2.The therapeutic dilemma of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis.
Ee Ling Serene TANG ; Chi Shern Bernard HO ; Patrick Mun Yew CHAN ; Juliana Jia Chuan CHEN ; Mui Heng GOH ; Ern Yu TAN
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2021;50(8):598-605
INTRODUCTION:
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign, chronic breast condition that can cause repeated abscesses or mass formation in bilateral breasts. The condition can severely impact the quality of life of affected women. This study aims to evaluate effective treatment modalities, as well as understand the demographics and clinical presentation of patients with IGM.
METHODS:
An 11-year retrospective review was performed of patients diagnosed with IGM from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2018 at a tertiary breast unit.
RESULTS:
A total of 77 patients were included in the study. The median age at presentation was 36 years old. IGM presented most commonly as a breast lump (98.1%). The median number of flares was 2 (1-12). Of the 77 patients, 68.8% (53) were treated with antibiotics, 50.6% (39) with steroids, and 44.2% (34) underwent surgery, in the course of their IGM treatment. Forty-five (59.2%) of the 76 patients with IGM required a multimodal treatment approach to achieve remission. There was no significant difference in the number of flares no matter the initial treatment (
CONCLUSION
IGM is a clinical diagnosis. It is a rare, relapsing breast inflammatory condition that affects young females with no superior treatment modality. Smoking is associated with higher number of flares of IGM and should be discouraged in IGM patients.
Adult
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Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use*
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Female
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Granulomatous Mastitis/therapy*
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Humans
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Quality of Life
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Retrospective Studies
;
Treatment Outcome
3.Topical Steroids to Treat Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case Report.
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine 2011;26(3):356-359
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare and chronic benign disease of the breast. Histologically, the disease presents as an intense inflammatory reaction with non-caseated granulomas that are the characteristic symptom of the disease. No consensus exists on the best treatment modality for this disease. In this report, we present a patient with granulomatous mastitis who was treated successfully with low-dose oral and topical steroids. Our aim here is to discuss various approaches for IGM in view of the literature and present treatment with topical steroids, which has not been reported.
Administration, Cutaneous
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Administration, Oral
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Adult
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Biopsy
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Female
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Granulomatous Mastitis/diagnosis/*drug therapy
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Humans
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Steroids/*administration & dosage
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Treatment Outcome
4.Granulomatous lobular mastitis associated with mammary duct ectasia: a clinicopathologic study of 32 cases with review of literature.
Juan CHENG ; Hua-ye DING ; Yu-tang DU
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2013;42(10):665-668
OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of granulomatous lobular mastitis and mammary duct ectasia.
METHODSThe clinicopathologic data from August 2005 to May 2013 of 32 cases of granulomatous lobular mastitis and mammary duct ectasia were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTSThe age of patients ranged from 26 to 45 years. Two patients had no history of delivery. Fourteen patients had no history of lactation or lactational disorder in the lesional side. Most of the remaining patients had history of breast feeding. Gross examination showed that the lesions were poorly circumscribed and varied from 3 to 12 cm in greatest dimension. Tiny abscess cavities, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 cm in diameter and containing light yellowish to greyish secretion, were demonstrated. Histologic examination showed granuloma formation and ductal dilatation. Eleven patients had received antibiotic treatment. Twelve cases were complicated by sinus formation related to skin incision and drainage. The duration of follow-up ranged from 5 to 90 months. Three cases showed ipsilateral recurrence and 3 cases had similar pathology in the contralateral breast. Four patients defaulted follow-up.
CONCLUSIONSGranulomatous lobular mastitis is associated with mammary duct ectasia. Accurate pathologic diagnosis is prudent for clinical management and control of local recurrence.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Breast Diseases ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Breast Feeding ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulomatous Mastitis ; complications ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Mammary Glands, Human ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies