Affiliated Hospital. Second Military Medical College. ShanghaiForty-two cases of chronic subdural hematoma were treated by irrigation and drainage. Symptoms of elevated intracranial -pressure, localizing neurologic signs and cerebral angiography established the diagnosis. Operative treatment consisted of evacuation of the hematoma by repeated irrigation through burr holes made on the frontal and parietal side of the hematoma. A plastic tube was placed through the parietal hole for continuous drainage for three to four days. The above mentioned treatment is simple to perform and rather safe even for the senile and debilitated patients. Among 44 patients all 19 preoperatively unconscious patients regained consciousness postoperatively. Twenty-three cases were followed up from one to seventeen years. All patients recovered completely without recurrence of hema-toma or epilepsy, except one patient who is still having hemiparesis at present.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol on the proliferation and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. Methods Five groups including blank control group, 0. 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group and resveratrol groups (50, 100, 200 μmol/L) were established. The proliferation of PANC-1 cells was detected by MTT assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle change were analyzed by flow cytometry. The invasive ability of PANC-1 cells was observed with a Transwell cell culture chamber. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2,matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) of the PANC-1 cells were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance. Results ( 1 ) The inhibition rate of resveratrol on the proliferation of PANC-1 cells was 0 in the blank control group, 3.25% ±0.42% in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 13.23% ± 1.68% in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 42.25% ± 3.20% in the 100 μmol/L of resveratrol group, and 56.94% ±5.31% in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the inhibition rate among the five groups (F=460. 10, P<0.05). (2) The apoptosis rate was 0.05% ±0.03% in the blank control group, 3.39% ± 1.77% in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 6.92% ± 1.85% in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 19.05% ± 2.01% in the 100 μmol/L of resveratrol group, and 27. 17% ±6.43% in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the apoptosis rate among the five groups (F = 38.84, P < 0.05). (3) There was no significant effect of 0. 1% DMSO on the cell cycle of PANC-1 cells. The number of PANC-1 cells in the G0/G1 and S phase was increased. (4) The average number of invading PANC-1 cells was 61 ± 13 in the blank control group, 54 ± 13 in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 48 ± 15 in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 23 ±6 in the 100 μ mol/L of resveratrol group and 18 ±7 in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the number of invading PANC-1 cells among the five groups (F = 69.08, P < 0.05 ). (5) There were up-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and down-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2, and the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of the PANC-1 cells were inhibited in the resveratrol groups. The changes of the protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9 were consistent with the changes of the mRNA expressions of the four indexes. Conclusion Resveratrol can significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion, as well as induce apoptosis of PANC-1 cells in vitro.

Objective To explore the feasibility of detecting the cytokeratin 20 (CK-20) mRNA in exfoliated urothelial cells for the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma. Methods Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of CK-20 mRNA in cells collected from the urine of 45 cases of bladder cancer, 15 cases of cystitis accompanied by hematuria, 10 healthy volunteers, and 7 different cell lines, including bladder cancer cell line T24, kidney cancer 786-0 and GRC-1, breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435, and ovary cancer SKOV 3 and 3AO. Results CK-20 mRNA expression was detected in 36 of 41 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (87.80%), in 18 of the 21 GⅠ patients (85.71%), in 11 of the 13 GⅡ patients (84.62%), in 7 of the 7 GⅢ patients (100%), in 20 of the 22 T a-1 patients (90.91%), and in 16 of the 19T 2-4 patients (84.21%). Sensitivity of the method was found to be 87.80%, whereas specificity was 73.33%. In 15 patients with hematuria, there were 4 cases of false positive: 1 case of BPH, 1 case of atypical hyperplasia, 1 case of chronic inflammation, and 1 case undergoing TURP previously. CK-20 amplification band was also obtained in all of 19 cases of bladder transitional cell tumor tissues and bladder cancer cell line T24, but not in 4 patients with non-transitional cell carcinoma and 6 other tumor cell lines. No false positive cases were found in the healthy control group. Conclusion These results suggest that CK-20 might be a useful tumor marker for early noninvasive diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer by detecting CK-20 mRNA expression of uroepithelial cells from the voided urine specimen by RT-PCR.

Objective:To study the risk factors of acute gallstone pancreatitis (AGP) caused by impaction of duodenal papilla stones based on ERCP findings to provide evidence on prevention of AGP caused by stone impaction.Methods:The data of 304 patients with duodenal papilla stone impaction who were treated by ERCP at the Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Tianjin University from January 2009 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 177 males and 127 females, with a median age of 65.0 years. These patients were divided into the AGP group ( n=174) and the non-AGP group ( n=130) according to whether they developed acute pancreatitis before hospitalization. The analysis was performed on perioperative data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to detect risk factors of AGP in patients with duodenal papillary stone impaction. Results:Multivariate logistic analysis showed that acute cholangitis ( OR=2.114, 95% CI: 1.279-3.494, P<0.05) and impacted stones ≤5 mm ( OR=1.738, 95% CI: 1.064-2.840, P<0.05) were independent risk factors of duodenal papillary stone impaction complicated with AGP. No perforation and death related to ERCP treatment occurred in both groups. The symptom alleviating time of patients in the AGP versus the non-AGP groups was (2.67±1.19) versus (1.88±0.88) d respectively ( t=-6.321, P<0.001). Conclusion:Among patients with duodenal papilla impacted stones, acute cholangitis and impacted stones ≤5 mm were risk factors of developing AGP, and ERCP should be carried out as early as possible.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the hairy roots of Phellodendron chinense and determine the content of its active constituents.

METHODTransformed hairy roots of P. chinense were obtained by the transformation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, R1600, ATCC15834 and R1000.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONIt was clearly demonstrated that T-DNA of A. rhizogenes Ri plasmid was integrated into the cells of hairy roots by PCR. The content of berberine hydrochlodride, which was determined by HPLC, was higher in hairy roots than that in the axenic plantet and callus.

Berberine ; analysis ; metabolism ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Culture Techniques ; methods ; DNA, Bacterial ; genetics ; Phellodendron ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; genetics ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rhizobium ; genetics ; Transformation, Genetic

Objective:To observe any short-term effect of combining respiratory muscle training with feedback respiratory electrical stimulation on the pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength of stroke survivors.Methods:Sixty stroke survivors were randomly divided into an observation group ( n=30) and a control group ( n=30). Both groups were given conventional rehabilitation 6 days a week for 3 weeks, but the observation group also received respiratory muscle training with feedback electrical stimulation. Before and after the treatment, both groups′ pulmonary functioning and respiratory muscle strength were measured, and also their trunk control, skill in the activities of daily living and fatigue level. The trunk impairment scale (TIS), modified Barthel index (MBI) and fatigue severity scale (FSS) were used. The incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) was also compared between the two groups. Results:After the treatment, average forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, maximum voluntary ventilation, peak expiratory flow, maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, as well as the average TIS and MBI scores of both groups had improved significantly, and there was a significant decrease in the average FSS scores. After the intervention, all of the average measurements of the experimental group were significantly better than the control group′s averages except their MBI scores. There was no significant difference in the incidence of SAP.Conclusions:Three weeks of respiratory muscle training combined with electrical stimulation feedback can effectively improve the pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength and inspiratory muscle endurance of stroke survivors, resulting in better coughing ability, trunk control and reduced fatigue.

This study was to establish a model to explore anti- RSV effect of different administration method of Chinese medicine realgar on respiratory syncytial virus type A (RSV-A) replication in Hep-2 cells. Using high-energy ball milling with distilled water to prepare realgar nanoparticles,the concentration of nanometer realgar was tested by molybdenum blue staining method and the size of realgar nanoparticles was tested on Nano Series. Cell culture with ribavirin as a positive control was applied to observe the effect of anti-respiratory syncytial virus type A replication through prevention, treatment or direct inactivation of three different drug administration methods. Realgar nano-particles was found to be a potential inhibitor of RSV-A in a concentration-dependent manner with the median toxic concentration(TC50) of 0.649 microg/mL in Hep-2 cell culture. The median inhibition concentration (IC50) was 0.20 microg/mL when drug was added before virus infection. The IC50 was 0.13 microg/mL when drug was added after virus infection,and it was 0.16 microg/mL when the drug was mixed with virus and added. The therapeutic index (TI) was 3.18, 4.99 and 4.11, respectively. The results showed realgar nanoparticles could inhibit the replication of the RSV and inactivate the RSV in vitro.
Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Nanoparticles ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; drug effects ; physiology ; Sulfides ; pharmacology ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Purpose: Bone destruction and pain caused by cancer is one of the most devastating complications of cancer patients with bone metastases, and it seriously affects the quality of patients’ life. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is a cell adhesion molecule with increased expression in a variety of tumors. This study focused to clarify the specific function of EMMPRIN in bone metastasis of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Adenovirus with shRNA-EMMPRIN was transfected into MRMT-1 rat breast carcinoma cells, and the MRMT-1 cells with different expression levels of EMMPRIN were implanted into the bone marrow cavity of rat tibia. Next, the effect of down-regulation of EMMPRIN was evaluated as follows: bone damage was detected by X-ray radiological and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining; the tumor burden was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining; the test of pain-related behaviors was assessed used the bilateral paw withdrawal mechanical threshold; and the levels of secretory factors in tumor conditioned medium were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that down-regulation of EMMPRIN in tumor cells can simultaneously reduce tumor burden, relieve cancer-induced bone destruction and pain. Conclusion: Materials and Methods EMMPRIN is expected to be a therapeutic target for relieving bone metastasis of breast cancer and alleviating cancerinduced bone destruction and pain. The method of targeting EMMPRIN may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer in the future.

Objective:To evaluate A modified Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:The clinical data of 81 patients undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy in Zhengzhou University Affiliated Cancer Hospital from Jan 2019 to Jan 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 26 patients underwent modified Blumgart anastomosis and 55 underwent conventional Blumgart anastomosis.The data of demographics, liver function, pancreatic texture, operational result and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The preoperative data (body mass index, preoperative albumin, prealbumin, transaminase, total bilirubin) between two groups were comparable ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in pancreatic texture, pancreatic duct diameter and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups ( P>0.05). The modified group had shorter total operation time ( P<0.05), shorter pancreaticojejunostomy time ( P<0.05), shorter postoperative hospital stay ( P<0.05). The incidence of total pancreatic fistula and biochemical fistula in the modified group were lower than those in the conventional group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of B/C grade pancreatic fistula and bile leakage, postoperative bleeding, infection and delayed gastric emptying between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conlusions:The modified Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy during laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy is safe, easy to do and time saving. While the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula with clinical significance　and other major complications were similar to traditional Blumgart procedure.

Purpose: Bone destruction and pain caused by cancer is one of the most devastating complications of cancer patients with bone metastases, and it seriously affects the quality of patients’ life. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is a cell adhesion molecule with increased expression in a variety of tumors. This study focused to clarify the specific function of EMMPRIN in bone metastasis of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Adenovirus with shRNA-EMMPRIN was transfected into MRMT-1 rat breast carcinoma cells, and the MRMT-1 cells with different expression levels of EMMPRIN were implanted into the bone marrow cavity of rat tibia. Next, the effect of down-regulation of EMMPRIN was evaluated as follows: bone damage was detected by X-ray radiological and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining; the tumor burden was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining; the test of pain-related behaviors was assessed used the bilateral paw withdrawal mechanical threshold; and the levels of secretory factors in tumor conditioned medium were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found that down-regulation of EMMPRIN in tumor cells can simultaneously reduce tumor burden, relieve cancer-induced bone destruction and pain. Conclusion: Materials and Methods EMMPRIN is expected to be a therapeutic target for relieving bone metastasis of breast cancer and alleviating cancerinduced bone destruction and pain. The method of targeting EMMPRIN may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer in the future.