BACKGROUND: Stem cells, cells with special function in animals and humans, exist in various tissues. Most of stem cells differentiate into special tissue organs and some of them remain in the status of stem cells for tissue repair. Mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted to burn wounds in some researches for inducing the proliferation and activation of skin stem cells so as to cure burn.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of stem cell culture medium cultured in vitro instilled locally into the severely traumatic skin in guinea pigs on healing time and healing degree of the wound.DESIGN: Random grouping and blank control trial.SETTING: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University.MATERIALS: Totally 14 adult healthy guinea pigs of either gender weighing 300 to 350 g were recruited.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Toxicology Department, School of Public Health, Jilin University, from March to September 2003. Ten guinea pigs were put to death by bloodletting on the neck. The bone marrow was extracted and cultured in unicellular supematant fluid for use. The 14 guinea pigs were made into models of bilateral severe skin trauma.Ten of the guinea pigs were chosen randomly, stem cell culture was instilled into one side of the animals (stem cell group), while the culture medium was instilled into the other side of the animals (culture medium group). The remaining 4 guinea pigs that received no treatment were blank control group.Three days later, transparent lucite was put on the wound every other day for drawing the shape and observing the wound. After the shape was copied onto the transparent lucite, the wound area was worked out on the rectangular coordinate paper and the speed of wound healing was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gross observation was performed on the healing status of the wound and average healing time and speed of the guinea pigs in each group.wound healing status of the guinea pigs in each group: At day 3, the wound in stem cell group was dry without obvious exudation. There was a layer of membrane at the bottom of the wound and it stuck to the pledget closely so that the dressing could not easily be removed. The wound status in the culture medium was practically the same as that of the stem cells, but no membrane-ike material was formed and the dressing was easily removed. Inflammation appeared obviously in blank control group.nificantly less in stem cell group than in culture medium group and blank control group [(12.45±2.18) days vs (26.29±1.38) days and ＞ 30It was obviously faster in stem cell group than in culture medium group and blank control group [(40.42±2.14) mm2 per day vs (15.53±5.22) mm2 per day and(10.27±4.57) mm2 per day,P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: The stem cells of homologous animals were instilled on the skin surface to repair injury wound. Stem cells can grow on the wound and transform into skin cells, which promotes the recovery of wounded skin. Therefore, it is feasible to treat severe skin defect with stem cells.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of using the Henry approach to expose and place a metaphyseal bone plate laterally to fixate a proximal radial shaft fracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was done of the 5 proximal radial shaft fractures (defined as the fracture involving the extent between the radial tuberosity to the insertion of the pronator teres) which had been treated from April 2018 to June 2019 at Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital through the Henry approach to place a metaphyseal plate laterally to the radius for fixation. There were 2 males and 3 females, aged from 16 to 59 years (average, 41.4 years), with 3 cases on the left side and 2 cases on the right side. The imaging data, fracture healing time, forearm pronation-supination, and visual analogue scale (VAS) of the patients were regularly followed up; the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated at the last follow-up using Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (Quick-DASH), Anderson and Grace-Eversmann evaluations.Results:The 5 patients were followed up for 7 to 16 months (average, 10.6 months). Their fracture healing time averaged 4.6 months, elbow flexion 146°, extension -2°, pronation 77°, and supination 88°. In postoperative VAS, 4 cases scored a 0 point and one case 1 point. At the last follow-up, their Quick-DASH scores averaged 4.1 points; by the Anderson evaluation, 5 cases were excellent; by the Grace-Eversmann evaluation, 4 cases were excellent and one case was good. No postoperative complication was observed.Conclusion:It is an effective treatment of proximal radial shaft fracture to use the Henry approach to expose and place a 3.5mm metaphyseal plate laterally to the radius for fixation.

This article reviewed characteristics of geriatric traumatic spinal cord injury, including incidence, causes and clinical features, as well as definition, differenciation, special management and treatment strategy for geriatric traumatic spine and spinal cord injury.

Objective To validate the therapeutic effect of Centella Triterpenes after surgical excision and X-ray irradiation.Methods Surgical excision was performed on one hundred and six patients with keloid,after operation superficial X-ray irradiation was given to the patients.Then,they were divided into three groups:36cases in group A treated with higher dose of Centella Triterpenes;39cases in group B treated with lower dose of Centella Triterpenes;31cases took placebo as controls.All patients were followed up for12months after treatment.Results All patients were healed completely after operation.The effective rate was significantly higher in Centella Triterpenes groups than that in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the influences of survivin down-regulation on cell G2/M phase arrest,apeptosis and sensitivity to carbon ion irradiation. Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting survivin mRNA was designed, in vitro chemo-synthesized and transfected into SMMC-7721 cells. Survivin mRNA expression in SMMC-7721 cells was measured by real-time PCR, and the apeptotic rates by Annexin-FTTC at 24 and 48 h after transfection. Cell G2/M phase arrest after transfection was assessed with flow eytometry as well. Cellular sensitivity to high-LET carbon ions was determined by means of colony-forming assay. Results The expressions of survivin at mRNA level were down-regulated to be 59% and 39% in relation to the non-treated cells at 24 and 48 h after siRNA transfeetion, respectively. G2/M phase arrest in SMMC-7721 cells at 24 h after transfection was observed while much more obvious at 48 h. The apeptotic rate of SMMC-7721 cells was 21.41 % at48 h after survivin siRNA transfection, which was significantly higher than that of the cells transfected with negative siRNA. Moreover, a decreased clonogenic survival in siRNA treated group was shown. Conclusion Down-regulation of survivin gene expression in SMMC-7721 cells by siRNA could effectively induce cell apeptosis and G2/M phase arrest, and enhance the cellular radiosensitivity to high-LET heavy ions.

Objective: To observe the effects of arnebia root oil on wound healing of rats with full-thickness skin defect, and to explore the related mechanism. Methods: Eighty SD rats were divided into arnebia root oil group and control group according to the random number table, with 40 rats in each group, then full-thickness skin wounds with area of 3 cm×3 cm were inflicted on the back of each rat. Wounds of rats in arnebia root oil group and control group were treated with sterile medical gauze and bandage package infiltrated with arnebia root oil gauze or Vaseline gauze, respectively, with dressing change of once every two days. On post injury day (PID) 3, 7, 14, and 21, 10 rats in each group were sacrificed respectively for general observation and calculation of wound healing rate. The tissue samples of unhealed wound were collected for observation of histomorphological change with HE staining, observation of expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) with immunohistochemical staining, and determination of mRNA expressions of VEGF and bFGF with real time fluorescent quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) On PID 3, there were a few secretions in wounds of rats in the two groups. On PID 7, there were fewer secretions and more granulation tissue in wounds of rats in arnebia root oil group, while there were more secretions and less granulation tissue in wounds of rats in control group. On PID 14, most of the wounds of rats in arnebia root oil group were healed and there was much red granulation tissue in unhealed wounds, while part of wounds of rats in control group was healed and there were a few secretions and less granulation tissue in unhealed wounds. On PID 21, wounds of rats in arnebia root oil group were basically healed, while there were still some unhealed wounds of rats in control group. (2) On PID 3 and 7, the wound healing rates of rats in arnebia root oil group were (39±5)% and (46±4)% respectively, which were close to (34±3)% and (44±4)% of rats in control group (with t values respectively 0.807 and 0.481, P values above 0.05). On PID 14 and 21, the wound healing rates of rats in arnebia root oil group were (76±4)% and (90±3)% respectively, which were significantly higher than (60±6)% and (73±5)% of rats in control group (with t values respectively 2.308 and 3.072, P<0.05 or P<0.01). (3) On PID 3, 7, and 14, granulation tissue, fibroblasts, and nascent capillaries in unhealed wound tissue of rats in the two groups both gradually increased, and more ranulation tissue, fibroblasts, and nascent capillaries were seen in unhealed wound tissue of rats in arnebia root oil group. On PID 21, granulation tissue, fibroblasts, and nascent capillaries in unhealed wound tissue of rats in the two groups both gradually decreased. (4) On PID 3, 7, and 14, the numbers of VEGF positive cells and bFGF positive cells in unhealed wound tissue of rats in the two groups both gradually increased; there were more VEGF positive cells and bFGF positive cells in unhealed wound tissue of rats in arnebia root oil group than those in control group. On PID 21, positive expressions of VEGF and bFGF both decreased in unhealed wound tissue of rats in the two groups. (5) On PID 3, 7, and 14, mRNA expressions of VEGF in unhealed wound tissue of rats in arnebia root oil group were higher than those of control group (with t values from 2.967 to 4.173, P values below 0.01). On PID 21, mRNA expression of VEGF in unhealed wound tissue of rats in arnebia root oil group was lower than that of control group (t=-4.786, P<0.001). From PID 3 to 21, mRNA expressions of bFGF in unhealed wound tissue of rats in arnebia root oil group were higher than those of control group (with t values from 2.326 to 4.702, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions Arnebia root oil can promote wound healing of rats with full-thickness skin defect, which may relate to increasing expressions of VEGF and bFGF.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the pink teeth phenomenon and the cause of death as well as its significance in forensic medicine. METHODS: Inspection method was adopted to observe the pink teeth phenomenon in different causes of death. Ten rats were selected for every experimental groups, which were then divided into two groups: Eight in fresh group with teeth pulled immediately, and two in decayed group with body decayed in water firstly. The teeth pulled from rats were immersed in 75% alcohol and observed at different immersion time. RESULTS: In every fresh groups, pink teeth phenomenon was not observed when they were pulled immediately, whereas it emerged gradually after the teeth immersed in 75% alcohol, and the color showed distinct and constant four hours later. In decayed groups, Pink teeth phenomenon was observed immediately when teeth pulled, it became distinct and constant after one hour's immersion in alcohol. So it was more distinctive in the decayed groups than that in the fresh groups. CONCLUSION There is no significant connection between the pink teeth phenomenon and the cause of death, thus it may not be subject to forensic identification.
Animals ; Asphyxia/pathology* ; Cause of Death ; Color ; Dental Pulp/pathology* ; Female ; Male ; Postmortem Changes ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors ; Tooth/pathology*

OBJECTIVETo improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of the disease on the basis of the clinical features and genetic characteristics of patients with Silver Russell syndrome (SRS).

METHODPatients diagnosed with SRS by Price criteria in 2006 to 2011 were reviewed for their clinical manifestations, physical signs, laboratory examinations and treatments.

RESULTTwenty cases with SRS were 0.08-12.17 yr old. Fifteen were male and 5 were female. The clinical characteristics included more than 80% of cases had postnatal growth retardation 100% (20/20), craniofacial dysmorphism 100% (20/20), small for gestation age 95% (19/20), asymmetry and thinning of the face and/or limbs 90% (18/20), fifth finger clinodactyly 80% (16/20), BMI < -2 SDS 80% (16/20). Their height was obviously lagging behind in the bone age. HD SDS/average of bone retardation was 3.08. The two patients with the chief complaint of external genital abnormalities would have aggressive surgical treatment and they did not use the growth hormone (GH) treatment. Only six patients had used the GH treatment. GH treatment at a dose of 0.1 IU/(kg·d) used in 2 cases achieved a growth velocity (GV) 8 - 11 cm/yr but in another 2 cases < 5 cm/yr. In genetic study, 6 patients were found to have 11p15 low methylation, 1 had low and high methylation, 1 had duplication, no relation between clinical and methylation of 11p15 was found.

CONCLUSIONThere were great variations of clinical features in SRS characterized by small for gestation age and/or postnatal growth retardation, craniofacial dysmorphism, asymmetry of the face and/or limbs or ultrafine limbs, fifth finger clinodactyly. Severely low BMI was seen and height was obviously lagging behind in the bone age. The findings of laboratory tests and imaging of SRS were not specific. Some of SRS had 11p15 imprinting defects. The treatment of SRS is mainly symptomatic.

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Body Height ; Bone Density ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Genetic Association Studies ; Genomic Imprinting ; Growth Disorders ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Silver-Russell Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of blocking the inhibitory receptors KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL2/2DL3 with monoclonal antibody on cytotoxic activity of human NK cells.

METHODSHuman peripheral blood NK cells were isolated by Rosettesep NK sorting kit. The cytotoxic activity of NK cells against human leukemia NB4, K-562, Raji cells and allogeneic mature or dendritic cells (DCs) was detected before or after KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL2/2DL3 were blocked. The effect of NK cells on T lymphocyte proliferation was detected by mixed lymphocyte reaction and TGF-β1 concentration in culture supernatant was measured.

RESULTSThe cytotoxicity of NK cells to NB4 cells was augmented with increasing concentration of the antibody. Combination of both antibodies enhanced killing activity of NK cells. NK cells had strong cytotoxicity to K-562 cells, but were not enhanced by the blockade of inhibitory receptors. The cytotoxicity to Raji cells was not evidently augmented. The cytotoxicity of NK cells to mature DC was enhanced remarkably with the increase of concentration of the antibodies (2.20% ±1.10% compared with 37.59% ±5.06%, P<0.05). In mixed lymphocyte reaction, the blockade of two antibodies enhanced the inhibition effect of NK cells on T cell proliferation (77.85% ± 8.31% compared with 43.05% ± 5.95%, P<0.05) and the content of TGF-β1 in the supernatant was increased.

CONCLUSIONThe cytotoxic effects of human NK cells against target cells were significantly enhanced with the blockade of inhibitory KIR receptor; and the cytokine TGF-β1 secreted by NK cells further inhibits T cells proliferation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Receptors, KIR2DL1 ; drug effects ; immunology ; Receptors, KIR2DL2 ; drug effects ; immunology ; Receptors, KIR2DL3 ; drug effects ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

Wuzhuyu Tang is a classical formula for treating migraine, but its' pharmacological ingredients is unclear yet. Present study employed the everted intestinal sac model to collect the absorption samples of 10 kinds of Wuzhuyu decoction, and then analyzed the contents of 9 ingredients in Wuzhuyu Tang and absorption samples quantitatively or semi-quantitatively by HPLC-DAD method. Reserpine was used to establish the mice model of migraine, and then the contents and activities of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline, dopamine, nitric oxide and nitricoxide synthase in brain tissues and serums were determined respectively after oral administration of Wuzhuyu Tang. Using the partial least squares regression method to correlate the total absorption quantity of 9 ingredients and pharmacodynamics. The result shows that limocitrin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1, rutaevine, limonin, evodiamine and rutaecarpine are the main ingredients influenced the effects in absorption samples in everted intestinal sacs, especially ginsenoside Rg1, rutaevine, evodiamine and rutaecarpine among them have obvious improving effects to most pharmacodynamics index, might be the pharmacological ingredients influenced the therapeutical effects of Wuzhuyu Tang treating migraine.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar