A 24-year-old male was admitted due to recurrent redness, swelling, fever and pain in the ankle, frequently accompanied by hungry feeling. Dual energy CT scans showed multiple small gouty stones in the posterior edge of the bilateral calcaneus and in the space between the bilateral metatarsophalangeal joints. The laboratory examination results indicated hyperlipidemia, high lactate lipids, and low fasting blood glucose. Histopathology of liver biopsy showed significant glycogen accumulation. The results of gene sequencing revealed the compound heterozygous mutations of the G6PC gene c.248G>A (p.Arg83His) and c.238T>A (p.Phe80Ile) in the proband. The c.248G>A mutation was from mother and the c.238T>A mutation was from father. The diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type Ⅰa was confirmed. After giving a high starch diet and limiting monosaccharide intake, as well as receiving uric acid and blood lipids lowering therapy, the condition of the patient was gradually stabilized. After a one-year follow-up, there were no acute episodes of gout and a significant improvement in hungry feeling in the patient.
Male ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I/genetics* ; Gout/genetics* ; Mutation ; Lipids

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of a Chinese pedigree affected by glycogen storage disease (GSD) type Ia with gout as the first manifestation. METHODS: Clinical and biochemical data of the pedigree were collected. Available members of the pedigree were subjected to gene sequencing, and the result was analyzed by bioinformatics software. The pedigree was followed up for five years. RESULTS: The proband was a young female manifesting recurrent gout flare, hypoglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. One of her younger brothers also presented with dysplasia and hepatic adenoma. Gene sequencing revealed that the proband and her younger brother both harbored c.1022T>A (p.I1e341Asn) and c.230+5G>A compound heterozygous variants of the G6PC gene , which were inherited from their father and mother, respectively. Among these, the c.230+5G>A is an intron region variant which was unreported previously, and bioinformatics analysis showed that it may impact mRNA splicing of the gene. The proband was treated with raw corn starch, allopurinol, and fenofibrate. Gout was well controlled, and she had given birth to a baby girl without GSD. CONCLUSION GSD Ia should be considered among young gout patients with hypoglycemia and hepatomegaly, for which gene sequencing is warranted. GSD Ia has a good prognosis after comprehensive treatment with diet and medicine.
China ; Female ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I ; Gout/genetics* ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Male ; Pedigree ; Symptom Flare Up

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Gout ; genetics ; Humans ; Receptors, IgG ; genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-17 ; genetics

Adult ; Genetic Background ; Gout ; diagnosis ; genetics ; urine ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; urine ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; urine ; Male ; Uric Acid ; urine ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of susceptibility genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with liability to gout among ethnic Han Chinese males from coastal region of Shandong province. METHODS Seven SNPs within the susceptibility genes of T2DM, including rs10773971(G/C) and rs4766398(G/C) of WNT5B gene, rs10225163(G/C) of JAZF1 gene, rs2069590(T/A) of BDKRB2 gene, rs5745709(G/A) of HGF gene, rs1991914(C/A) of OTOP1 gene and rs2236479(G/A) of COL18A1 gene, were typed with a custom-made Illumina GoldenGate Genotyping assay in 480 male patients with gout and 480 male controls. Potential association was assessed with the chi-square test. RESULTS No significant difference was detected for the 7 selected SNPs in terms of genotypic and allelic frequencies (P > 0.05). When age and body mass index (BMI) were adjusted, the 7 genetic variants still showed no significant association with gout. CONCLUSION The genotypes of the 7 selected SNPs are not associated with gout in ethnic Han Chinese male patients from the coastal region of Shandong province. However, the results need to be replicated in larger sets of patients collected from other regions and populations.
Adult ; Aged ; China ; ethnology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Gout ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of cytochrome P450 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to gout in ethnic Han males from coastal regions of Shandong province.

METHODSFour hundred and eighty male patients with gout and 480 healthy male controls were included. Genotyping was carried out with a custom Illumina GoldenGate Genotyping assay to detect SNP rs2275620 of CYP2C8 gene, SNP rs2070676 of CYP2E1 gene, SNP rs837395 of CYP4B1 gene, and SNP rs194150 of TBXAS1 gene. The association was assessed with chi-square test.

RESULTSNo significant difference has been found between the two groups in regard to the genotypic and allelic frequencies of the TT, AT, AA genotypes and A, T alleles of the SNP rs2275620 of the CYP2C8 gene (P=0.88; P=0.97), the CC, CG, GG genotypes and C,G alleles of SNP rs2070676 of the CYP2E1 gene (P=0.24; P=0.09), the TT, AT, AA genotypes and A, T alleles of SNP rs837395 of the CYP4B1 (P=0.88; P=0.97), and TT, AT, AA genotypes and the A,T alleles of SNP rs194150 of TBXAS1 gene (P=0.15; P=0.06).

CONCLUSIONThis study has identified no association of SNP loci rs2275620(A/T) of CYP2C8, rs2070676(C/G) of CYP2E1, rs837395(A/T) of CYP4B1 and rs194150(A/T) of TBXAS1 with gout in ethnic Han males from coastal regions in Shandong province. However, our result needs to be replicated in larger sets of patients collected from other regions and populations.

Adult ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 ; genetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; genetics ; Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Gout ; enzymology ; ethnology ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Thromboxane-A Synthase ; genetics

Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN; OMIM 162000) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis due to reduced kidney excretion of uric acid and progressive renal failure. Gradual progressive interstitial renal disease, with basement membrane thickening and glomerulosclerosis resulting from fibrosis, starts in early life. In most cases of FJHN, uromodulin gene (UMOD) is responsible for the disease; however, there has been only one report of a genetically confirmed FJHN family in Korea. Here we report another Korean family with FJHN, in which three male members. a father and 2 sons.developed gout and progressive renal insufficiency. The clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings were consistent with FJHN, and renal biopsy showed chronic parenchymal damage, which can be found in FJHN but is not specific to this disease. In order to confirm the diagnosis, sequence analysis of the UMOD was performed, and a novel heterozygous missense variant (c.187T>C; p.Cys63Arg) in exon 3 was identified. We assume that this variant is likely to be the causative mutation in this family, as the variant segregated with the disease. In addition, approximately two-thirds of the known mutations lead to a cysteine amino acid change in uromodulin, and all such variants have been shown to cause UMOD-associated kidney disease. In summary, we report a Korean FJHN family with three affected members by genetic analysis of the UMOD, and provide the first report of a novel heterozygous missense mutation.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Exons ; Gout/*genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/*genetics ; Kidney Diseases/*genetics ; Male ; *Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Republic of Korea ; Uromodulin/chemistry/*genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the association between a C421A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 5 of ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 2 (ABCG2) gene and susceptibility of primary gout in Han Chinese males.

METHODSFor 200 male patients with primary gout and 235 controls, the genotype of C421A locus was analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing. Blood glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and urea nitrogen was measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer.

RESULTSCompared with the controls, there was a higher frequency for AA genotype and A allele of the rs2231142 SNP in gout patients (22.5% vs. 8.5% by genotype; 44.9% vs. 32.3% by allele). The association with gout reached significance (chi-square =15.91, P< 0.001, crude OR=3.02, 95% CI:1.36-4.90 and OR (adjusted by age)=1.80, 95% CI: 1.32-2.45 by dominant mode; chi-square=6.82, P=0.009, OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.54-2.27 by recessive mode). Blood glucose, uric acid, triglycerides, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in gout patients were significantly higher than those of controls (P< 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe C421A SNP, in particular AA phenotype, may be associated with susceptibility of primary gout in Han Chinese males.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family G, Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Gout ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVETo study the preventive and therapeutic effects of total saponin of Dioscorea (TSD) on chronic hyperuricemia, and its effect on urate transporter 1 (URAT1) in rats.

METHODNinety male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the normal group, the model group, TSD high-, medium- and low-dose (300, 100, 30 mg x kg(-1)) groups and the benzbromarone (10 mg x kg(-1)) group. Potassium oxonate and ethambutol were adopted to establish the chronic hyperuricemia model Since the third week, all the rats were intragastrically administered with drugs for 4 weeks, once a day, in order to determine their uric acid in serum and urine, uric acid excretion and xanthine oxidase (XOD). URAT1 mRNA and URAT1 protein expression in rat renal tubular cells were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry method respectively.

RESULTSerum uric acid level of the model group increased significantly, while uric acid excretion decreased, with high expressions of renal URAT1 mRNA and URAT1 protein. TSD could dose-dependently reduce the serum uric acid level of chronic hyperuricemia rats, increase the concentration of uric acid and uric acid excretion in urine, and reduce renal URAT1 mRNA and URAT1 protein expression. Its effects were similar with that of benzbromarone, but with no significant effect on XOD and urinary volume of chronic hyperuricemia rats.

CONCLUSIONTSD has an obvious effect of anti-hyperuricemia It may reduce the reabsorption of uric acid by inhibiting the high expression of rat renal URAT1.

Animals ; Anion Transport Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Benzbromarone ; pharmacology ; Dioscorea ; chemistry ; Gout Suppressants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Hyperuricemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; genetics ; urine ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Uric Acid ; blood ; urine ; Xanthine Oxidase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVERenal interstitial fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal failure for progressive renal disease of various types. The present study was undertaken to add to the knowledge on colchicine's antiinflammatory and antifibrotic properties confirmed by both human and experimental studies. As the main effector cells, fibroblasts have a central role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on the synthesis and excretion of cytokines transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and extracellular matrix (collagen III, collagen IV) in human renal fibroblast.

METHODSVarious concentrations of colchicine (5.0 micromol/L, 10.0 micromol/L, 20.0 micromol/L, 40.0 micromol/L) were used to pretreat human embryo renal fibroblasts for 1 hour which were cultured in vitro and then stimulated by 10.0 microg/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After 18 hours, these fibroblasts and their supernatant were collected. The expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA, IL-1beta mRNA in the cells was studied by using RT-PCR, and the excretion of TGF-beta1, IL-1beta, collagen III and collagen IV by the fibroblasts was assessed by ELISA respectively.

RESULTS(1) By pure stimulation with 10.0 micro g/ml LPS, the expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and IL-1beta mRNA of fibroblasts was up-regulated 3 times (66.1 +/- 1.6 vs. 22.3 +/- 2.0, q = 590.5, P = 0.002) and 4.7 times (22.0 +/- 2.2 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.8, q = 106.8, P = 0.009), respectively. The protein excretion of TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta was remarkably increased as well compared with the control group [TGF-beta1: (516 +/- 14) pg/ml vs. (420 +/- 5) pg/ml (q = 80.3, P = 0.012), IL-1beta: (3.4 +/- 0.3) pg/ml vs. (0.3 +/- 0.1) pg/ml (q = 297.9, P = 0.003)]. (2) Colchicine could inhibit the expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner. IL-1beta mRNA and protein were both up-regulated by colchicine. (3) LPS could not stimulate the excretion of extracellular matrix by fibroblasts, but the excretion of collagen III and collagen IV was down regulated by colchicine in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSION(1) The expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and the excretion of TGF-beta1 protein in the fibroblasts was significantly suppressed by colchicine, while the expression of IL-1beta mRNA and the excretion of IL-1beta protein were enhanced. (2) Colchicine has significant inhibitory effect on the excretion of extracellular matrix such as collagen III and collagen IV in fibroblasts.

Colchicine ; pharmacology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Gout Suppressants ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Kidney ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1