The study was purposed to investigate the proliferation and the suppression effect of human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) on human promyelocyte cell line HL-60, and to study whether hCMV can induce apoptosis of HL-60 via direct infection in vitro and its mechanism. Promyelocyte cell line HL-60 and hCMV AD169 strain were co-cultured. PCR was used to detect the direct infection of HL-60 cells by hCMV IEA expression. The apoptosis cells were analyzed by morphologic observation, DNA ladder formation, flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI stain. The results indicated that hCMV AD169 suppressed the differentiation and proliferation of HL-60 cells in vitro significantly (P < 0.05). The suppression was dose-dependent. hCMV DNA was successfully detected in HL-60 cells of viral infection groups by PCR. The apoptotic cells were confirmed by morphologic observation and DNA ladder formation. The results of flow cytometry showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells increased along with the increase of hCMV titer and the time after infection. It is concluded that the promyelocyte can be infected directly by hCMV AD169 strain. hCMV AD169 strain inhibited the differentiation and proliferation of promyelocyte. The apoptosis of HL-60 cells can be induced by hCMV infection. With the increase of viral infectious titer and the time after infection, the percentage of apoptotic cells also increase and produce in dose-dependent and time- dependent manner. Induced apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of granulocytopenia induced by hCMV infection.
Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Coculture Techniques ; methods ; Cytomegalovirus ; physiology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; virology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells*

No abstract available.
Down Syndrome* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells* ; Leukemia*

This study was aimed to explore the expression of survivin in leukemia cells and to investigate the effect of GM-CSF on survivin expression. The survivin expressions in 37 previously untreated leukemia patients and 10 normal persons as well as in three kinds of leukemia cell lines (K562, HL-60, U937) were analyzed by RT-PCR. The HL-60 cells were treated by the proper concentration of GM-CSF, and the changes of survivin mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by using RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The results indicated that the positive rate of survivin gene in 37 leukemia patients was 67.6% (25/37) and significantly higher than that in normal control (20.0%). The expression level was higher in ALL cells than that in AML cells (73.3% vs 63.6%). Moreover, three kinds of leukemia cell lines all expressed survivin. After treating with the proper concentration of GM-CSF for 2 days, the expression of survivin obviously increased and the expression level of survivin mRNA was up-regulated by 26%, the expression level of survivin protein was up-regulated by 49%. It is concluded that the survivin gene extensively express in leukemia and its cell lines, and its expression can be obviously increased by GM-CSF.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

BACKGROUND: For acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), NCI criteria (1990) does not provide reliable information regarding therapeutic response. We studied APL cases in our hospital and evaluated various criteria for their predictability of therapeutic response. METHODS: Group I (GI) included 8 APL cases treated with chemotherapy and group II (GII), 10 cases with ATRA plus chemotherapy. Four treatment response indices were; (1) NCI criteria, (2) the percent sum of myelocyte and metamyelocyte (PSMM), (3) Differentiation Index[ (myelocyte+metamyelocyte+band neutrophil+segmented neutrophil)%/ (myeloblast+promyelocyte)%, DI], and (4) Maturation Index[ (metamyelocyte+band neutrophil+segmented neutrophil)%/ (myeloblast+promyelocyte+myelocyte)%, MI]. RESULTS: Among those achieving complete remission (CR), four of GI and eight of GII showed normocellularity or hypercellularity, two were in partial remission and three in persistence of GI by NCI criteria and one of GII showed persistent Auer rods at D14. Applying NCI criteria, the blast plus leukemic promyelocyte as leukemic cell were correlated well with clinical outcome. PSMM of GII were relatively constant as 20 to 29.7% at D28. DI showed wide variation and MI over 2 (Nakajima, 1996) did not correlate with CR by NCI criteria in 5 cases at D14 and 1 case at D28. CONCLUSION: NCI criteria are the reliable predictor of CR at D28 after chemotherapy if blasts plus leukemic promyelocytes are regarded as leukemic cell while they are inappropriate at D14. The persistence of Auer rods dose not exclude CR. After ATRA plus chemotherapy therapy, PSMM over 20% at D28 may be considered as a marker for CR.
Bone Marrow* ; Drug Therapy ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute*

PURPOSE: Many studies for hematopoietic stem cell have investigated CD133, instead of CD34, as a new surrogate stem cell marker. Counterflow centrifugal elutriation (CCE) is a physical separation of a homogeneous cell population through cell sedimentation characteristics. We evaluated the stem cell distribution and hematopoietic function from cord blood (CB) and bone marrow (BM) through CCE. METHODS: We obtained total nucleated cells from CB and BM, and separated the cell fractions according to media infusion flow rates (17 mL/min (FR 17), 24 mL/min (FR 24), 29 mL/min (FR 29), and rotor off (R/O) ) by CCE. We analyzed the proportion of CD34+ and CD133+ cells in each fraction, and performed methylcellulose-based colony assay. RESULTS: In CB, the cell recovery rates after CCE were 5.9+/-4.3% in FR 17, 4.2+/-2.1% in FR 24, 19.4+/-11.9% in FR 29, and 61.9+/-11.7% in R/O. In BM, they were 14.9+/-8.2% in FR 17, 17.4+/-13.4% in FR 24, 23.6+/-6.11% in FR 29, and 27.1+/-8.9% in R/O. The distributions of CD133+ and CD34+ cells in CB were more abundant in R/O (2.91%, 1.85%) than in other fractions. In BM, CD133+ and CD34+ cell rates in R/O (5.40%, 2.75%) were similar with those in unmanipulated BM (5.48%, 2.78%). In both CB and BM, there was more CFU-GM and BFU-E in R/O than in other fractions. CONCLUSION: We suggested that the distribution of CD34+ and CD133+ cells might be different between CB and BM. However, the R/O containing relatively large cells could have an effective clonogenicity compared with the unmanipulated sample in both CB and BM.
Bone Marrow* ; Erythroid Precursor Cells ; Fetal Blood* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Stem Cells

We have experienced a case of Di Guglielmo Syndrome in a 15 years old girl who had the cheif complaints of dizziness, gereral malaise and fine pustules around the nose. It is a systemic hemopathy characterized by abnormal proliferation of defective erythroid and myeloid cells and is a rare disease in childhood. The peripheral blood showed many rubriblasts, myeloblasts, metamyelocytes and bone marrow also showed atypical prorubricytes and bizzar multinucleated rubriblasts. Brief review of related literatures was made.
Adolescent ; Bone Marrow ; Dizziness ; Female ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Humans ; Myeloid Cells ; Nose ; Rare Diseases

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a lymphoid malignancy characterized by impaired differentiation and proliferation of leukemic myeloblasts. Normal hematopoietic cells are replaced by excess myeloblasts, causing bone marrow failure. Therefore, patients with ALL typically present with symptoms related to infection, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Extramedullary involvement of ALL as an initial presenting symptom has rarely been reported in adults, although several such cases of relapse have been described. Isolated extramedullary manifestations may lead to a late diagnosis of ALL. We describe herein a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL presenting with an extramedullary bone tumor.
Adult* ; Anemia ; Bone Marrow ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Recurrence ; Thrombocytopenia

A 4-day-old patient with Down syndrome (DS) visited out patient department (OPD) because of jaundice and VSD. Peripheral blood smear showed 21% of myeloblast. After 4 weeks of observation, WBC count was 55,100/mm3 (blast 90%). BM aspirate showed AML (M7) and treatment was started with low dose Ara-C (20 mg/m2 for 21 days). After remission, maintenance therapy was done with low dose Ara-C (16 mg/m2 for 21 days), 6-TG (40 mg/m2 for 21 days) and low dose IL-2 (0.5 106U/m2 for 21 days) alternatively for 2 years. The patient remained in complete remission and VSD was corrected at 9 months of age. This case shows that remission can be achieved with low dose Ara-C and it can be maintained thereafter with low dose Ara-C, 6-TG and IL-2. Low dose IL-2 has the advantage of selectively activating immune cells with high affinity receptors, low treatment related morbidity, good compliance which can be injected at OPD. As the patients with DS have defect in IL-2 secretion, IL-2 may have an beneficial effects on treating AML in DS.
Compliance ; Cytarabine ; Down Syndrome* ; Drug Therapy* ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Humans ; Interleukin-2* ; Jaundice ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

Granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor composed of granulocytic precursor cells. It usually presents as a nodular mass in the course of acute myelogenous leukemia. Rarely, the tumor develops in non-hematological conditions or in a patient with complete remission from the acute myelogenous leukemia. In such cases, aleukemic granulocytic sarcoma can be a preceding sign of systemic leukemia or a first sign of hematologic relapse of leukemia. We present an unusual case of multiple granulocytic sarcomas developed in a patient with longstanding complete remission of acute myelogenous leukemia, who has not had bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement for a long time.
Bone Marrow ; Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma, Myeloid