BACKGROUND:Raloxifene is the third generation of selective estrogen receptor modulators, which can decrease bone loss, increase bone mineral content, and reduce fracture risk. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of raloxifene combined with self-setting calcium phosphate cement on the repair of rabbit mandibular defects. METHODS:Totaly 36 New Zealand white rabbits were selected to prepare 8 mm×4 mm×3 mm mandibular defect models, and then randomized equaly into experimental group (raloxifene, 7.5 mg/kg per day, combined with self-setting calcium phosphate cement), drug group (raloxifene, 7.5 mg/kg per day), artificial bone group (self-setting calcium phosphate cement). Rabbits were sacrificed 4, 8 and 12 weeks later, respectively, for measurement of bone morphogenetic protein 2 using immunohistochemistry method and transforming growth factor β using a laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 4 and 8 weeks, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 was obviously higher in the experimental group than the drug and artificial bone groups; after 12 weeks, bone remodeling was basicaly complete in the experimental group, and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 became lower than that in the other two groups. The expression of transforming growth factor β in the experimental group was gradualy increased and reached the peak at 8 weeks, while in the drug and artificial bone groups, the expression of transforming growth factor β exhibited an increasing trend within 4-12 weeks, which was close to the peak. These findings suggest that raloxifene can promote early expression of bone morphogenetic proteins and early calus formation as wel as accelerate the repair of bone defects with calcium phosphate cement.

Objective To investigate analgesic effects of flurbiprofen in lower extremity liposuction for patients with primary lymphedema. Methods A total of 60 patients receiving lower extremity liposuction under general anesthesia were allocated to 3 groups:the control group (group A) received no analgesic drug 10-20 min before the end of operation, the parecoxib group (group B) received intravenous parecoxib 40 mg, and the flurbiprofen group (group C) received intravenous flurbiprofen 100 mg.The VAS was recorded at 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h after operation.Adverse reactions were also recorded . Results The VAS of rest pain and motion pain at 1, 2, 6, and 12 h were significantly lower in the group B than those in the group A (P<0.05);the VAS of rest pain and motion pain at 1, 2, and 12 h were significantly lower in the group C than those in the group A (P<0.05).The VAS at 1 and 2 h did not differ between the group B and C (P>0.05), but had significant difference at 6 and 12 h (P<0.05).No significant differences in the VAS at 24 h were observed among the three groups (P>0.05).Adverse reactions were not different among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Both flurbiprofen and parecoxib sodium can achieve good postoperative analgesic effects in patients with lymphedema receiving lower extremity liposuction .

0.05).Conclusion The propofol TCI system can be safely used in surgical operation for patients with lymphedema.

ObjectiveTo study absorbed mechanism of free bone auto-graft in cranium.MethodsTwenty-four adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of twelve each. Cranium graft or rib graft was implanted on each side of the cranium. The onlay graft was harvested at the 12th and 24th week, and the collagen fibers were scrutinized under scanning electron microscope. ResultsThe number of the bone collagen fibrils at twenty- fourth week was more than that of the twelfth week, the arrangement of collagen fibrils at the twenty- fourth week was more regular than that of the twelfth week, and the collagen fibrils of the cranium graft were more numberous and regular than those of the rib graft observed at the twelfth week, but they were similar at twenty - fourth week. ConclusionRemoding time of cranium graft is shorter than that of rib graft, but bone remoding of both cranium and rib has finished in 24th week after operated.

Background Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following cataract extracapsular extraction is a major cause of the reduction of visual acuity.Topical administration of eye drops is a research hotspot for the prevention of PCO.Objective This study was to evaluate the release of cyclosporine A-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CyA-CS-NP) by ionic gelation in vitro and its feasibility of modification of the surface of polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens (PMMA IOL) with CyA-CS-NP.Methods The CS-NP and CyA-CS-NP were prepared by ionic gelation of CS with sodium tripolyphosphate.The characteristics of CS-NP,such as the appearance and mean size,and drug entrapment efficient (EE),loading capacity (LC),and the drug release were studied ; the CyA content on the IOL surface was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The IOL surface modified with CyA-CS-NP was observed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique (XPS),the changes of elements and chemical bond types between simple plasma processed IOL and CyA-CS-NP modified IOL were analyzed.The transmittance at the wavelength of 360-490 nm and refraction of IOL were detected using back focal length method and spectrophotometer,and the effective resolution of IOL was evaluated according to the instruction of ISO/CD 11979-2.Loops anti fatigue test of IOL referred to the criteria of ISO/CD 11979-3.Results The CS-NP and CyA-CS-NP showed monodisperse,uniform appearance similar to spherical shape with a mean size of (158±18) nm and (219±29) nm,respectively.The CyA-CS-NP had high CyA association efficiency and loading capacity (64.2％ and 7.6％).In vitro release study revealed a fast release on the first day followed by a increased drug release during an 11-day following up.The sustained release was approximately 46.6％ at day 1 and 77.7％ at day 12,respectively.The surface of IOLs with cling film was smooth without CS-NP;while the edge of IOLs appeared a layer of CyA-CS-NP after modification.XPS analysis displayed some elements such as phosphonium,CNH2 and O =CN that appeared on the modified surface,indicating that CyA-CS-NP existed on the surface of IOLs edge.The mean quality of CyA on three IOLs surface after modification was 171.88 μg.The diopter,distinguishing ability and transmittance of modified IOL were (16.64±0.23) D,(90.28 ± 0.25) ％ and (73.57 ±0.62) ％,and those of unmodified IOL were (16.62±0.29) D,(90.28±0.21) ％,(73.61±0.60)％,without significant differences between them (t =0.381,0.078,2.291,all at P ＞ 0.05).The antifatigue ability of loops complied with the criteria of ISO/CD 11979-3.Conclusions The optical property and antifatigue ability of loops of the edge-modified IOLs by CyA-CS-NP reach the normal standard and meet the requirement of clinic application.The edge-modified IOLs by CyA-CS-NP can be a delivery system for intraocular drug release.

Objective To map out the binding site of P195,which is the major protein on the surface of P.falciparum merozoites,to human erythrocytes,and offer a basis for designing malaria vaccine to blockade invasion of merozoites into human erythrocytes.Methods Eight proteins derived from P195 were expressed in E.coli,and purified by Ni-chelare affinity chromatography.There after,the eight fragments and rabbit serums immunized by which were added into culture medium of P.fatciparum in vitro respectively.Twenty-four hours later,the invasion of merozoite to erythrocyte was observed.Results The antibodies which were induced by three fragments of P195,M6(Amino Acid,AA384～595),M7(AA 595～897)and M11(AA 1397～1563)could inhibit the invasion of P.falciparum merozoite into human erythrocytes.Especially,one fragment of P195,M6,had the ability to inhibit the invasion of P.falciparum merozoite into human erythrocytes.Conclusion M6,a fragment of P195 on the merozoite of P.falciparum may contain a domain thought to be involved in the recognition of human erythrocyte.The domain can be used as a candidate antigen for a malaria vaccine.

Objective To summarize the operative effect and nursing experience of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior ligament (PCL) with autologous tendons. Methods Eleven patients with both ACL and PCL were treated with surgical operation by arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and posterior ligament with autologous tendons. Before operation, supplies of surgical articles, mastery of the instrument's properties, procedures, connection mode and precautions were well performed. During the operation, the nursing measure covered also accurate, skilled and agile cooperation. Results The operation was successfully completed, with the average time of (2.7 ± 0.2)h, bleed volume of (32.0 ± 9.8)mL. No infections occurred after surgery. The Lysholm score after operation was higher than that before operation (92.6 ± 3.2 vs. 65.5 ± 3.1;P<0.01). Conclusion Arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and posterior ligament with autologous tendons has good clinical therapeutic effect. Preoperative well preparation and expertly operative cooperation are critical for the success of surgery.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To study the effects of nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB) on human hepcidin expression in fer-ric ammonium citrate ( FAC)-induced HH4 hepatocytes.METHODS:Non-transformed HH4 cells were exposed to FAC at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 mmol/L for 48 h.The expression of iron regulatory gene hepcidin was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The effects of NF-κB on hepcidin transcriptional activity were detected using chromatin immuno-precipitation (ChIP), electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and dual-luciferase reporter assay system, combined with the inhibition experiments of intracellular NF-κB activity.RESULTS: FAC at concentrations of 5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L significantly enhanced the expression of hepcidin.The results of ChIP and EMSA showed the binding of NF-κB to the upstream of hepcidin promoter.Treatment with NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 attenuated hepcidin expression.The lucif-erase activity in the cells transfected with recombinant luciferase reporter plasmid was obviously higher than that in control group.CONCLUSION:NF-κB is the transcription factor that contributes to hepcidin expression in iron overload-induced HH4 cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate effects of the arterial blood collection from radial artery,brachial artery,femoral artery and orsalis pedis artery for gas analysis of infants.Methods Three hundred and fifty two infants receiving blood collection were divided into four groups radial artery (n=92),brachial artery (n=94),femoral artery (n=73) and dorsal artery (n=53).Comparisons were done between them in terms of one-time success rate of puncturing and rate of complications from puncturing.Result The radial artery group had lowest rates of hematoma and mistaken puncturing into veins (P<0.05) and higher rate of one-time successful puncturing (P<0.001).Conclusion The radial artery is the first choice for infants undergoing arterial puncturing.

Objective To observe the effect of Jingui Shenqi Wan (JSW) on the content of calcium channel protein CaV1.3 of guinea pigs with ototoxic deafness induced by gentamicin (GM). Methods Forty healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal group, model group and high-, middle-, and low-dose JSW treatment groups. The model group was given intramuscular injection of GM ( 120 mg/kg) per day for 10 continuous days. The high-, middle-, and low-dose JSW treatment groups were given intramuscular injection of GM (120 mg/kg) and intragastric administration of JSW in the dosage of 20.3, 13.5, 6.08 g·kg-1·d-1 respectively per day for 10 days. Immuno histochemistry was used to detect the mean optical density value of CaV1.3 expression in cochlear hair cells. Results There were significant differences of the optical density value of CaV1.3 in cochlear hair cells between the model group and normal group (P<0.01), and between the model group and high-dose JSW treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion JSW has certain effect on preventing and treating guinea pig with ototoxic deafness induced by GM, thus to protect the hearing function.