0.05).Conclusion The isotonic contrast medium has litter effect on the renal function of the patients with high risk factors.

Objective To observe the effect of naloxone(Naloxone,NAL) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats,and to explore its mechanism.Methods 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group (Con group),ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group),ischemic preconditioning group (IPC group) and naloxone pretreatment group (Nal+I/R group).Changes of cardiac function,myocardial infarct size and occurrence of arrhythmias after ischemia-reperfusion in each roup were observed.Changes of myocardium under light microscope ultrastructural in each group were also observed.Apoptosis situation in each group was detected by TUNEL assay.Results Compared with th IR group,IPC group and Nal+I/R group showed significantly improvement in cardiac function after ischemia-reperfusion (P

Adult stem cells have great differentiation plasticity as embryonic stem cells,can differentiate into other cells or tissues,and have been a hot research spot.This article mainly analyzed the occurrence of tumor stem cells,believed that tumor stem cells are the root of tumor growth,invasion,migration and relapsing,discussed stomach stem cells,tried to search the correlation of carcinoma and stomach stem cells,and analyzed that carcinoma may be a kind of stem cell disease.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of panaxadiol saponins for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) with chemotherapy-induced leukopenia.Methods 92 NSCLC patients with leukopenia after chemotherapy were selected and divided into the observation group (46 cases) and the control group (46 cases) by random number table method.On the second day after the chemotherapy,the observation group was given panaxadiol saponins capsules,3 tablets/time,2 times/day.The control group was orally given placebo or reserpine,4 weeks for one course of treatment,the two groups were continuously treated for two courses.The clinical efficacy,number of leukocytes,improvement of TCM symptoms and adverse reactions were evaluated.Results After treatment for 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the WBC counts of the observation group were (4.48 ±0.77) × 109/L and (4.92 ± 0.89) × 109/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the control group[(4.02 ± O.93) × 109/L and (4.57 ± 0.86) × 109/L],the differences were statistically significant(t =8.24,8.41,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment for 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the TCM syndrome scores of the observation group were (24.02 ± 5.91)points and (21.73 ± 4.14) points,respectively,which were lower than those of the control group [(26.33 ± 5.08) points and (23.14 ± 3.90) points],the differences were statistically significant (t =9.68,9.63,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment for 4 weeks and 8 weeks,the total effective rates of TCM were 76.09％ (35/46) and 82.61％ (38/46),respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the control group [63.04％ (29/46) and 63.04％ (29/46)],the differences were statistically significant(x2 =10.32,8.61,all P ＜ 0.05).The effective rates of leukopenia improvement of the observation group after treatment for 4 weeks and 8 weeks were 69.57％ (32/46) and 78.26％ (36/46),respectively,which were higher than those of the control group [56.52％ (26/46) and 65.22％ (30/46)],the differences were statistically significant(t =9.38,9.51,all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in adverse reactions between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Panaxadiol saponins in the treatment of NSCLC chemotherapy-induced leukopenia can significantly improve the number of white blood cells,improve the clinical symptoms,and it has good safety.

Chemotherapy is one of the primary treatment for malignant tumors.Platinum drugs as the most commonly used cycle non-specific clinical antitumor drugs show good curative effect in the clinical treatment of solid tumors,however,resistance or cross-resistance of theplatinum analogous has become one of the main obstacles for platinum and its analogous,which limits their clinical applications.miRNAs play an important role in biology,including cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,stress tolerance,and physiological metabolism.There is a close relationship between miRNAs target gene regulation and tumor drug-resistance.This article is mainly about the role of miRNAs in tumor of platinum resistance.

BACKGROUND: The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is the important component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS). The ACE gene has, in fact,insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 16, consisting of a 287-base pair Alu repeat sequence. ACE gene heterozygotes insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is correlated with cardiovascular disease and IgA nephropathy and other diseases. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of ACE gene I/D polymor-phism in Chinese Han population in comparison with other known ethnic populations. DESIGN: Observation study on healthy individuals of Han nationality. SETTING: Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology of Jiangsu Province; Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University; Department of aboratory Medicine, College of Medical Technology of Jiangsu University PARTICIPANTS: Totally 241 healthy individuals who received the healthy examination in the First Hospital of Soochow University between December 2005 and January 2006 were recruited in the experiment. They were 152 male and 89 female , with mean age of (27±8)years. All the participants without blood relationship were Han nationality from Suzhou region in China, free from disorder of hepatic, renal, endocrine and cardio- cerebrovascular diseases which were confirmed by clinical and experimen- tal examination. METHODS: Genotype of ACE gene I/D polymorphism allele of 241 healthy individuals of Han nationality was detected with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR purified products with genotype of deletion/deletion (DD) and insertion/insertion (Ⅱ) polymorphism were performed DNA sequencing with fluorescence-labeled end termination method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Genotype and allele frequency of ACE gene I/D, as well as the comparison between them and those of other ethnic population. RESULTS: All the 241 subjects participated in final result analysis. ① The genotypes of ACE were DD, Ⅱ and ID. Compared with allele Ⅰ, allele D lost 287-base pair Alu repeat sequence. ②The frequencies of genotype Ⅱ, ID and DD were 46.1％, 41.5％ and 12.4％ respectively, with an allelic frequency of 66.8％ for allele Ⅰ and 33.2％ for allele D. ③The distribution of ACE genotype was similar between Japanese and Han nationality crowd, both presenting that type Ⅱ was commonly seen and type DD was the least; ID was mostly found in European and American crowd, but Ⅱ was little found. There was racial diversify of frequency of the distribution of ACE genotype among individuals of Han nationality and Japanese as well as Europeans and Americans. Compared with other nationalities, allele Ⅰ of individuals of Han nationality was significantly higher than that of above nationalities (χ2=105.55,P ＜ 0.01), but allele D was obviously lower (χ2=87.54,P ＜ 0.01). CONCLUSION: ACE gene polymorphism has racial diversify. To know genetic features of ACE gene polymorphism of individuals of different na tionalities is the basis and prerequisite to study the correlation of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with diseases.

The pharmacodynamics of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) administered by different routes to rats was investigated in this paper. The hypotensive effect of PGE1 was used as an index of drug efficacy, pharmacodynamic parameters such as time to reach peak effect (Tmax), maximal percentage of blood pressure decrease (Emax, %), duration of effect (Td), and the area determined after PGE1 given to rats intranasally, sublingually, intraperitoneally (ip),and intramuscularly (im), separately, and compared with those obtained from intravenous (iv) administration. Similar to iv route, the pharmacodynamic parameters of PGE1 from the other administration routes, Emax, Td and in particular AUC values were all increased with increasing doses, showing dose-efficacy relationship. Tmax was found to be approximately 3-4 min for nasal route, 3-8 min for im, 6-8 min for ip and 12-30 min for sublingual route, separately. Thus, the order of magnitude of absorption rate of the drug was as follows: nasal≈im＞ip＞sublingual. If the pharmacological bioavailability (PF) for each administration route was used as a tentative measure of drug absorption extent, the order of magnitude of absolute bioavailability appeared as follows: nasal＞im≈ip＞sublingual. Furthermore, the interindividual difference was found to be larger for im and ip route than that for nasal and sublingual route. These results indicate nasal and sublingual routes are two promising routes for the systemic delivery of PGE1 in clinical applications.

BACKGROUND:It is a key to choose an appropriate method to trans-differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)into neuron-like cells for clinical therapy of neural system injury.OBJECTIVE:To observe the feasibility of the differentiation of rat BMSCs supplemented with rat dentate gyrus extract(DGE)into neuron-like cells.METHODS:DGE was applied to induce rat BMSC trans-differentiation,using 20,40,60,80 mg/L protein concentration.Neuron differentiation was measured using Western blot to screen an optimal dosage.After trans-differentiation,different concentration treated cells were collected.Morphology change was observed following differentiation under an inverted microscope.Neuron specific enolase(NSE)and NeuN expression was determined using Western blot.NeuN expression in cells was detected using immunofluorescence technique.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 7 days,60 mg/L DGE was the optimal induction dose detected by Western blot.With increased concentration,NSE and NeuN expression was increased.At 80 mg/L mass concentration,NSE and NeuN expression was reduced.At 60 mg/L DGE,BMSCs following induction became long,with synapses,Immunofluorescence NeuN staining found that neuron-like cells were positive for NeuN following induction.Results indicated that DGE is an effective biological inductor that can induce BMSC differentiation.

Objective To determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chloroprocaine with or without epinephrine for epidural blockade. Methods Twenty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 37-55 yrs weighing 45-80 kg undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10 each): group C chloroprocaine without epinephrine and group CE chloroprocaine with epinephrine. The epidural catheter was inserted into epidural space at T12-L4 and advanced toward head for about 4 cm. After correct epidural placement was confirmed,3% chloroprocaine 6 mg?kg-1 with or without 1:200 000 epinephrine was injected into epidural space over 2 min. Onset time of analgesia , motor blockade and degree of motor blockade at 20 min after epidural injection (Bromage scale 0 = no motor block, 3 = unable to flex hip, knee and ankle) were recorded. Blood samples were taken from radial artery before and at 3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 min after epidural injection for determination of plasma chloroprocaine concentration by HPLC. Results The two groups were comparable with respect to demographic data. There were no significant differences in the pharmokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chloroprocaine between the two groups. The Cmax was (0.491?0.47) mg?L-1 and (0.32?0.22) mg?L-1; The Tmax was (8?3) min and (9?4) min; the AUC was (10?6) ?g?min?ml-1 and (7?4) ?g?min?ml-1;the K was 0.32?0.21 min-1 and 0.36?0.32 min-1 in group C and CE respectively. Conclusion Epinephrine 1:200 000 does not affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3 % chloroprocaine for epidural block.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on the spontanous rhythmical respiratory discharges (SRRDs) in the isolated medulla spinal cord preparation of newborn rats and its possible mechanism Methods Newborn SD rats (0 3 days) of either sex were used Isolated medulla spinal cord preparation was made according to the method of Suzue, et al Brain stem was severed between medulla and pons and spinal cord was severed between cervical and thoracic segments Efforts were made to keep the ventral root of the cervical spinal nerves of possible, while the medulla spinal cord preparation was being removed The medulla spinal cord preparation was placed with the ventral side facing up in the bath continuously perfused with modified Krebs solution (MKS)(3 4ml/min,T=27℃, pH=7 3 7 4, 95% O 2 5% CO 2) glass adsorb electrodes containing Ag AgCl needle were attached to the rentral root of C 4 or C 5 spinal nerve SRRD were recorded, Forty eitht isolated medulla spinal cord preparations were divided into 7 groups: groupⅠ: control group in which preparation was perfused with MKS only; groupⅡ Ⅳ: propofol groups in which preparation was perfused continuously for 3 min with different concentrations of propofol (5, 20, 50, 100, 250 ?mol/L); group Ⅶ: bicuculine propofol group in which preparation was continuously perfuse for 3min with a specific GABAA receptor blocker, bicuculine (20?mol/L) followed by perfusion of propofol(20?mol/L) for another 3 min SRRDs were recorded before and 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after propofol or bicuculine propofol perfusion Results 1) In control group, there was no significant change in SRRDs at the designated time internals 2) In group Ⅱ Ⅵ after propofol perfusion, the bursts of SRRDs were inhibited in a concentration dependent manner, but at 1 3 min SRRD showed a temporary excitation (frequency increased and expiratory time became shorter), at 5 min frequency began to slow down and expiratory time became prolonged, at 15 min in 7 out of preparations were stopped in group Ⅵ (propofol 250 ?mol/L) Inspiratory time did not change significantly after propofol in all propofol groups, but integral area of discharge (IAD) of SRRD showed some enlargement until SRRDs stopped 3) with bicuculine(20 ?mol/L) pretreatment, SRRDs did not change significantly after perfusion with propofol (20 ?mol/L) Conclusions Propofol inhibits SRRDs in a conecntration dependent manner as shown by prolongation of expiratory time GABAA receptor may play an important role in inhibitory action of propofol on the isolated medulla spinal cord preparation from newborn rats