatment group (B) by random digit table, 69 in each group. All patients took ACT 20 mg per day. Patients in the A group took JTSC 100 mg each time, 3 times per day. Those in the B group took JTSC simulated agent, 100 mg each time, 3 times per day. The treatment period for all was 8 weeks. Serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were observed before treatment, at week 4 and 8 after treatment; and safety was assessed as well.

RESULTSAt week 4 and 8 after treatment serum TG decreased by 26.69% and 33.29% respectively in the A group (both P < 0.01), while it was decreased by 25.7% and 22.98% respectively in the B group (both P < 0.01). At week 8 decreased serum TG was obviously higher in the A group than in the B group (P < 0.05). Compared with before treatment, serum levels of LDL-C and TC levels decreased significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the drop-out value and the drop-out rate of serum LDL-C and TC levels (P > 0.05). At week 8 the serum HDL-C level showed an increasing tendency in the two groups. No obvious increase in peptase or creatase occurred in the two groups after treatment.

CONCLUSIONJTSC combined with ACT could lower the serum TG level of combined hyperlipidemia patients with safety.

Adult ; Atorvastatin Calcium ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heptanoic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyrroles ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective To understand the current status and relative factors on knowledge, attitude, practice to contraception among college students in Beijing and to provide evidence for developing aimed contraceptive service and education in colleges. Methods Quantitative surveys were employed, questionnaire was conducted anonymously among 12 450 unmarried college students under informed consent. Results Among 12 129 students, acknowledgement of contraceptive knowledge among females was superior to males in college(P=0.000). Rates on the favor for unmarried sexual practice and 'sexual liberation' were 81.9% and 60.2% for males, comparing to 74.8% and 54.3% for females respectively. The prevalence rates for masturbation were 74.3% for males and 24.9% for females respectively. 18.4% of the male and 10.5% of the female students had ever experienced unmarried sexual intercourse. Among those students who had sexual experiences, 29.4% of the males had made their sex partners pregnant and 23.1% of the female students had experienced unexpected pregnancy. Statistical significance was found between males and females (P=0.000) in terms of attitudes and behaviors. 51.3% of the male and female students took contraceptive measures during the episode of first sexual intercourse. The excuses for not taking any measures would include: sexual intercourse happened incidentally, not interested in using condom, only one sexual experience would not cause pregnancy, etc. Conclusion The prevalence of unmarried sexual intercourse among college students had been rising. Among those who had experienced unmarried sexual intercourse, the rate of taking contraceptive measures was low and the incidence of unexpected pregnancy was high. It is urgent to strengthen the education and service programs on contraception among college students.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Hirudin on random skin flap survival in rats.

METHODS24 SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. The "McFarlane flap (3 cm x 9 cm)" rat models were established on the rat dorsum. 3 ml Hirudin (30 ATU) was injected into the flap in the experimental group, while 3 ml saline in the control group. The injection was performed for 7 days. The flap survival area in the two groups was measured. The tissue samples were taken from proximal (I), middle (II) and distal (III) portions of flaps for histologic study. The VEGF and bFGF expression was also detected with immunohistochemistry method.

RESULTS7 days after operation, the flap survival rate was (69.52 +/- 3.23)% in the experimental group, while (50.36 +/- 2.37)% in control group, showing a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0. 01). In the middle portion, tissue edema and infiltration of neutrophils in experimental group was markedly slighter than that in control group. The VEGF and bFGF expression and neovascularization was enhanced markedly in experimental group.

CONCLUSIONSHirudin can increase the survival of random pattern skin flaps. It may increase the VEGF, bFGF expression through a series of complex regulatory pathway. Then flap neovascularization is promoted and the flap blood supply is increased.

Animals ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Graft Survival ; drug effects ; Hirudins ; pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in fortified milk on physical development in Chinese school girls aged 10 - 12 years.

METHODSA non-randomized, double-blind intervention trial was carried out at nine primary schools of Beijing for two years. Seven hundred and fifty-seven girls (with an average age of 10.1 years) were recruited from nine primary schools in Beijing, China. They were divided into three trial groups, a control group (n = 259) having regular diet without milk supplementation, Group 1 (n = 238) having regular diet supplemented with 144 ml/d of calcium-fortified milk, and Group 2 (n = 260) having regular diet supplemented with 144 ml/d of calcium and vitamin D-fortified milk. Data of dietary intake and physical activities were collected by questionnaire, and height, weight, sitting height and knee height were measured before, during and after intervention.

RESULTSTwo years after intervention, the percentage increases in height and weight were significantly greater in Groups 1 and 2 than those in control group (9.52%, 9.26% and 8.59% in height, and 34.53%, 35.38% and 30.91% in weight, respectively). The percentage increase of sitting height was greater in Group 1 than those in Group 2, and then than that in control group (9.21%, 8.58% and 7.87%, respectively). The percentage increase of knee height was significantly greater in Group 1 than that in Group 2 and control group (9.00%, 8.37% and 8.44%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONCalcium and vitamin D-fortified milk supplementation could promote their physical development in girls aged 10 - 12 years.

Animals ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Calcium, Dietary ; pharmacology ; Child ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Food, Fortified ; Human Development ; Humans ; Milk ; metabolism ; Vitamin D ; pharmacology