No abstract available.
Adult* ; Craniofacial Dysostosis* ; Humans

The frontal sinus has importance from the aesthetic and functional points of view, so management of the frontal sinus should be conducted. The management may differ with the severity of displacement, the extent of displacement, as well as the involvement of the brain and nasofrontal duct. Fifteen patients with frontal sinus fracture were managed differently depending on the severity of their injuries for between 14 and 31 months, and then evaluated. During the follow-up period, encountered no complications and the overall result of the foreh ead contour was satisfactory.
Brain ; Follow-Up Studies ; Frontal Sinus* ; Humans

For treatment of the pressure sore, varieties of methods have been developed such as skin graftings, local flap, myocutaneous or fasciocutaneous flap, etc.. Except mild cases, myocutaneous flaps have been used commonly for the best coverage and padding of the wound. But the gluteus maximus muscle is not an expendable muscle, so the myocutaneous flaps using gluteus maximus muscle result in significant functional loss in ambulatory patients. Various methods as fasciocutaneous flap to reserve a function of the gluteus maximus muscle have been developed. We especially designed a bilateral fasciocutaneous flap in the fashion of interdigitating extended V-Y advancement in sacral sore when the defect is fusiform transversely in shape. With this design, we obtained reduced tension in the midline suture with less dissection in medial portion of the fasciocutaneous flap and made the flap more rleliable by including more parasacral perforators within the flap. We have experienced the eight cases of gluteal fasciocutaneous V-Y advancement flap and obtained the excellent results without flap necrosis. We conclude that a bilateral fasciocutaneous flap in the fashion of interdigitating extended V-Y advancement is useful in sacral sore when the defect is fusiform transversely in shape.
Humans ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Necrosis ; Pressure Ulcer ; Skin Transplantation ; Sutures ; Wounds and Injuries

This retrospective study comprise 595 patients with facial bone fractures in various accidents and treated in the department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the Chung Buk National University Hospital between September 1991 and December 1997. The medical records of these 595 patients were reviewed and analyzed in order to obtain the clinical pattern and understand the therapeutic modalities. The following results were obtained. 1. The most prevalent age group was the third decade(35.1%). 2. The monthly incidence was the highest in September and the most common accident time was between 6:00 p.m. and midnight. 3. The most common etiology was motor vehicle accidents(59.5%) followed by assault(26.2%), fall(11.4%), sports(2.7%). 4. The male predominated over female in 4.27:1 ratio. 5. The most common fracture site was nose(30.0%) followed by mandible(26.7%), zygoma(23.3%), orbit(8.6%), maxilla(8.1%), frontal sinus(3.2%). 6. The most common fracture site of mandible was parasymphsis(34.9%) followed by angle(27.1%), condyle(23.4%), symphysis(14.5%). 7. The soft tissue injury was the most common associated injury(51.1%). Fcial soft tissue injuries were sustained by 53.3% in the highest rate associated with the associated injuries. 8. Open reduction was used for 63.7% of total cases while 33.8% of total cases required closed reduction, and 2.5% of total cases treated conservatively. 9. The complication rate was 14.1% and the ophthalmologic complication rate comprise 44.9% of all complications.
Chungcheongbuk-do ; Facial Bones* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mandible ; Medical Records ; Motor Vehicles ; Plastics ; Retrospective Studies ; Soft Tissue Injuries

Microsurgical free-tissue transfer has allowed surgeons to salvage injured limbs but choosing appropriate healthy recipient vessels has proved to be a difficult problem. Retrograde flow flaps are established in island flaps. Retrograde flow anastomosis could prevent the possible kinking and twisting of the arterial anastomosis. By not interrupting the proximal blood flow to the fracture or soft tissue defect site, the compromise of fracture or wound healing might be prevented. We wished to establish an animal model in rat for a retrograde arterial flow based free flap. Nembutal-anesthetized male rats, weighing 250 to 300 gm, were used. The femoral artery and common carotid artery exposed and divided. The systemic and retrograde arterial pressure were quantified by utilizing a paralle tubing system connected with peripheral arterial line. In this study, the retrograde flow was not pulsatile and the retrograde arterial pressure was 64-65 mmHg, with a mean arterial pressure of 106-109 mmHg. An epigastric skin flap, measuring 3x3 cm, was raised with its vascular pedicle. The epigastric free flap was transferred in the same rat from femoral vessels to carotid vessels in end to end fashion. We anastomosed the donor ateries to the distal parts of the divided recipient arteries and the donor veins to the proximal parts of the recipient veins. Twelve experiments were performed and the transplantations succeeded in 75 percent of them. In the remaining 25 percent, the experiments failed due to thrombosis at the site of anastomosis, or other causes. This animal model represents an excellent example of retrograde arterial flow free flap transfer that is reliable.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Extremities ; Femoral Artery ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Humans ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Rats ; Skin ; Surgical Flaps ; Thrombosis ; Tissue Donors ; Vascular Access Devices ; Veins ; Wound Healing

This study provides a systematic review of the literature on nipple-sparing mastectomy and necrotic complications in order to estimate the prevalence of necrotic complications and to investigate their significant predictors. A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE and Ovid databases. A pooled analysis was performed for calculation of the prevalence of nipple-areolar complex (NAC) necrosis, mastectomy flap necrosis, and overall necrotic complications and to evaluate the relationships between necrotic complications and potential risk factors. A total of 44 papers were analyzed. The prevalence of overall necrotic complications was 13.7%, including 7.5% for NAC necrosis and 7.8% for mastectomy flap necrosis. Types of incisions showed significant association with the rates of NAC necrosis and mastectomy flap necrosis. Incisions involving the NAC showed a significantly higher rate of NAC necrosis than those not involving it. The prevalence of NAC necrosis was higher in the autologous tissue reconstruction group than in the prosthesis group. Active smoking and diathermy dissection were significant predictors of both NAC necrosis and mastectomy flap necrosis. The findings of this review suggest that there are several predictors of necrotic complications in nipple-sparing mastectomy. Appropriate patient selection, careful operative planning, and surgical technique refinements may reduce the risk of necrotic complications.
Diathermy ; Female ; Mammaplasty* ; Mastectomy* ; Necrosis ; Patient Selection ; Postoperative Complications ; Prevalence ; Prostheses and Implants ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

With the advancement of modern medicine, there have been increasing demands for reconstructive surgeries. The operative technique using free flaps makes it possible for reconstructive surgeons to restore various defects and deformities more precisely. Furthermore, functional problems, such as facial paralysis and lymphedema, can be managed with microsurgical procedures. The need for the composite tissue allograft, including that of the face, has been noticed, and this transplantation surgery required complex microsurgical procedures. With the very high success rate of free flap and popularization of perforator flap, which provides improved outcomes, reconstructive microsurgeons now play major role in various reconstructive fields.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Facial Paralysis ; Free Tissue Flaps ; History, Modern 1601- ; Korea ; Lymphedema ; Microsurgery ; Perforator Flap ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Melanoma

No abstract available.
Melanoma

The main objectives of this study were to assess the age related changes of biochemical indices of bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic females, and to assess the correlations of these indices with bone mineral density(BMD) of lumbar spine measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Subgects were 70 osteoporotic women in pre and postmenopausal periods. The results showed that Postmenopausal women had higher level of Osteocalcin(OS) and Deoxypyridinoline(DPYD) with lower level BMD of lumbar spine compared with premenopausal women. Age, height, and weight had significant correlations with BMD of lumbar spine. Also a significant correlation was observed between the OS and DPYD. Pre and postmenopausal osteoporotic women(5, 10, 15 year duration) were similar for the rate of bone turnover. These results indicate that the biochemical indices used in our study are the potential markers to predict an age related change of BMD, as well as bone turnover rate of the lower BMD subjects. The combination of BMD measurement and assessment of the bone turnover rate by measuring biochemical indices would be helpful for the screening and treatment of patients with risks of osteoporosis.
Bone Density ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis ; Postmenopause ; Spine