Background Zero spherical aberration intraocular lenses(IOL)is designed to prevent the addition of positive spherical aberration after surgery.Research indicated that some positive spherical aberration can provide better depth distance of focus and pseudoaccommodation.Objective The present study was to compare the visual function and wavefront aberrations in pseudophakic eyes with zero spherical aberration IOL and spherical IOL.Methods A prespective case-controlled study was designed.Eighty eyes of 52 patients with age-related cataract were enrolled and divided into two matched groups based on random number table method.The regular phacoemulsification was performed on the eyes,and a zero spherical aberration IOL(Akreos AO)was implanted in the test group and a spherical IOL was used in the control group(Akreos Adapt IOL).The corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),contrast sensitivity,depth of focus and wavefront aberrations were recorded and compared at 3 months after cataract surgery between these two groups.The trail was approved by the Ethic Committee of Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to the program.Results The clinical demography from the two groups was matched(P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant difference in the CDVA (LogM AR)(-0.03 ±0.08 versus-0.02+0.10)(t =-0.50,P =0.61)and in depth of focus(3.48± 1.07 DS versus 3.20±0.77 DS)(t =1.15,P=0.25)between the zero spherical aberration IOL group and the spherical IOL group.The contrast sensitivities under the mesopic condition at 12.0 c/d and mesopic with glare at 3.0,6.0,18.0 c/d were 12.42 ± 13.16,42.58 ±24.96,30.19± 25.64 and 3.03 ± 5.49 in the zero spherical aberration IOL group,and those in the spherical IOL group were 5.59 ± 8.11,28.74 ± 18.69,17.07 ± 19.35 and 0.22 ± 1.15 without significant differences between these two groups(P＜0.05).Under the 5.0 mm pupil analyzing zone,the spherical aberration in zero spherical aberration IOL group was(0.13 ±0.07)μm,showing a significant reduction in comparison with spherical IOL group(0.21 + 0.07 μm)(P ＜ 0.05).No evidently differences were found in total high-order aberration,coma aberration and trefoil aberration(P＞0.05),but the sphere aberration was considerably lower in the zero spherical aberration IOL group compared with spherical IOL group(t=-4.19,P＝0.00).Conclusions The visual quality of the eyes implanted zero spherical aberration IOL is significantly better than ones implanted with spherical IOL.

Clinical data of one patient diagnosed as IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis was analyzed.IgG4 and retroperitoneal fibrosis were used as the key words to search literatures from PubMed and Wanfang Database.Clinical data of 27 cases with IgG4 retroperitoneal fibrosis,including clinical manifestation,diagnostic basis,therapeutic method and prognosis,which were retrieved through literatures,were analyzed.A 82-year-old male patient presented with urinary tract obstruction and renal insufficiency.Imaging examination revealed a retroperitoneal irregular lump shadow,and showed chronic inflammation of soft tissues in posterior peritoneum with fibrosis by biopsy pathology.The IgG4-positive plasmocyte infiltration was found by immunohistochemical method.The serum level of IgG4 was significantly increased,which was in accord with IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis.After treatment with methylprednisolone,retroperitoneal lump shadow was obviously dissipated.The serum level of IgG4 became normal.27 cases with IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis were searched through literature retrieval,with 19 confirmed cases,3 suspected cases,and 5 suspicious cases.Male accounted for 92.6％ (25/27),and the average age was 67.6 years old.The cases with the involvement of extraperitoneal organs accounted for 37.0％ (10/27).The misdiagnosis rate was 55.6％ (15/27).23 cases took effective therapy with glucocorticoids.IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis is an orphan disease,which can be misdiagnosed easily.The diagnosis is made with histopathological examination and determination on the serum level of IgG4.The therapy with glucocorticoids is effective.

Objective To observe the CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen. Methods CT findings of cochlear nerve foramen were observed in 50 volunteers (100 ears)and in 9 cases with hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve were measured in both groups.Results The fissure in the cribriform area were seen in every volunteers.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was (2.32?0.25)mm in normal group.The stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen were shown in 9 cases (10 ears),the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area were seen in 8 ears, while the fissure were shown in 2 cases.The stenosis of internal auditory canal was shown in 4 cases. Abnormality of vestibule and horizontal semicircular canal was shown in one case.The maximum value of the width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was 1.5mm,the minimum value was 0.9 mm.Conclusions The typical CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen were stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen,the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area and cochlear nerve foramen without helix shape.The hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen may be a subtype of cochlear dysplasia.

Objective To evaluate the value of 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data in diagnosing pulmonary arteriovenous fistula.Methods 64-slice spiral CT plain scan and enhanced scan was performed in 16 patients with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula,pulmonary angiography based on pre-contrast and post-contrast raw data was performed respectively,including maximum intensity projection(MIP),shaded-surface display(SSD),and volume rendering(VR).According to the results of angiocardiography and surgical findings,comparson of the three methods was made in the display of PAVF in pre-contrast and post-contrast phase images.Results 8 of the 16 PAVF cases were single lesion,8 cases were multi-lesions.30 PAVF lesions were found in all the patients.MIP,SSD and VR based on pre-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 20,14,and 22,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on pre-contrast raw data could show 26 PAVF lesions.MIP,SSD,and VR based on post-contrast raw data displayed PAVF lesions in 24,18,and 30,respectively.The combination of the 3 methods based on post- contrast raw data could show 30 PAVF lesions.Conclusion 64-slice spiral CT angiography based on pre- contrasted raw data can clearly show the position,number,and shape of PAVF lesions,which is of great value in diagnosing PAVF.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the similarity of dissolution profiles of self-development and original preparation of Solife-nacin succinate tablet,and provide reference for the prescription and process screening of the former one and the quality similarity evaluation of the latter one. METHODS:The paddle method was adopted with rotational speed of 50 r/min,using water,pH1.2 hy-drochloric acid solution,pH4.0 acetate buffer solution and pH6.8 phosphate buffer solution as dissolution media,HPLC was used to determine the cumulative dissolution of main components of self-development and original preparation of Solifenacin succinate tablet at different time points,dissolution profile was drew,then f2 was used to evaluate its similarity. RESULTS:In the 4 dissolu-tion media,the f2 of both self-development and original preparation of Solifenacin succinate tablet was higher than 50,which indi-cated that the dissolution profiles showed similarity. CONCLUSIONS:The established HPLC is suitable for the dissolution determi-nation of Solifenacin succinate tablet;the dissolution profiles of the self-development and original preparations are basically simi-lar,which indicates the prescription and technology of self-development preparation are feasible.

Objective To study the CT and MR imaging features of skull epidermoid cyst. Methods CT and MR findings of 4 cases of pathologically proved skull epidermoid cyst were analyzed and correlated with operative and pathologic reports.Results CT and MR appearances of skull epidermoid cyst were as follows:(1)crater-form or scalloping deossification with sclerotic border and fatty density focus was detected on CT.(2)The lesions were isointense to hypointense relative to normal white matter in T1-weighted image,prominent hyperintense in T_2-weighted image,mild to moderate hyperintense in diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),and isointense to hypointense in apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) map on MR.Proton MRS revealed lactate(Lac)peaks at 1.3 ppm and amino acids(AAs)at 0.9 ppm. (3)No enhancement was found in substance region of all tumors on both enhanced CT and enhanced MR examinations.Conclusion CT and MR appearances of skull epidermoid cyst have unique features which are very helpful in the diagnosis of skull epidermoid cyst.

Objective To study a rare CT finding of pulsatile tinnitus(FT)caused by sigmoid sinus abnormalities.Methods The imaging data of PT caused by sigmoid sinus abnormalities were analyzed retrospectively in 15 patients(15 female).The median age was 45 years(24 to 63 years).The duration of persistence pulsatile tinnitus was from 0.5 year to 36.0 years(median time,2.0 years).The tinnitus was at left side in 5 patients and right side in 10 patients.Fifteen patients underwent HRCT of the temporal bone.Of them,12 patients underwent cerebral CT angiography and CT venogram(CTA/CTV),and 9 patients underwent cerebral digital subtraction angiography(DSA).Nine patients underwent transmastoid reconstruction surgery of the sigmoid sinus.Of them,the tinnitus was at left side in 2 patients and right side in 7 patients.Paired rank sum test was used to compare the cross-sectional area of the sigmoid sinus of the tinnitus side and normal side.Results On HRCT,focal bony coarse defect is shown in the anterior sigmoid wall in 11 patients and anterolateral sigmoid wall in 4 patients.On CTA/CTV,the sigmoid sinus focally protruded into the adjacent mastoid air cells and formed diverticulum in 10 patients.The pulsatile tinnitus disappeared immediately after transmastoid reconstruction surgery of the sigmoid sinus in all 9 patients.The cross-sectional area of the sigmoid sinus of the tinnitus side was 100.6(41.5-96.2)mm~2,it was 77.0(92.1-122.4)mm~2 in the nonmal side(Z=2.158,P=0.031).Conclusion Focal bony defect of the sigmoid wall with sigmoid sinus diverticula is one of the causes which lead to pulsatile tinnitus,which can be easily identified by imaging examination.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of Ganbi decoction (GBD) in treating patients with antituberculotic agent caused liver injury (ATB-LI).

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-eight patients with ATB-LI were randomly assigned to the treated group (n = 66) and the control group (n = 62) with the envelop method. Meanwhile, 60 healthy persons were selected as the healthy control group. The treated group was treated by GBD one dose every day with the constituents modified depending on patients' symptoms, and the control group was treated with glucuronolactone tablets and inosine injection. One week was taken as one treatment course. The changes of clinical syndromes, physical signs, T-lymphycyte sub-groups and serum level of nitric oxide (NO) were observed before and after treatment and the recovery time of liver function was recorded. The outcome was compared with that in the healthy control group.

RESULTSIn the treated group, 28 patients (42.4%) were cured, 30 (45.5%) improved and 8 (12.1%) ineffectively cured, the total effective rate being 87.9% (58/66). In the control group, 17 patients (27.4%) were cured, 24 (38.7%) improved, and 21 (33.9%) ineffectively cured, the total effective rate being 66.1% (41/62). The total effective rate in the treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Liver function was improved in both groups, recovery time in the treated group was 12.0 +/- 7.0 days, which was significantly shorter than that in the control group (16.0 +/- 8.0 days), showing significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The levels of CD3, CD4 and CD8 were significantly higher and level of NO significantly lower in the two groups of patients than those in the healthy control group (P < 0.05), but these parameters were improved more significantly in the treated group after treatment, when compared with those before treatment or with those in the control group, all showing significant difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGBD could prevent ATB-LI, and its mechanism could be by way of reducing NO production induced by endotoxin of macrophage and stimulating the proliferation of T-lymphycyte to elevate immunity.

Adult ; Aged ; Antitubercular Agents ; adverse effects ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glucuronates ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Inosine ; therapeutic use ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; Treatment Outcome

The study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of water extract of Potentilla anserina (PA) on myelosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide based on metabonomics. The myelosuppressive mouse model was established by injected with cyclophosphamide and treated with water extract of PA. Thymus and spleen indexes, peripheral hemogram and bone marrow nucleated cells of each group was detected. Bone marrow pathology analysis was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The levels of interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6), erythropoietin (EPO), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum were measured. The changes of biomarkers and related metabolic pathways were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabonomics. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Minzu University. The high doses of PA could significantly improve the decrease of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) counts and hemoglobin (HGB) levels of mice induced by cyclophosphamide (P < 0.05), and significantly increase the number of nucleated cells and the area of hematopoietic tissue in femoral bone marrow. The medium and high doses of PA could significantly improve the serum levels of SOD, CAT, MDA, IL-6 and GM-CSF (P < 0.05), and have no significant effect on the expression of IL-3 and EPO (P > 0.05). Serum metabolomics analysis showed that the aqueous extracts of PA could alleviate myrosuppression by regulating the aminoacyl-tRNA, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis mediated by 13 different metabolites such as valine, leucine, asparagine and hydroxyisohexic acid. PA improve the inhibition of hematopoietic function in myelosuppression mouse, and its mechanisms may be related to anti-oxidation and promoting the expression of hematopoietic-related cytokines and regulating the related metabolic pathways.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of detachable balloons,detachable coils and intracranial covered stents in management of intracranial giant aneurysms.Methods From April 1998 to March 2006,20 patients with a giant or very large aneurysm were treated by parent artery occlusion(PAO), coils embolization and covered stent,in which 9 aneurysms were treated by PAO,8 by coils embolization and 3 by covered stent at initial management.Two recurrent aneurysms treated by coils embolization were performed by covered stent.Follow-up 9-83 months,mean 41.1?25.3 months.Immediate postprocedural angiographic outcomes were categorized as complete occlusion(100%),subtotal occlusion(95%-99%),and incomplete occlusion(＜95%)of the aneurysms;and follow-up angiographic outcomes were categorized as stable, thrombosis,and recanalization.Clinical outcomes were graded according to a modified Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Results Endovascular treatment was technically feasible in all aneurysms without procedural-related complications.Immediate postprocedural angiograms showed complete occlusion was achieved in 11 aneurysms, subtotal occlusion in 7 and incomplete occlusion in 2.One patient with incomplete occlusion died on the seventh day with a rebleeding.The final angiographic findings in nineteen survival patients confirmed a complete occlusion in 15 aneurysms,subtotal occlusion in 3 and incomplete occlusion in 1,in which 10 parent arteries were successfully preserved.No rebleeding occurred during the follow-up period.The clinical evaluation performed at final follow-up in 19 patients revealed that the symptoms disappeared in 11 patients and improved in 8 in the modified GOS.Conclusions Treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms with coiling was associated with a low complete occlusion rate and a high recanalization rate.Treatment with endovascular parent artery occlusion remains practical,but this technique may result in damage to the parent artery and cause cerebral ischemic events.The use of an intracranial covered stent proved to be a relatively simple and safe procedure and maintained the pateney of the parent artery.