1.Puerarin protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR4/Myd88/NF-κ B pathway in rats
Dan-shu WANG ; Liu-yan YAN ; Shu-chan SUN ; Yu JIANG ; Su-yue YIN ; Shou-bao WANG ; Lian-hua FANG ; Guan-hua DU
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2021;56(5):1343-1351
This study was to investigate the protective effects of puerarin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and the underlying mechanism. The MI/R-model was established by ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) for 60 min followed by 24 h reperfusion, puerarin (10, 30, and 100 mg·kg-1) was orally administered 20 min before reperfusion. Cardiac function, myocardial infarct index, cardiac damage markers, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis index were measured to evaluate the protective effects of puerarin on MI/R injury. The activation of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-
2.The changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and apoptosis-related gene expression in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm.
Ying-Yan FANG ; Su-Dong GUAN ; Xiao-Lei GUO ; Hong-Wei YE ; Hua-Xue WANG ; Qin GAO
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology 2013;29(3):209-212
OBJECTIVETo study the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA expressions in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm injury and analyze the related apoptosis mechanism.
METHODSThirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8): control group (saline 0.5 ml ip), endotoxin 24 h, 48 h and 96 h group (endotoxin 12 mg/kg ip, animals were killed either 24, 48 or 96 h after injections). Body weight were measured, the ratio between diaphragm weight and body weight, activities of constitutive nitric oxide syntheses (cNOS), iNOS and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were also measured. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR analysis.
RESULTSEndotoxin induced significant reductions in diaphragm mass in endotoxin 96 h group (P < 0.05). Endotoxin increased diaphragm cNOS or iNOS activities, and they were significantly higher in endotoxin 96 h group than those in endotoxin 24 h and 48 h groups, diaphragm SDH activity was reduced, and it was lower in endotoxin 96 h group than that in endotoxin 24 h and 48 h groups (P < 0.01). Endotoxin significantly increased Bax and caspase-3 mRNA expressions, and they were higher in endotoxin 48 h and 96 h groups than those in endotoxin 24 h group (P < 0.01). Endotoxin significantly reduced Bcl-2 mRNA expression and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and they were lower in endotoxin 48 h and 96 h groups than those in endotoxin 24 h group (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONiNOS is activated in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm injury. It damages mitochondria, upregulates Bax expression and downregulates Bcl-2 expression, then induces caspase-3 related apoptotic pathway. These changes may cause diaphragm injury and atrophy.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Diaphragm ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Endotoxemia ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism
3.The baculovirus enhancin.
Xiao-xia ZHANG ; Xiao-hui CHEN ; Zhen-pu LIANG ; Su-mei CAO ; Fen XU ; Guan-hua QIAO ; Xing-ming YIN
Chinese Journal of Virology 2010;26(5):418-423
Baculoviridae
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genetics
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metabolism
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Phylogeny
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Viral Proteins
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chemistry
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classification
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genetics
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metabolism
4.Intestinal absorption of pulchinenosides from Pulsatilla chinensis in rats.
Ya-li LIU ; Yong-gui SONG ; Zhi-yu GUAN ; Ling ZHANG ; Shi-lin YANG ; Meng WANG ; Zhen-hua CHEN ; Dan SU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(3):543-549
HPLC-ELSD was applied to explore the absorption mechanism of pulchinenosides (B3, BD, B7, B10, B11) in rats. The experimental results showed that the absorption rate constant, Ka value (B3, BD) and Permeability coefficient, Peff value (B3, B7) displayed significant difference (P <0.05) in various intestinal segments, The Ka value and Peff value of PRS was different from each other with the highest absorption in duodenum (duodenum > jejunum > colon > ileum); The PRS displayed excessive satuation as the concentration increased over 0.05-2.5 g · L(-1). There were no obvious linear correlations between Peff values and concentrations in duodenum (0.6007 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.7727); Ka and Peff value declined when the PRS was perfused with P-glycoprotein promoter digoxin, on the other hand, inclined when perfused with P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil with significant difference among PRS B3, BD, B7, B11 (P <0.05). All the above results demonstrated that B3, BD, B7 were greatly influenced by absorption sites, duodenum was the main absorption site; PRS didn't entirely transported in a concentration dependent manner, and the transporter-protein involved the transportation, so the intestinal absorption of the five pulchinenosides was not entirely passive diffusion; and PRS might be the substrates of P-glycoprotein.
ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1
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physiology
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Animals
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Intestinal Absorption
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Male
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Oleanolic Acid
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pharmacokinetics
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Pulsatilla
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chemistry
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Saponins
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pharmacokinetics
5.Dynamic analysis of Ca2+ level during bovine oocytes maturation and early embryonic development.
Su Li LIANG ; Qian Jun ZHAO ; Xiang Chen LI ; Ya Ping JIN ; Yi Peng WANG ; Xiao Hua SU ; Wei Jun GUAN ; Yue Hui MA
Journal of Veterinary Science 2011;12(2):133-142
Mammalian oocyte maturation and early embryo development processes are Ca(2+)-dependent. In this study, we used confocal microscopy to investigate the distribution pattern of Ca2+ and its dynamic changes in the processes of bovine oocytes maturation, in vitro fertilization (IVF), parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo development. During the germinal vesicle (GV) and GV breakdown stage, Ca2+ was distributed in the cortical ooplasm and throughout the oocytes from the MI to MII stage. In IVF embryos, Ca2+ was distributed in the cortical ooplasm before the formation of the pronucleus. In 4-8 cell embryos and morulas, Ca2+ was present throughout the blastomere. In PA embryos, Ca2+ was distributed throughout the blastomere at 48 h, similar to in the 4-cell and 8-cell phase and the morula. At 6 h after activation, there was almost no distribution of Ca2+ in the SCNT embryos. However, Ca2+ was distributed in the donor nucleus at 10 h and it was distributed throughout the blastomere in the 2-8 cell embryos. In this study, Ca2+ showed significant fluctuations with regularity of IVF and SCNT groups, but PA did not. Systematic investigation of the Ca2+ location and distribution changes during oocyte maturation and early embryo development processes should facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in oocyte maturation, reconstructed embryo activation and development, ultimately improving the reconstructed embryo development rate.
Aniline Compounds/chemistry
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Animals
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Calcium/*physiology
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Cattle/*physiology
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Embryonic Development/*physiology
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Female
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Fertilization in Vitro/*veterinary
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Microscopy, Confocal/veterinary
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Oocytes/*physiology
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Parthenogenesis/*physiology
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Xanthenes/chemistry
6.Analysis of thirteen cases with secondary coagulation disorder caused by raticide exposure.
Xing-hua CHEN ; Bi-tao DAI ; Jie YU ; You-hua XU ; Ying XIAN ; Yong-chun SU ; Jian-wen XIAO ; Xian-hao WEN ; Xian-min GUAN
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2010;48(8):629-632
OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical characteristics of secondary coagulation disorders caused by exposure to poison (raticide) in children and to investigate the diagnosis and corresponding treatment.
METHODThe process of diagnosis, clinical characteristics, response to treatment and the prognosis were analyzed.
RESULTSThe main clinical manifestation was mucosal bleeding (66.6%), including epistaxis, gingival bleeding, hematomas and so on. All these children were previously well and had no history of bleeding. Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were prolonged, factor II was undetectable and the levels of factors VII, IX, and X were lower. The fibrinogen was normal. A raticide was detected in blood and urine of 13 children although 12 of the patients had no definite history of raticide ingestion. Prothrombin complex, fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K(1) were effective in these cases. However, 2 - 3 weeks later, 6 patients presented with recurrent bleeding.
CONCLUSIONFor children with secondary coagulation disorders of unknown cause, intoxication of raticide should be considered. The administration of blood coagulation factors and vitamin K(1) are effective in early treatment, and the treatment period should be more than 2 months. The PT and APTT should be followed up. Vitamin K(1) should be stopped when PT and APTT are normal.
Blood Coagulation Disorders ; chemically induced ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rodenticides ; poisoning ; Vitamin K 1 ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use
7.Hepatocyte growth factor gene-modified bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation promotes angiogenesis in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia.
Guan-hua SU ; Yu-fei SUN ; Yong-xin LU ; Xin-xin SHUAI ; Yu-hua LIAO ; Qi-yun LIU ; Jun HAN ; Ping LUO
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Medical Sciences) 2013;33(4):511-519
Angiogenic gene therapy and cell-based therapy for peripheral arterial disease(PAD) have been studied intensively currently. This study aimed to investigate whether combining mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transplantation with ex vivo human hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) gene transfer was more therapeutically efficient than the MSCs therapy alone in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia. One week after establishing hindlimb ischemia models, Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomized to receive HGF gene-modified MSCs transplantation(HGF-MSC group), untreated MSCs transplantation (MSC group), or PBS injection(PBS group), respectively. Three weeks after injection, angiogenesis was significantly induced by both MSCs and HGF-MSCs transplantation, and capillary density was the highest in the HGF-MSC group. The number of transplanted cell-derived endothelial cells was greater in HGF-MSC group than in MSC group after one week treatment. The expression of angiogenic cytokines such as HGF and VEGF in local ischemic muscles was more abundant in HGF-MSC group than in the other two groups. In vitro, the conditioned media obtained from HGF-MSCs cultures exerted proproliferative and promigratory effects on endothelial cells. It is concluded that HGF gene-modified MSCs transplantation therapy may induce more potent angiogenesis than the MSCs therapy alone. Engraftment of MSCs combined with angiogenic gene delivery may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of severe PAD.
Animals
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Bone Marrow
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metabolism
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pathology
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Bone Marrow Transplantation
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Cells, Cultured
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Hepatocyte Growth Factor
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genetics
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Hindlimb
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pathology
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
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metabolism
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pathology
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Neovascularization, Physiologic
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genetics
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Rats
8.An analysis on the curative effects of surgical operation of 26 cases of supracondylar femur nonunion.
Lie-hu CAO ; Jia-can SU ; Chun-cai ZHANG ; Xin-wei LIU ; Hua-peng GUAN ; Zuo-dong LI
China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2009;22(1):59-60
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Femoral Fractures
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surgery
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Femur
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injuries
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surgery
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Fracture Fixation, Internal
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methods
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Fractures, Ununited
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surgery
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Young Adult
9.Report on childhood obesity in China (6) evaluation of a classroom-based physical activity promotion program.
Ai-Ling LIU ; Xiao-Qi HU ; Guan-Sheng MA ; Zhao-Hui CUI ; Yong-Ping PAN ; Su-Ying CHANG ; Wen-Hua ZHAO ; Chun-Ming CHEN
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007;20(1):19-23
OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effect of Happy 10 program on the promotion of physical activity, physical growth and development of primary-school students, and on obesity control and prevention.
METHODSTwo similar primary schools from one district of Beijing, China were selected, one as an intervention school and the other as a control school. Happy 10 program was implemented at least once every school day in the intervention school for two semesters, whereas no intervention was adopted in the control school. The information on energy expenditure and duration of physical activity was collected by a validated 7-day physical activity questionnaire. Height and weight were measured by trained investigators following the standardized procedure. Energy expenditure and intensity of each Happy 10 session was measured by a physical activity monitor.
RESULTSThe average energy expenditure and duration of total physical activity per day among students in the intervention school increased significantly from 15.0 to 18.2 kcal/kg, and 2.8 to 3.3 h respectively, whereas the figures significantly decreased in the control school. There was a significant difference in change of weight and BMI between girls in the intervention and control school (2.4 kg vs 4.6 kg, -0.47 kg/m2 vs 0.66 kg/m2). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the intervention school decreased by 0.4%-5.6%, as compared to the increase by 0.6%-4.5% in the control school. The average energy expenditure and intensity per 10-minute session ranged from 25.0-35.1 kcal, 4.8-6.2 kcal/kg/h respectively in grades 1-5.
CONCLUSIONHappy 10 program provides a useful strategy to promote physical activity among school children and also plays a positive role in building up physical growth and development of girls.
Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child ; China ; Energy Metabolism ; Exercise ; physiology ; Female ; Government Programs ; Health Promotion ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; prevention & control ; Physical Fitness ; physiology ; Schools
10.Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of avian influenza viruses subtype H9N2.
Shu-Chun LI ; Xin-Hai LI ; Shu-Guan ZHONG ; Hua-Lu SUN ; Jin-Jin PAN ; Su-Juan CHEN ; Da-Xin PENG ; Xiu-Fan LIU
Chinese Journal of Virology 2012;28(1):7-14
Samples of chicken, duck, quail, and pigeon were collected from Jiangsu, Anhui, and Hebei in 2009-2011, and sixteen H9N2 subtype isolates of avian influenza virus (AIV) were identified. The eight full-length genes of 16 AIV isolates were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Genome sequence analysis showed that the amino acid motif of cleavage sites in the HA gene was P-S-R/K-S-S-R, which was consistent with the characterization of the LPAIV, and the Leucine (L) at the amino acid position 226 in the HA genes of all isolates indicated the potential of binding with SAalpha, 2-6 receptor. All isolates had a S to N substitution at residue 31 in the M2 gene, which is related to the resistance phenotype of adamantanes. The key molecular features of 16 AIV isolates from different hosts were same. Genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that all 16 H9N2 subtype AIVs originated from F98-like virus as backbone and formed two new genotypes through reassortment with HA gene of Y280-like virus and PB2 and M genes of G1-like virus. Our findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the surveillance of H9N2 influenza virus and its direction of reassortment.
Genome, Viral
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Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus
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genetics
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Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype
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classification
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genetics
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Neuraminidase
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genetics
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Phylogeny
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Sequence Analysis, DNA