Ten emhalmed cadaveric adult bony hemipelvis specimens were ohtained to evaluate the configuration of the posterior column of acetabulum and to find a safe path for screw placement into it as well as to report on the morphological data of the ischial tuherosity and to determine the most optimaI technique for ischial tuberosity screw placement for open reduction and internal fixation of posterior acetabular fracture. Cadaveric studies were performed analyzing icm cross-sections through the acetabulum for the purpose of studying the anatomical configuration of the danger zone. The plane of the cross-section was perpendicular to the posterior column. Each cross-section had the medial boundary ot the acetabulum projected onto the posterior column. By analysing the projections on the posterior column, the exact configuration of the danger zone was determined. In this study, the average width of the posterior column at the mid-acetabular Ievel was 3.9cm. Computed tomography scan of the acetabulum yielded valuable int'ormation regarding screw placement in the posterior column. The average width, height and depth of the ischial tuberosity were 25.7 mm, 33. 1 mm and 31.7mm, respectively. The average angles hetween the posterior and medial aspects and hetween the posterior and lateral aspects of the ischial tuherosities were 79.5degreesand 111.5degrees, respectively. The entry point of the screw should be Smm or 10mm medial to the lateral margin of the ischial tuherosity and the screws should be directed 35-40degrees, 45-50degrees and 50-55degrees caudally at the level of the inferior acetahular margin and lcm and 2cm below it, respectively. to obtain the most favorable bony purchase.
Acetabulum* ; Adult ; Cadaver ; Humans

No abstract available.
Atrophy* ; Heat Stroke* ; Hot Temperature*

Scaphoid fracture is the most common carpal bone fracture and its treatment is frequently delayed due to difficulties of diagnosis. Nonunions and avascular necrosis are commonly developed due to peculiar blood supply. Though most of the undisplaced fracture, diagnosed early, can be managed easily by plaster of Paris immobilization, many cases of delayed diagnosis, displaced fractures and nonunions are difficult to treat and its outcome is not uniform. Ruse reported good results by iliac bone graft via volar approach and several internal fixation methods are reported such as K-wire, compression screw, Herbert screws etc. Recently, many suthors advocated accurate anatomical reduction in fear of volar and dorsal intercalary segmental instability. We reviewed 30 cases of scaphoid fracture at the department of orthopedic surgery, Kyungpook national university hospital, from June, 1986 to April, 1989 and obtained the following results. l. Among 30 cases of scaphoid fractures, 27 cases(90 %) were males. 2. Twenty one cases(70%) were between second decade and third decade. 3. The fracture mechanism is hyperdorsiflexion of the wrist during slip down or fall down in 21 cases(70%). 4. Right side is 17 cases(57%) and left 13 cases. Middle 1/3 fracture occupies 24 cases(80%) in anatomical location. 5. Among 15 cases of the fresh fracture, 11 cases(93%) attained bone union by plaster pf Paris immobilization. 6. Among 18 cases of operation, 3 cases were acute transscaphoid perilunar dislocation(TSPD), 1 case was delayed TSPD, 5 were delayed unions and 9 were monunions. Operative methods were Herbert screw fixations in 8, Herbert screw fication with iliac bone graft in 4, Russe's bone grafts in 6 cases. 7. The results of the treatment were classified according to the bone union status and range of motion of the wrist. In operative treatment, excellent and good results were obtained in 6 and 11 cases respectively, poor result in 1 case. In conservative treatment, excellent and good results in 6 and 5 cases respectively, fair in 1 case.
Calcium Sulfate ; Carpal Bones ; Clothing ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Transplants ; Wrist

The incidence of traumatic rupture of the tracheobronchial tree has been increased considerably with advent of widespread mechanization and high speed era. Rupture of the bronchus is an unusual result of nonpenetrating trauma to chest. Early diagnosis and primary repair not only restore normal lung function but also avoid difficulties and complications associated with delayed diagnosis and repair. These complications are pneumonia, atelectasis and lung abscess secondary to the bronchial obtruction. We experienced a case of partial rupture on left main bronchus caused by nonpenetrating blunt chest trauma with rib fractures 1 year ago. He was suffered from progressively developing dyspnea on exercise and treated as bronchial asthma at other hospital. Bronchoscopic finding was the narrowed lumen of left main bronchus at 1cm from carina by web-like membrane. We confirmed by bronchogram and repaired by end to end anastomosis, which is rare delayed finding in bronchial rupture without pulmonary complications. We report a case of nonpenetrating traumatic bronchial rupture, manifested by bronchial web in bronchoscopy.
Asthma ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy* ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Early Diagnosis ; Incidence ; Lung ; Lung Abscess ; Membranes ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Rib Fractures ; Rupture* ; Thorax* ; Trees

The overt effects of the anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and taxol appear to be DNA modification and microtubule stabilization respectively. But the mechanism by which these drugs affect tumor cell cycle perturbation and their correlation to apoptosis and cytotoxicity are not well understood, especially in combined sequential treatment of cisplatin and paclitaxel (taxol). In this study, to elucidate the action mechanisms as a function of cell cycle changes and cytotoxicities and to determine the adequate treatment sequence of cisplatin and taxol to acquire more enhanced cytotoxic effects when they are combined, we evaluated the cell cycle perturbations and its correlation to cytotoxic effects, which is measured by the extents of apoptosis and the fractions of cellular debris and live cells after combination treatment of cisplatin and taxol changing their treatment sequences in NIHOVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line. Our results were as follows; (1) The accumulation in S phase inhibited the entrance of tumor cells to G2M phase when the cisplatin treatment was preceded to taxol in their combination. (2) The tumor cells were not accumulated in S phase but most of them entered to and accumulated in G2M phase and they were leading to cell death when the taxol treatment was preceded to cisplatin in their combination. (3) Apoptotic peaks in taxol pretreatment group were detected earlier and persisted longer than that of cisplatin pretreatment group. (4) The cytotoxicities represented by the decreased fractions of live cells and the increased fractions of cellular debris were higher in taxol pretreatment group than those of cisplatin pretreatment group. These results suggested that the taxol pretreatment is more effective in combination of cisplatin and taxol and the relative decrease in the cytotoxicity in cisplatin pretreatment group was considered to be derived from the inhibition of entrance of tumor cells to G2M and protected them from the action by taxol. From these results, we concluded that the taxol pretreatment will enhance the cytotoxic effects to tumor cells when cisplatin and taxol will be administered and it indicates that correlations between cell cycle perturbation, apoptosis and cell death have to be considered in the future combination treatment of other drugs and in the development of new treatment regimens.
Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle* ; Cell Death* ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin* ; DNA ; Microtubules ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Paclitaxel* ; S Phase

OBJECTIVES: Since pain in cancer patients is an important factor that greatly affects the quality of life and prognosis, many attempts have been actively made to reduce the pain. Despite continuous effort on reducing pain after Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), research has not been done on psychological factors as much as on biological factors affecting pain. The objective of this study is to investigate the psychological factors affecting postoperative pain in gastric tumor patients who underwent gastric ESD. METHODS: 91 gastric tumor patients who visited National Health Service Ilsan Hospital in Korean between May 2015 and June 2016, and received ESD were evaluated. Baseline characteristics including sociodemographic factors, anxiety, depression, and resilience were evaluated before the procedure. Multivariate logistic regression was done to analyze factors affecting postoperative pain. RESULTS: The group with high postoperative pain showed lower alcohol consumption and higher depressive symptom scores than the group with low postoperative pain. Also, the group with high postoperative pain showed lower total resilience score with lower subtotal scores in self-control and positive item. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the postoperative pain showed that patients with lower score in self-control of resilience [odd ratio (OR), 0.911 ; 95% CI, 0.854–0.971, p=0.004) reported more pain after ESD. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that patients with lower self-control ability of resilience felt more pain after ESD. Among the psychological factors evaluated in this study, resilience of an individual seems to have effect on pain.
Alcohol Drinking ; Anxiety ; Biological Factors ; Depression ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; National Health Programs ; Pain, Postoperative ; Prognosis ; Psychology ; Quality of Life ; Self-Control

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine which drug-eluting stents are more effective in acute myocardial infarction (MI) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: This study included a total of 3,566 acute MI survivors with CKD from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry who were treated with stenting and followed up for 12 months: 1,845 patients who received sirolimus-eluting stents (SES), 1,356 who received paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES), and 365 who received zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 calculated by the modification of diet in renal disease method. RESULTS: At the 12-month follow-up, patients receiving ZES demonstrated a higher incidence (14.8%) of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) compared to those receiving SES (10.1%) and PES (12%, p = 0.019). The ZES patients also had a higher incidence (3.9%) of target lesion revascularization (TLR) compared to those receiving SES (1.5%) and PES (2.4%, p = 0.011). After adjusting for confounding factors, ZES was associated with a higher incidence of MACE and TLR than SES (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.623; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.442 to 0.879; p = 0.007; adjusted HR, 0.350; 95% CI, 0.165 to 0.743; p = 0.006, respectively), and with a higher rate of TLR than PES (adjusted HR, 0.471; 95% CI, 0.223 to 0.997; p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that ZES is less effective than SES and PES in terms of 12-month TLR, and has a higher incidence of MACE due to a higher TLR rate compared with SES, in acute MI patients with CKD.
Aged ; *Drug-Eluting Stents/adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/*etiology/mortality/*therapy ; Paclitaxel/administration & dosage ; Prospective Studies ; Registries ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/*complications ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Sirolimus/administration & dosage/analogs & derivatives

Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) constitutes 10%–20% of all malignant lymphomas and has a high cure rate (5-year survival, around 90%). Recently, interest has increased concerning preventing secondary complications (secondary cancer, endocrine disorders) in long-term survivors. We aimed to study the epidemiologic features and therapeutic outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea. Methods: We performed a multicenter, retrospective study of 224 patients aged < 25 years diagnosed with HL at 22 participating institutes in Korea from January 2007 to August 2016. Results: A higher percentage of males was diagnosed at a younger age. Nodular sclerosis histopathological HL subtype was most common, followed by mixed cellularity subtype.Eighty-one (36.2%), 101 (45.1%), and 42 (18.8%) patients were classified into low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, respectively. Doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine was the most common protocol (n = 102, 45.5%). Event-free survival rate was 86.0% ± 2.4%, while five-year overall survival (OS) rate was 96.1% ± 1.4%: 98.7% ± 1.3%, 97.7% ± 1.6%, and 86.5% ± 5.6% in the low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, respectively (P = 0.021). Five-year OS was worse in patients with B-symptoms, stage IV disease, highrisk, splenic involvement, extra-nodal lymphoma, and elevated lactate dehydrogenase level.In multivariate analysis, B-symptoms and extra-nodal involvement were prognostic factors for poor OS. Late complications of endocrine disorders and secondary malignancy were observed in 17 and 6 patients, respectively. Conclusion This is the first study on the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of HL in children, adolescents, and young adults in Korea. Future prospective studies are indicated to develop therapies that minimize treatment toxicity while maximizing cure rates in children, adolescents, and young adults with HL.