Objective To study the expression of red blood cell keratin 19(CK19) mRNA in the peripheral blood of the pa‐tients with colorectal cancer and the relationship between the CK19 mRNA and the pathological characteristics ,to investigate the relationship between CK19 and colorectal cancer .Methods Clinical data of patients with colorectal cancer received treatment at our hospital from 2012 to 2014 was retrospectively analyzed .A total of 160 patients were retrospective analyzed ,including 52 patients with colorectal cancer ,55 with colon polyps and 53 normal persons .The control group was the healthy subjects and the patients with colon polypsc who accept the physical examination at our hospital at the same period .The different expressions of CK19 mR‐NA of colorectal cancer ,colon polyps and the normal persons were compared .The relationship between the CK19 mRNA and the pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer was analyzed .The different diagnostic values of CK19 mRNA and CEA ,CA199 to colorectal cancer were compared .Results There were significant differences in the positive rate of CK19 mRNA between three groups(χ2 =54 .53 ,P<0 .01) .The positive rate of CK19 mRNA in the patients with colorectal cancer was the highest .The positive CK19 mRNA in the patients with colorectal cancer of different Dukes typing(χ2 =16 .14 ,P<0 .01) ,differentiation(χ2 =8 .155 ,P=0 .017) ,liver metastasis(χ2 =13 .68 ,P<0 .01) were different .And the differences were significant .The result of ROC area under the curve was 0 .947 which described the diagnostic value of CK19 mRNA to the patients with colorectal cancer .The sensitivity and specificity of CK19 mRNA were higher than both of CEA and CA199 .Conclusion The expression of CK19 mRNA in colorectal cancer is significantly increased .There is significant correlation between the expression level of CK19 mRNA and the staging ,grad‐ing and transferring of the tumor .The diagnostic value of CK19 mRNA to the patients with colorectal cancer is better than CEA and CA199 .

Objective To observe the selective regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) on fatty acid binding protein-4 (FABP4) in human syncytiotrophoblasts.Methods Cultivate normal human syncytiotrophoblast cells,and put in the specific antagonists and agonists of PPAR each subtypes receptors,then observe the different expression of FABP4 mRNA and protein.Results Pretreated the human syncytiotrophoblast cells with the agonists (GW7647,GW0742) and antagonists (GW6471,GSK0660) of PPARα and PPARβ receptors,the expression of the FABP4 was not significantly change (P＞0.05).However pretreated with PPARγ agonists (rosiglitazone,1 × 10-9,1 × 10-8,1 × 10-7 and 1 × 10-6 mol/L),the expression of FABP4 mRNA and protein could be dose dependent-promoted significantly (mRNA:1.27 ±0.12,1.45 ±0.14,1.57±0.14,1.72 ±0.12,protein:1.10 ±0.08,1.37 ±0.09,1.60 ±0.13,1.79 ± 0.14 ; P ＜ 0.05),furthermore,the promotion can be dose dependent-reversed by specific antagonists GW9662 (mRNA:0.92 ± 0.06,0.77 ± 0.06,0.64 ± 0.05,0.55 ± 0.05,protein:0.91 ±0.03,0.78 ±0.06,0.70±0.07,0.55 ±0.06; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In normal human syncytiotrophoblast cells,FABP4 is a target factor of PPARγ.PPARγ regulated the expression of FABP4 mRNA and protein selectively.And the regulation will not be influenced by the other two PPAR subtypes.

A variety of molecular markers are related to the prognosis of gastric cancer,such as the the loss expression of AT rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A),the overexpression of CD133 and survivin are releated to the incidence and poor prognosis of gastric cancer; leptin,CD44 and microRNA (miRNA) are releated to the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer; the low expression of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) contributes to the angiogenesis of gastric cancer,but the relationship between SPARC and prognosis needs further study; the expression and gene polymorphism of excision repair cross-complementing 1 (ERCC1) may be useful for choice of medication in the treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of intraperitoneal injection of compound sophora injection in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients with malignant peritoneal effusion.Methods 60 advanced gastric cancer patients with peritoneal fluid were randomly divided into two groups according to the different treatment meth-ods.A group of compound sophora injection with intraperitoneal therapy(group A),treatment 2 times per week for four weeks,Another group of compound sophora injection with vein therapy (group B),for 4 consecutive weeks.The efficacy of the two groups was compared.Results The effective rate of group A was 58.1%,which was higher than 27.6% of group B,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =5.69,P <0.05).Conclusion Intraperitoneal perfusion with compound sophora injection can improve the effect in the treatment of peritoneal effusion in patients with advanced gastric cancer,and the adverse reaction is mild,it is worthy of clinical application.

Berberine is an alkaloid initially isolated from some Chinese medicinal herbs,such as Rhizoma coptidis(Huanglian),preferable for its inexpensiveness and low adverse effects as a broad-spectrum antibiotic in the treatment of various infectious diseases.More and more investigations have shown that berberine has a great potential for the treatment of digestive tract diseases.This paper updates the recent discoveries in the clinical and basic studies of berberine for the treatment of digestive tract diseases.

AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of Ultra Q- YAG vitreolysis for vitreous floaters.
METHODS: Retrospective case series study. From September 2014 to May 2015 in Beijing Aier - Intech Eye Hospital, 263 cases (340 eyes) with vitreous floaters were involved. All patients underwent visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp, mydriatic fundus, B ultrasonic examination, and recorded the form of a vitreous opacity excluded pathological fundus lesions. All the patients were divided into two groups: Group A (<30 years old) 78 cases (82 eyes); the morphology of vitreous opacity were dot, filiform and mesh. Group B ( > 45 years old), 185 cases (258 eyes), the morphology of vitreous opacity was Weiss ring, translucent flocculent clouds or dense fibrous membrane. Patients in 30 - 45 years old were eliminated because of the untypical opacity factor. The treatment was done by the same physician. Vision changes was analyzed before and after the treatment.
RESULTS: Questionnaire survey was done. According to the scores of the questionnaires, patients were divided into 3 groups: no improvement ( 1 - 2 points), partial improvement (3-5 points), significant improvement (6-10 points ). At 1mo after treatment, Group A: no improvement in 9 eyes (11. 0%), partial improvement in 57 eyes (69. 5%) and significant improvement in 16 eyes (19. 5%); Group B: no improvement in 0 eyes, partial improvement in 23 eyes ( 8. 9%) and significant improvement in 235 eyes (91. 1%); all the patients had no complications.
CONCLUSION: The treatment with YAG vitreolysis for vitreous floaters is safe and effective, especially for the patients more than 45 years old whose vitreous floaters caused by posterior vitreous detachment.

Mucopolysaccharidosis type Ⅱ is a rare single gene inherited disorder. In the earlier studies, more attention was paid to the molecular analysis of the hot spots of the mutations. With the detection of more and more novel mutations,more studies are trying to analyze the effect on splicing of different types of mutations and the genotype-phenotype correlations. This review will introduce the progress on molecular genetics, the gene mutation,analysis of the female patients and the genotype-phenotype correlations. With the study of these progress,it suggested that more attention should be paid to the possibility of gene-pseudogen recombinations, trying to study the effect on splicing from the cDNA level, which will benefit the investigation of the genotype-phenotype correlations.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and rectal cancer accounts for a large percentage of this disease in Chinese patients. Surgical extirpation is the mainstay of therapy, Intraluminal ultrasound is highly accurate in detecting depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis, and is also helpful in preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Preoperative adjuvant therapy could down-stage tumors, improve the radical resection rates of advanced lower rectal cancer, increase the rate of sphincter-saving surgery, and decrease the local recurrence rate. Total mesorectal excision could signifi-candy decrease the local metastasis of rectal cancer, and rectal cancer resection with preservation of pelvic autonomic nerve is effective in preventing urinary or reproductive dysfunction. Recently, minimally invasive surgery has been introduced for the management of rectal cancer, and transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a new method with advantages in rectal cancer treatment.

Helicobacter pylori is able to colonize the human stomach and dwell in the human stomach for decades or for whole lifetime. A number of potential virulence factors contribute to Helicobacter pylori to colonize this unusual niche. Motility is an essential colonization factor based on the fact that nonmotile variants of Helicobacter pylori can't infect gnotobiotic piglets. Motility is not a colonization factor based on rapid loss of motility of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric lumen in vivo. The exact roles of Helicobacter pylori motility are not yet known. The aim of this article is to discuss correlation between colonization and motility of Helicobacter pylori.

Flow-diverting stent that appears in recent years is a new method for the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms.This article reviews the principles,composition,development,advantages and disadvantages,indications,main complications and some problems of flow-diverting stent.