Objective To investigate the low back pain(LBP)of clinic nurses and find out the understanding of related knowledge of LBP in nurses,and improve the occupational protection of nurses.Methods Investigation was carried out in 692 nurses by self-designed questionnaires.Results The incidence of LBP in nurses was 97.4%.The knowledge of LBP and the related occupational protection in nurses were greatly deficient.Conclusions The hospital should pay attention to the protection of LBP in nurses and improve their health.

The use of the accessory nerve as a donor is one of the best possibilities for treatment of the brachial plexus in case of paralysis due to root avulsion. In this paper, a brief history of the use of accessory nerve tran sfer for treatment of brachial plexus injury and recent development in the anato my of accessory nerve are introduced. The nerve transfer methods and the effects of the accessory nerve are discussed in particular. The progress in and the dev elopment trend of the accessory nerve transfer methods are also analyzed. It is advisable that the accessory nerve is transferred to restore the suprascapular n erve so as to obtain shoulder abduction. And it is a clinical trend that the dis tal terminal branch of the accessory nerve is used and the function of the upper part of the trapezius muscle is preserved in the transfer. At last, the factors affecting functional outcome in accessory nerve transfer are discussed.

Objective To improve the recognition of the 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome(EMS).Methods Here a case with EMS was reported and the medical literature on this topic were reviewed. Results The patient was definitely dignosed and was treated with DA regimen. Conclusion EMS is a rare hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis and short life span. The small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors may bring hope in the future for patient with EMS.

Objective To investigate the incidence trends,clinical features and prognosis of ischemic colitis (IC) in China,and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of IC.Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database were searched.The ending date of search was May 15,2014.Results A total of 324 references were found,which were published from 1982 to 2013.There were 9202 cases reported,3973 cases of males and 5229 cases of females,with the male/female ratio of 1 ∶ 1.32 and mean age of (63.6±7.8)years.The amount of references and cases reported began to rise after 2002.Estimated ratio of cumulative incidence was higher in the north than in other areas of China (x2 =1097.95,P=0.000).The most common IC accompanying diseases were hypertension,heart diseases,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and constipation.There were statistically significant differences in the accompanying diseases between different regions and different times.Drugs,enteroscopy,surgery and low blood volume might be the precipitating factors.Patients commonly complained of abdominal pain,diarrhea/ desiring to defecate and hematochezia.Computed tomography was feasible in detecting lesions.Colonoscopy was the main method for diagnosis.The lesions were most common located in the left half colon including sigmoid colon,descending colon and splenic flexure,with typically in a segmental manner.Pan-colon involvement or rectum involvement rarely occurred.Type of transient lesion was the predominant subtype,which was generally managed non-operatively with good prognosis.Different from the type of transient lesion,pathological changes in gangrenous type were located in the right half colon including hepatic flexure of transverse colon,ascending colon and ileocecal junction.Gangrenous type required prompt surgical intervention but the mortality was much higher.Conclusions Incidence of CI has been increasing year by year.Patients who complain of abdominal pain,diarrhea/desiring to defecate and hematochezia should be considered as IC,particularly in the elderly women and patients with cardiovascular disease.Diseased regions are mainly located in sigmoid colon,descending colon and splenic flexure.Transient colitis is the predominant subtype,which have good prognosis.

Objective To investigate the cataract patients' awareness on the cataract diseases, treatment and major obstacles for patients to seek eye care. Design Prospective cross-sectional study. Participants All 251 patients in Jiangyan county were screened by the group of eye diseases selection in 6 months for cataract treatment performed by prevention blind surgery group. Methods Patients accepted surveys before operation. The patient's awareness questionnaire was developed in Aravind Eye Hospital, India. Main outcome measures Awareness of eye disease, awareness of treatment, obstacles of therapy and false treatment. Results 89.6% of patients were aware of the occurrence of eye disease for more than 1 year. However, it was only 0.12% of patients when they realized that their eye diseases could be treated more than 1 year,the time less than 6 months was 31.9%,and the time less than 1 month was 65.7%. The major obstacles for seeking eye care were still able to see a little, economic reason, no demand for operation, short of belief for the operation, etc. Conclusions It's high necessary and imperative to educate patient the knowledge of eye health and care. Developing economy is the radical measure in a long run to improve the cataract surgical rate (CSR) in our country. Low price service and high quality surgery is the key of improving CSR at present.

Purpose:To study HER-2/neu gene amplification and expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their clinical significance.Methods:HER-2/neu gene amplification and expression in NPC tissues were detected with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH,Vysis PathVysion TM kit) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immounhistochemistry (IHC,DAKO Herceptin Test TM kit).Results:No HER-2/neu gene amplification but gene overexpression was detected in NPC. HER-2/neu overexpression was caused by mRNA overexpression.Conclusions:HER-2/neu gene has not been amplified,but overexpressed,thus HER-2/neu gene overexpression did not show prognostic significance in NPC.

Objective To establish real-time PCR method for the detection of JAK2 V617F mutation and evaluate its clinical significance in patients with myeloprollferative disorders and leukemia.Methods 71 chronic myelocytic leukemia(CML) patients, 22 essential thrombocythemia (ET) patients, 11 primary myelofibrosis (PMF) patients, 9 polycythemia vera (PV) patients and 7 cosinophilia patients were enrolled in this study. JAK2 V617F mutation was determined by real-time PCR and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), followed by sequencing. Human erythroleukemia cell (HEL cell)DNA was used as homozygous control of JAK2 V617F mutation. The detection limit for either real-time PCR or ARMS was evaluated. Results Real-time PCR assay showed that there was a melting temperature(Tin) peak at (75.0±0.2)℃ for wild type samples and a Tm peak at (76.6±0.2)℃ for mutation type samples. JAK2 V617F mutation was detected in 8(88.9%) patients with PV, 12(54.5%) patients with ET and 7(63.6%) patients with PMF respectively. But there was only one positive case in 71 CML patient (1.4%). The results showed complete concordance with ARMS results and confirmed by sequencing. The mutation could be detected in 102 HEL cells per 106 white blood cells by real-time PCR, whereas the mutation can be assessed in 104 HEL cells per 106 white blood cells by ARMS. Thus, the sensitivity of real-time PCR was 100-fold higher than ARMS. Conclusions The real-time PCR method is successfully established for detection of JAK2 V617F mutation. This method is more sensitive, convenient than ARMS, and suitable for clinical application. There is high frequency of JAK2 V617F mutation in myeloproliferative disorders and it could be used as the diagnostic marker for myeloproliferative disorders.

Objective To observe any therapeutic effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) on patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after stroke (SHSAS) and to examine the influence of TENS on sympathetic skin response (SSR).Methods Sixty-eight patients with SHSAS were randomly divided into a treatment group (35 cases) treated with routine rehabilitation training and TENS therapy and a control group (33 cases)treated with routine rehabilitation training only.The therapy for both groups lasted 3 weeks.The severity of pain and edema of the affected upper limb was assessed with a visual analogue scale (VAS) while sympathetic skin response was recorded from the affected upper limb before and after treatment.Results VAS scores improved significantly in the treatment group,and significantly more than in the control group.There was no significant difference in the SSR latencies,amplitudes or abnormality rates between the two groups before treatment.The latencies and abnormality rates of both groups improved significantly after treatment,but the improvement in the treatment group was more obvious.The SSR amplitudes did not change significantly after treatment in either group.There was a positive correlation between the SSR latencies and abnormality rates and the VAS scores,but no significant correlation between SSR amplitude and the VAS scores.Conclusions TENS therapy combined with routine rehabilitation training showed not only good clinical results,but also significant changes in SSR among patients with SHSAS.This indicates that SSR could be used to evaluate therapeutic effects in SHSAS patients.

50 days),whereas third party skin grafts were vigorously rejected.Conclusion Blockade of CD28-B7 and CD40-CD40 ligand interactions resulted in long-term allograft survival and donor-specific tolerance in mouse cardiac transplantation without chronic rejection.

Objective To explore the cataract surgery quality on blindness prevention and postoperative problems in village in short period. Design Population-based survey. Participants 251 cases(254 eyes) received operation and 131 cases(134 eyes)were surveyed 6-month postoperatively. Methods Patients were examined 6-month after the small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and intra ocular lens(IOL) implantation. Examinations were conducted by a special oculist including far vision, near vision, external in- spection, anterior segment, posterior segment, intraocular pressure. Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, diopter, eye complications of surgery. Results Naked far vision of the operated eye more than or equal to 0.3 was 41.8%, naked far vi- sion of the eye more than or equal to 0.05 was 82.8%; corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.3 was 64.2%, corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.05 was 92.3%. Naked near vision more than or equal to 0.1 was 79.9%, corrected near vision more than or e- qual to 0.1 was 85.8%. The main postoperative complications were ametropia, posterior capsule opacification(PCO), deformed pupil, pupil displacement, pigments of IOL, eccentric IOL and intraocular hypertension. The chief reasons of eyes that could not be recovered were vitreous, retina or optic nerve diseases, the key factors that caused living vision less than 0.3 were ametropia, PCO, the disease of vitreous, retina and optic nerve. Conclusions The serious complications affecting the surgery result are limited in a low range. The most important factors of the eye corrected far vision less than 0.05 are the vitreous, retina and optic nerve diseases. In order to improve the visual sight, we should add equipment to calculate the IOL diopter accurately.