No abstract available in English.
Clinical Study ; Femur ; Hip Fractures

Segmental Spinal Instrumentation is effective operative procedure in unstable fracture and fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine, providing rigid spinal stability and reduces needs of external support and complications. Fifty nine patients with unstable fracture and fracture-dislocation of thoracolumbar spine were treated with Harrington rod instrumentation and sublaminar wiring(31 patients) and Luque rod instrumentation with sublaminar wiring(28 patients) in Hyun Dai Hae Seong Hospital, Ulsan, Paik Hospital, Pusan from Dec. 1983 to April 1986. We have analyzed the results of treatment about two type of S.S.I. and obtained following conclusions; l. In 59 patients, T12 level injury was 17 cases, Ll level was 25 cases and so T12 and Ll involvement were 71%. 2. By Francis Denis classification, 28 cases were burst type fracture, 20 cases were fracture-dislocation type, 6 cases were seat belt type and 5 cases were wedge compression type. 3. In Harrington rod with S.S.I., initial kyphotic angle was 22.4° and postoperative angle was 7.4° and correction rate was 66.9%; in Luque rod with S.S.I., preoperative kyphotic angle was 21.7° and postoperative angle was 6.5° and correction rate 69.6%. So there was no difference of correction rate in two type of S.S.I. 4. In Harrington rod with S.S.I., the loss of reduction was 1.2° and the loss was 7%; in Luque rod with S.S.I., the loss of reduction was 7.2° and the loss rate was 48%. So the loss of reduction of Luque rod with S.S.I. was greater than that of Harrington rod with S.S.I. 5. After removal of implants, Luque rod with S.S.I. patients have better range of motion than Harrington rod with S.S.I. patients clinically, but it needs more follow-up because of a few cases(18 cases).
Busan ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Seat Belts ; Spine ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Ulsan

Authors examined 40,000 minifilms(boys and girls each 10,000 in junior and senior high schools) which were taken for survey of pulmonary tuberculosis for junior and senior high school students and checked the prevalence of scoliosis. It was considered lateral curvature of spine more than 10 degrees as nonpostural scoliosis, which were analyzed prevalence rate, degree of curvature, distribution of size of curvature, pattern of curve and direction of curvature. Following results were obtained. 1. The overall prevalence rate was 1.56; male 1.38. and female 1.70%(Junior high school 1.06%, Senior high school 2.05%). 2. Scoliosis secondary due to bony abnormality was found in 5 cases. 3. The most common pattern of curvature was the thoracic curve. 4. In sihgle curve, right to left ratio was 1.7, especially senior high school girls had more right curve and junior high school boys had more left curve. 5. The prevalence of senior high school students was greater than that of junior high school students and the degree of curvature was also severe in senior high school students than in junior high school students.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Prevalence ; Scoliosis ; Spine ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The report on compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at the elbow was first submitted by Panas in 1878. Therafter many authors have reported on etiology, pathoanatomy, method of treatment and prognosis of tardy ulnar nerve palsy. But there are some controversies about method of treatment and prognosis. We reviewed 15 patients of tardy ulnar nerve palsy resulted from the fracture of the lateral condyle of the humerus during the growing period. The result obtained are as follows. 1. All 15 patients with tardy ulnar nerve palsy were resulted from non-union of lateral condyle and cubitus valgus deformity. 2. Average carrying angle was 28 degrees. 3. Intial symptoms were pain and paresthesia of the hand in all 15 patients. Eight of them also had atrophy of intrinsic muscle and seven patients had clawing deformity of fingers. 4. Preoperative severity of ulnar neuritis according to Osborne's classification was Grade I; 1 case, Grade lI; 6 case, Grade III; 8 cases. 5. Submuscular transposition of ulnar nerve was performed in 11 and subcutaneous in the other 4 patients. 6. In all patient, pain was markedly improved within a few months after transposition of nerve. Improvement of hypothenar atrophy was obtained in 5 out of 8 and interosseous atropy in 3 out of 7 cases. Clawing was improved in 5 out of 8 cases. 7. Postoperative status of ulnar neuritis by Osborne's criteria was Normal; 1, Grade I; 4, Grade II; 7, Grade III; 3 cases. 8. Postoperative complications were decreased sensation in the medial aspect of forearm in 3 cases and recurrence of nerve compression symptom in 1 csse. 9. Internal neurolysis with anterior transposition of nerve would be recommandable in Grade III severe ulnar neuritis and in case of firm consistency of nerve at the operative field.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Hand ; Hoof and Claw ; Humans ; Humerus ; Methods ; Paresthesia ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Sensation ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Neuropathies

The coronary artery fistula from right coronary artery to left ventricle is a rare disease among coronary artery anomaly. We experienced three cases of rare coronary fistula and report with literature review. Although symptoms of coronary artery fistula are associated with arteriovenous shunt and coronary steal phenomenon, many cases are asymptomatic. In this report, all patients had no symptom. but incidental murmur was noted (two are continuous, one is diastolic rumbling). The diagnosis was made by transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiogram and selective coronary angiography. Because patients were relatively young and the diameter of dilated coronary artery were huge, we perfomed operation on three patients.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels* ; Diagnosis ; Fistula* ; Heart Ventricles* ; Humans ; Rare Diseases

PURPOSE: To report a case of inflammatory granuloma in the right medial canthal area which occurred seven years after a cosmetic collagen-containing dermal filler injection in the forehead. CASE SUMMARY: A-47-year-old female, who had been treated with collagen-containing filler 7 years earlier, presented with a mass in the right medial canthal area discovered 20 days previously. There was mild tenderness and the mass was firm and not fixed. The patient reported that the size of the mass was slowly increasing. Orbital computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed an approximate 1 cm-sized, poorly defined, enhancing nodular thickening without evidence of bony erosion. The mass was removed through a skin incision and unidentified foreign bodies were found around the mass. On histopathologic examination, it was diagnosed as inflammatory granuloma caused by foreign substances. CONCLUSIONS: Collagen-containing fillers are widely used in cosmetic surgery for their lasting effect and few complications. However some complications such as inflammatory granuloma may occur at the injection site or other sites, even several years after operation.
Collagen ; Cosmetics ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbit ; Skin ; Surgery, Plastic

BACKGROUND: Fungus is the common pathogen of nosocomial infection, and the 4th common pathogen of nosocomial bloodstream infection. We evaluated the annual occurrence, the relation between fungemia and central venous catheter-related infection, the risk factors and survival rate of fungemia. METHODS: We reviewed medical record of 209 cases with fungemia occurred in the period of from 1992 to 1997 in Severance hospital retrospectively. RESULTS: The annual occurrence of nosocomial fungemia was 3.9, 6.7, 6.7, 7.8, 13.6, 8.0, per 10,000 patient discharges in 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997. The species of fungemia wete Candida albicans (47.79o), C. glabrata (12.1%), C. parapsilosis (11.7%), C. tropicalis (11.2/o), C. guilliermondii (1.9fo), C. krusei (1.9%), Rhodotorula species (2.3%), Trichosporon species (1.9%), molds (4.7%). The proportion of definite catheter-related bloodstream infection was 41.6%, probable catheter-related bloodstream infection 28.2%, and the fungemia that was not related with central venous catheter infection was 30.1%. Mortality rate of fungemia was 53.6%, and median survival days were 29 days. Catheter removal and antifungal therapy increased survival rate, but persistent fungemia and thrombocytopenia were poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: The fungal bloodstream infection is increased and high proportion of fungemia is related to central venous catheter-related infection. Since catheter removal and antifungal therapy have benefit on survival rate, early evaluation of catheter-related infection and antifungal therapy in fungemia patient is recommended.
Candida albicans ; Catheter-Related Infections ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Cross Infection ; Fungemia* ; Fungi ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Patient Discharge ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhodotorula ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; Thrombocytopenia ; Trichosporon

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Movement of mitral valve during diastole and blood flow velocity through the valve can be accurately measured using M-mode and pulsed wave Doppler technique, respectively. However, the relationship between mechanical excursion and flow phenomenon at the same cardiac cycle has not been seriously investigated. METHOD: The subjects of this study included twenty cases with normal mitral flow pattern in Doppler echocardiography (Group I, mean age:44+/-20.8years, mean ejection fraction (EF):52+/-20.9%), twenty three cases with relaxation abnormality (Group II, mean age:59+/-11.4years, mean EF:43+/-18.2%) and seventeen cases with restrictive physiology (Group III, mean age: 47+/-15.9years, mean EF: 24+/-11.0%). We measured excursion of mitral leaflets at early (DE) and late (DA) diastole, area of mitral valvular opening using two dimensional calibration on M mode images, and transmitral inflow velocity (E (early ventricular filling)-, A (atrial contraction)-velocity), TVI (time velocity integral) on Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS: DE-excursions (mm) in group I, II, III were 16.8+/-4.7, 14.2+/-3.5, 15.3+/-4.1, DA-excursions (mm) were 9.8+/-3.2, 10.7+/-3.0, 8.3+/-2.7, E-areas (cm2) were 2.8+/-1.3, 2.6+/-0.8, 2.5+/-1.0, A-areas (cm2) were 1.7+/-0.8, 1.7+/-0.7, 2.0+/-0.6, respectively. In E-, A-velocity, deceleration time, E-TVI and A-TVI, there were significant differences among three groups. However, in DE-, DA-excursion, E-, A-area, there were no significant differences among three groups. Between DE excursion and E velocity, DA excursion and A velocity, and total opening area and total TVI in total subjects, significant correlations were absent. CONCLUSION: The mitral excursions and mitral opening areas on M mode images did not show any significant correlations with the mitral inflow velocities and TVI by pulsed Doppler, which suggests that the excursion of mitral leaflets is independent of transmitral inflow.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Calibration ; Deceleration ; Diastole ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Mitral Valve* ; Physiology ; Relaxation

The overt effects of the anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and taxol appear to be DNA modification and microtubule stabilization respectively. But the mechanism by which these drugs affect tumor cell cycle perturbation and their correlation to apoptosis and cytotoxicity are not well understood, especially in combined sequential treatment of cisplatin and paclitaxel (taxol). In this study, to elucidate the action mechanisms as a function of cell cycle changes and cytotoxicities and to determine the adequate treatment sequence of cisplatin and taxol to acquire more enhanced cytotoxic effects when they are combined, we evaluated the cell cycle perturbations and its correlation to cytotoxic effects, which is measured by the extents of apoptosis and the fractions of cellular debris and live cells after combination treatment of cisplatin and taxol changing their treatment sequences in NIHOVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line. Our results were as follows; (1) The accumulation in S phase inhibited the entrance of tumor cells to G2M phase when the cisplatin treatment was preceded to taxol in their combination. (2) The tumor cells were not accumulated in S phase but most of them entered to and accumulated in G2M phase and they were leading to cell death when the taxol treatment was preceded to cisplatin in their combination. (3) Apoptotic peaks in taxol pretreatment group were detected earlier and persisted longer than that of cisplatin pretreatment group. (4) The cytotoxicities represented by the decreased fractions of live cells and the increased fractions of cellular debris were higher in taxol pretreatment group than those of cisplatin pretreatment group. These results suggested that the taxol pretreatment is more effective in combination of cisplatin and taxol and the relative decrease in the cytotoxicity in cisplatin pretreatment group was considered to be derived from the inhibition of entrance of tumor cells to G2M and protected them from the action by taxol. From these results, we concluded that the taxol pretreatment will enhance the cytotoxic effects to tumor cells when cisplatin and taxol will be administered and it indicates that correlations between cell cycle perturbation, apoptosis and cell death have to be considered in the future combination treatment of other drugs and in the development of new treatment regimens.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle* ; Cell Death* ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin* ; DNA ; Microtubules ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Paclitaxel* ; S Phase

PURPOSE: To report a case of central retinal vein occlusion caused by iron deficiency anemia in a healthy young adult. CASE SUMMARY: A 23-year-old female was referred to the department of ophthalmology after 4 days of acute onset of decreased vision in her left eye. The best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 10/20 in the left eye. There was no ocular pain, afferent pupillary defect or other ocular symptoms. Results of the anterior segment examination were normal. Fundus examination showed mild optic disc swelling, flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages around the optic disc, and vascular tortuosity with dilatation. The fluorescein angiography showed tortuous peripapillary veins, multiple blocked fluorescences due to retinal hemorrhages, and delayed arteriovenous transit time. All medical examinations and laboratory tests for the risk factors of central retinal vein occlusion were within normal limits, except for iron deficiency anemia. The patient was subsequently treated with oral iron. Three months after the first visit, the best corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in the patient's left eye with nearly normal fundus appearances and no iron deficiency anemia detected in laboratory tests. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of CRVO in young adults without other systemic diseases and risk factors, evaluation of the hematologic state may be necessary.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Dilatation ; Eye ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Iron ; Ophthalmology ; Pupil Disorders ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinal Vein ; Risk Factors ; Veins ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Young Adult