OBJECTIVE: To establish a multiplex STR genotyping method for autosomal STR and Y-STR loci in forensic biological practice. METHODS: Widely used autosomal STR loci and Y-STR loci were selected. A set of PCR primers was designed, and a 5-dye fluorescent labeled STR multiplex PCR reagent kit was developed. RESULTS: A kit was developed which can simultaneously detect 15 autosomal STR loci, 10 Y-STR loci, and an Amelogenin. CONCLUSION The 15 autosomal STR plus 10 Y-STR kit in combination with capillary electrophoresis method was used to STR genotyping with accurate and reliable results. The new one-step testing kit can potentially be widely used in forensic cases and DNA databank in the future.
Amelogenin ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics* ; DNA Primers ; Databases, Nucleic Acid ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques/instrumentation* ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

BALB/c mice were immunized with purified White spot syndrome virus (WSSV).Six monoclonal antibody cell lines were selected by ELISA with VP28 protein expressed in E.coll in vitro neutralization experiments showed that 4 of them could inhibit the virus infection in crayfish.Westernblot suggested that all these monoclonal antibodies were against the conformational structure of VP28.The monoclonal antibody 7B4 was labeled with colloidal gold particles and used to locate the VP28 on virus envelope by immunogold labeling.These monoclonal antibodies could be used to develop immunological diagnosis methods for WSSV infection.

OBJECTIVETo detect breast cancer specific gene 1 (BCSG1) expression in different breast tissue, analysis its correlation with clinical parameters and evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer.

METHODSThe expression of BCSG1 was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in surgical specimens from 84 cases of breast disease patients selected randomly at XinHua Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Second Medical University from September 1999 to December 2002. Of 84 cases, 72 case were breast cancer. Statistic analysis BCSG1 gene expression correlation with clinical parameters of breast cancer. 72 breast cancers were followed up (4 - 43 months) to set up independent prognosis factor by survival analysis.

RESULTSBCSG1 was undetectable in all benign breast lesions, while was detectable in 36.1% of all breast cancer samples (26/72), in which 79.2% of stage III/IV cases were positive (19/24). The expression of BCSG1 was tightly correlated with the stage (P = 0.000) and the size of tumor (P = 0.007). Both ER (P = 0.027) and BCSG1 (P = 0.001) were the independent prognosis factor of breast cancer.

CONCLUSIONBCSG1 is one of independent tumor marker of breast cancer, the expression of BCSG1 is closely correlated to the stage of breast cancer and the tumor size. Maybe, BCSG1 is a new prognosis factor of breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; gamma-Synuclein ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo provide appropriate needling angle and depth for the acupuncture and acupoint injection at Neiguan (PC 6), and to avoid damaging nerves and vessels so as to produce its maximum effect.

METHODSThirty adults' upper-limb samples were used to dissect and observe the referred hierarchical structure and adjoining crucially nerves and vessels in needling Neiguan (PC 6) according to the national standard Acupoint Location (GB 12346-90).

RESULTSIn this punctuation region, there are three parts rich in connective tissues containing the nerves and blood vessels. The surface part is between the skin and the musculus flexor digitorum superficialis and it is the tissue which contains medial and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve and its nutrient artery. The middle part is between the musculus flexor digitorum superficialis and the flexor digitorum profundus muscle and contains the median nerve, its palmar branch of and artery. The deep part is between the pronator quadratus muscle and the interosseous membrane and contains the anterior interosseous nerve. When perpendicular needling, the depth of needling the body from skin to the superficial surface of the musculus flexor digitorum superficialis and to the superficial surface of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle is (6.68 +/- 0.64) mm and (12.37 +/- 0.87) mm respectively. The depth of needling the body from skin to the superficial surface of the pronator quadratus muscle and to the superficial surface of the anterior interosseous terminal branch of the nerves is (17.83 +/- 1.00) mm and (30.87 +/- 1.85) mm respectively, and the proportional cun is (2.20 +/- 0.14) cm. The ulnaris cord of median nerves are located at the radial of the needle. The deep layers could touch the anterior interosseous nerve ending.

CONCLUSIONPerpendicularly needling Neiguan (PC 6) for 3 fen (6.68 mm), 5 fen (12.37 mm) and 1.4 cun (30.87 mm) will stimulate the nervus vascularis of the rich part of surface, middle and deep connective tissues respectively and produce the acupuncture effect. During the acupoint injection, perforating the needle perpendicularly at the middle point of the two tendons or deviating slightly to the direction of tendon of palmaris longus can avoid the damage of the median nerve cord.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Blood Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; anatomy & histology ; blood supply ; innervation ; Nerve Tissue ; anatomy & histology

Objectives: To investigate the influence of duration of antibiotic therapy on the prognosis of patients with AML who had Gram-negative bloodstream infection during consolidation chemotherapy. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 591 patients enrolled from the registered "A Phase III study on optimizing treatment based on risk stratification for acute myeloid leukemia, ChiCTR-TRC-10001202" treatment protocol between September 2010 and January 2016 in different treatment cycles. Results: A total of 119 episodes of Gram-negative bloodstream infection occurred during consolidation chemotherapy. Excluding the 5 episodes in which fever lasted longer than 7 days, 114 episodes of infection were analyzed. The median neutrophil count was 0 (0-5.62)×10(9)/L, median neutropenia duration was 9 (3-26) days, median interval of antibiotics administration was 7 (4-14) days. Logistic regression analysis showed that there is no significant difference on 3-day recurrent fever rate and reinfection by the same type bacteria between antibiotics administration ≤7 days or >7 days (1.2% vs 3.0%, P=0.522, OR=0.400, 95% CI 0.024-6.591; 18.5% vs 21.2%, P=0.741, OR=0.844, 95% CI 0.309-2.307). Propensity score analysis confirmed there was no significant difference on same pathogen infection rate between antibiotics application time ≤ 7 days or >7 days (P=0.525, OR=0.663, 95% CI 0.187-2.352). No infection associated death occurred within 7 or 30 days in both groups. Conclusion: Discontinuation of therapy until sensitive antibiotics treated for 7 days does not increase the recurrent fever rate and the infection associated death rate. Indicating that, for AML who had Gram-negative bloodstream infection during consolidation chemotherapy, short courses of antibiotic therapy is a reasonable treatment option when the infection is controlled.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Bacteremia/drug therapy* ; Consolidation Chemotherapy ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVEThe health surveillance proposal for chromate exposed workers was provided and analyzed on the evidence-based study and then to be improved.

METHODFirstly, the related literatures were searched about liver damage, micronuclei, urinary chromium and hexavalent chromium exposure in Evidence Based Medicine Reviews such as Cochran library, OVID Medline, Web of knowledge in December 2011; and then, these literatures were reviewed in according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; 22 articles totally were retrieved, evaluated and classified in according to the grading standard by Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine.Finally, field epidemiological investigation was further adopted to confirm the efficiency and feasibility of this proposal, combined with cost-effectiveness analysis:the ratio of total cost divided survival years was used to express the cost-effectiveness.

RESULTOnly the glutamic pyruvic transaminase test could not reflect liver damage caused by chromate exposure well; Urinary chromium correlated well with the index reflecting body damage caused by chromate exposure; Binucleated cells micronucleus index in peripheral blood lymphocyte could reflect the genetic damage caused by chromate exposure. As for health economic evaluation of chromate lung cancer, the value of cost/effectiveness was ¥42 321.61 per year that was far below the value of common people (¥252 868.97 per year) .

CONCLUSIONIt was suggested that serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase test should be replaced by liver function test, urinary chromium should be classified as a compulsory index and binucleated cells micronucleus index in peripheral blood lymphocyte should be supplied as a recommended index.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Chromates ; urine ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Micronucleus Tests ; Occupational Exposure ; Population Surveillance

Objective: To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics, and prognosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with MLL gene rearrangements. Methods: The medical records of 92 adult AML patients with MLL gene rearrangements from January 2010 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: 92 cases (6.5%) with MLL gene rearrangements were identified in 1 417 adult AML (Non-M(3)) patients, the median age of the patients was 35.5 years (15 to 64 years old) with an equal sex ratio, the median WBC were 21.00(0.42-404.76)×10(9)/L, and 78 patients (84.8%) were acute monoblastic leukemia according to FAB classification. Eleven common partner genes were detected in 32 patients, 9 cases (28.1%) were MLL/AF9(+), 5 cases (15.6%) were MLL/AF6(+), 5 cases (15.6%) were MLL/ELL(+), 2 cases (6.3%) were MLL/AF10(+), 1 case (3.1%) was MLL/SETP6(+), and the remaining 10 patients' partner genes weren't identified. Of 92 patients, 83 cases with a median follow-up of 10.3 (0.3-74.0) months were included for the prognosis analysis, the complete remission (CR) rate was 85.5% (71/83), the median overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) were 15.4 and 13.1 months, respectively. Two-year OS and RFS were 36.6% and 29.5%, respectively. Of 31 patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), two-year OS and RFS for patients received and non-received allo-HSCT were 57.9% and 21.4%, 52.7% and 14.9%, respectively (P<0.001). Among patients with partner genes tested, 9 of 32 cases (28.1%) were MLL/AF9(+), the median follow-up was 6.0(4.1-20.7) months. 3 patients with MLL/AF9 underwent allo-HSCT. 23 cases (71.9%) were non- MLL/AF9(+), the median follow-up was 7.8 (0.3-26.6) months. 14 patients (60.1%) with non-MLL/AF9 underwent allo-HSCT. One-year OS for patients with MLL/AF9 and non-MLL/AF9 were 38.1% and 55.5%, respectively (P=0.688). Multivariate analysis revealed that high WBC (RR=1.825, 95% CI 1.022-3.259, P=0.042), one cycle to achieve CR (RR=0.130, 95% CI 0.063-0.267, P<0.001), post-remission treatment with allo-HSCT (RR=0.169, 95% CI 0.079-0.362, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors affecting OS. Conclusions: AML with MLL gene rearrangements was closely associated with monocytic differentiation, and MLL/AF9 was the most frequent partner gene. Conventional chemotherapy produced a high response rate, but likely to relapse, allo-HSCT may have the potential to further improve the prognosis of this group of patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Gene Rearrangement ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Middle Aged ; Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective: To analyze the clinical, laboratory characteristics and prognosis of adult early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL). Methods: The clinical data of 13 adult ETP-ALL patients from January 2009 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with non-ETP ALL patients. Results: 13 ETP-ALL patients (17.3%) were identified in 75 adult T-ALL patients, the median age of the patients was 35 years old (15 to 49 years) and 10 patients were male (76.9%). ETP-ALL patients had lower WBC count, LDH level, blasts in peripheral blood, lower incidence of thymic mass and higher PLT count compared to non-ETP ALL patients. The CR rate after one course induction chemotherapy for ETP-ALL and non-ETP ALL patients was 33.3% and 90.1%, respectively (χ(2)=26.521, P<0.001). The median overall survival(OS) was 11.33 (95%CI 0-28.46) and 25.69 (95%CI 11.98-39.41) months, respectively. The 3-year OS was 41.7% and 40.7%, respectively (P=0.699). The median event free survival (EFS) was 1.51 (95%CI 1.23-1.79) and 21.36 (95%CI 4.67-38.04) months, respectively. The 3-year EFS was 16.7% and 39.5%, respectively (P=0.002). The 3-year relapse free survival (RFS) was 53.0% and 52.0%, respectively (P=0.797). Multivariate analysis revealed that CNSL and allo-HSCT were independent risk factors affecting OS of T-ALL and ETP-ALL didn't affect the prognosis of T-ALL. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study is the first report on characteristics and prognosis of adult ETP-ALL patients in China. At total of 13 T-ALL patients (17.3%) were classified as having ETP-ALL. These patients had a lower leukemia burden and lower CR rate after one course induction compared to non-ETP ALL patients. Allo-HSCT can improve the prognosis of ETP-ALL.
Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cells, T-Lymphoid ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on hepatocellular carcinoma located in caudate lobe.

METHODSTotally 29 cases of caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma admitted from January 2001 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the 29 patients, 23 were male and the other 6 were female. The median age was 52 years. According to receiving preoperative TACE or not, the 29 cases were divided into two groups: preoperative TACE plus surgery (group A, n = 11) and surgery only (group B, n = 18). The surgical results and long-term survival were compared between two groups.

RESULTSAfter TACE, the diameter of the tumour reduced by over 33.3% in 3 patients, 10.0% to 33.3% in 6 patients, and less than 10.0% in 2 patients. The duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss in group A were (298 ± 39) minutes and (1031 ± 310) ml, respectively. The duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss in group B were (281 ± 54) minutes and (868 ± 403) ml, respectively. No significant difference was found in terms of these two groups (t = 1.006, P = 0.324; t = 1.223, P = 0.232). In addition, 6 cases in group A developed complications and 4 cases in group B did so. Only one patient died because of postoperative complication, and this patient belonged to group A. No significant difference was found between two groups (χ(2) = 0.028, P = 0.868; χ(2) = 0.633, P = 0.426). The 5-year survival rate was 56.8% in group A and 34.9% in group B. The difference did not reach significant difference (P = 0.132).

CONCLUSIONSFor hepatocellular carcinoma located in caudate lobe, preoperative TACE does not significantly increase the surgical difficulty and impair the safety. In addition, preoperative TACE has the tendency to provide benefit to long-term survival.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the safety of assisted reproductive technology (ART) with donated sperm from the sperm bank and the differences in the pregnancy outcomes of different means of promoting pregnancy.

METHODSWe analyzed and compared the feedback data on promoting pregnancy with donated sperm from the sperm bank by artificial insemination by donor (AID), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and intracytoplasm sperm injection (ICSI).

RESULTSTotally, 13 723 tubes of sperm specimens were used for ART. The number of specimens used differed in different clinical reproductive centers, some using 1 tube and others using 2 tubes per cycle. The 13 723 tubes were used for a total of 7 743 cycles. Among the 7 123 cycles of AID, there were 1 415 clinical pregnancies (19.87%), 1 221 normal births (86.29%), 169 abortions (11.94%), 6 cases of birth defects (0.43%), 19 ectopic pregnancies (1.34%), and 0 sexually transmitted infection. Among the 571 cycles of IVF, there were 367 clinical pregnancies (64.27%), 330 normal births (89.92%), 35 abortions (9.54%), 0 birth defect, 2 ectopic pregnancies (0.54%), and 0 sexually transmitted infection. Among the 49 cycles of ICSI, there were 28 clinical pregnancies (57.14%), 25 normal births (89.29%), 3 abortions (10.71%), 0 birth defect, 0 ectopic pregnancy, and 0 sexually transmitted infection. There were statistically significant differences in the rate of clinical pregnancy among AID, IVF and ICSI (P < 0.05), but not between IVF and ICSI (P > 0.05), nor were there any significant differences in the rates of abortion, birth defects and ectopic pregnancy among AID, IVF and ICSI (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNone of the recipients of the donated sperm from the sperm bank was infected with sexually transmitted diseases. AID, IVF and ICSI showed no significant differences from natural conception in the rates of abortion, birth defects and ectopic pregnancy. ART with donated sperm from the sperm bank is safe. IVF and ICSI are associated with a higher rate of pregnancy than AID, though the latter costs less than the former two.

Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Sperm Banks ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa