Objective:To investigate the localization and identification value of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves of SNT, and to improve the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis.Methods: Retrospective analysis the results of high frequency ultrasound to 49 cases proved by pathology annually patients (54 tumors, 54 connection nerves), and compared with the results of pathological diagnosis, evaluating the accuracy of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves. Results: The longitudinal section appearance of tumor connection nerve showed hypoechoic band and parallel fine belt-like structure surrounded by hyperechoic lines, it was enlarged gradually and became triangular close to the tumor. To the distribution of sex, age and course of the disease, the rates of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves were no significant difference (x2=0.083,x2=0.454,x2=1.277;P>0.05). The rate of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves of SNT was 94.4%, compared with the results of pathological diagnosis, the distribution ratio and the rate of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves showed no significant difference(x2=0.015,P>0.05).Conclusion: When using high frequency ultrasound observed connection nerves of SNT, there were obvious image characteristics, and the rate of high frequency ultrasound in displaying connection nerves of SNT was high, it would be a better value to diagnostic SNT.

In order to realize standardization and automatization,it necessary to develop a device for B→O blood conversion.This paper emphasizes on the control system of B→O blood conversion device,including software and hardware design,which provides a safe and rapid method for B→O blood conversion.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect caused by capecitabine compared with S-1 as maintenance treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods A total of 123 AGC patients who did not suffer disease progression after first-line chemotherapy were randomized into three groups. The capecitabine group(Cap)received maintenance chemotherapy with capecitabine(1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days,21 days/cycle),and the S-1 group(S1)received S-1(40,50,or 60 mg according to the body surface area and orally administered twice a day for 14 days ,21 days/cycle). The observation group was given the support-ive treatment. Patients kept this chemotherapy regimens until disease progressed or with intolerant toxicity. Re-sults The disease control rate was 70.7%in the Cap group and 80.5%in the S1 group(P=0.304). The median time of progression was 8.3 months in the Cap group and 8.5 months in the S1 group(P = 0.448). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses in the treatment group than the observation group ,which demonstrat-ed a median progression of 6.7 months(P<0.001). The median overall survival time was 15.3 months in the Cap group and 15.7 months in the S1 group(P = 0.637). Maintenance chemotherapy groups showed better responses than the observation group ,which demonstrated a median survival of 12.8 months (P < 0.05). The main side effects included hyperpigmentation,bone marrow suppression,nausea and vomiting and hand-foot syndrome. No death occurred in relation to the therapy. Conclusion The effectiveness of capecitabine and S-1 as maintenance chemotherapy in AGC patients after the first-line chemotherapy are similar,and both can prolong the time of overall survival. And the adverse reactions can be tolerated.

Objective Analyzing the regional distribution discrepancy of medical and health resources in China,with the purpose of providing the government with policy making evidences for optimizing medical and health resource allocation.Results Dividing China into three regions based on regional economic development and geographic setting,and selecting 6 indicators for medical and health resources.On the basis of the statistics of 31 provinces released by the state in 2009,analyzing the interprovincial disparities of the distribution of these six resources,by means of the coefficient of variation,Gini coefficient and Theil index.Methods The largest inter-regional allocation disparity is found in the number of biopharmaceutical manufacturing companies per ten thousand population.And the smallest discrepancy is found in the number of hospital beds among these regions.The top two extreme differences of resource possession per ten thousand population between the maximum and the minmum region are the number of biopharmaceutical manufacturing companies and tertiary hospitals.The eastern region is the largest contributor to the discrepancy of allocation for the six resources within and between regions.The less developed regions contribute the most inter-regional discrepancy for the allocation of medical practitioners(their assistants included),hospital beds,tertiary hospitals and pharmaceutical companies.And the developed regions contribute the most inter-regional discrepancy of medical finance support from local governments and the most of the allocation of biopharmaceutical manufacturing companies.In general,regions of higher development enjoy greater possession of the SIX resources per population in such regions. But these two are not always in direct proportion. Condnsion Regional distribution disparity of the six resources is not yetreasonable in China.To better meet the health needs of the population in various regions,the government is expected to increase its financial support for building biopharmaceutical manufacturing companies and tertiary hospitals in the less developed western regions,to better use resources of developed regions,and to keep off investments at low level and repetition.The government is also recommended to pay attention to the proportion of government health finance output and the quality and quantity of medical practitioners.

B→O blood conversion has very important meanings in the blood transfusion during the period of peace and war.In the leader of Professor Zhang Yangpei,from Academy of Military Medical Sciences,B→O blood conversion has been achieved by using gene engineering.They obtained the great breakthrough in the domain of blood type conversion.In order to realize standardization and automatization,it is necessary to develop a device applying to B→O blood conversion.This device automatically accomplishes the process of B→O blood conversion,shortens the time of B→O blood conversion to quarter than the time by manual operation,and ensures the standardization and obturation.In the condition of one-off pipeline,this device meets the clinical demands for blood,and lays a foundation for clinical expansion of B→O blood conversion.This paper presented the control system of B→O blood conversion device,including design of software and hardware.This device provides a safe and efficient tool for B→O blood conversion.

Objective To probe into the strategies for improving the accessibility to orphan drugs for patients of rare diseases in China. Methods Analysis of typical cases of orphan drug use in recent years in China, interviews of hospital administrators and clinical doctors, and analysis of the present health insurance policies in China for orphan drugs, definition of the concept of drug accessibility, clarification of the factors hindering orphan drug accessibility. Results Four factors are found to hinder orphan drug accessibility in such aspects of science and technology, supply, information transfer and medical assurance in China's medicine and healthcare system. These subjective and objective factors affect drug accessibility of the patients of rare diseases, denying them of drug accessibility, of drug use in time, and of affordability of such drugs. Conclusion To raise the orphan drug accessibility in China, it is necessary to define basic concepts and incentive mechanism of rare diseases and orphan drug, design and raise the response mechanism of the medicine and health system in orphan drug supply, build a three dimensional cooperation model between such parties as the government, enterprise and patient, and reduce patients' economic burdern.

Objective To study the value of time intensity curve of contrast enhanced ultrasound in the discrimination of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Methods Thirty-seven cases of soft tissue tumors were carried out contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination. The region of interest in the dynamic images were chosen to carry out Gamma-Variate curve fitting through Q-LAB software and made a quantitative analysis. Then they were compared with pathological diagnosis to analyze the ultrasound imaging performance of benign and malignant tumors and their characteristics of micro-irrigation. Results Thirty-seven cases of soft tissue tumors were pathologically diagnosed 21 cases of benign and malignant in 16 cases. The perfusion of benign tumors were mainly uniformity (19/21) or potentialization (2/21). The perfusion of malignant tumors were mainly uniformity (10/16) or nonuniformity (6/16). There were no significant differences in time to peak(TTP) and arrival time of contrast agent(AT) between benign and malignant tumors( P ＞0.05). The upslope rate(A) and the derived peak intensity(DPI) in benign group were significantly less than malignant group ( P ＜0.05). Conclusions Time-intensity curve analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed that benign and malignant soft tissue tumors were different in perfusion,and it will be of a certain value for the clinical differential diagnosis.

In the reformation,we have applied the technique of multimedia to the experiments,which has made the nonobjective theories simplified and the key and difficult points in teaching aesy to understand and increased the content of teaching in the limited teaching hours.It has proved that we achieved a good effect in teaching.

By using SWOT method, we analyze the strengthen, weakness, existing opportunity and challenging of applying Mini-CEX which is named Mini Clinical Evaluation Exercise in theOrgan-system-based curriculum modelclinical nursing teaching, and propose related development strategy of Mini-CEX.

Objective A novel Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) pituitrin efficacy component content analysis method was explored, and the method is conformed to the requirements of the pharmaceutical production enterprise testing standard. Methods The reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18(250mm×4.6mm, 5 μm) (P/N 993967-902/ 5063-6600) Column, the column temperature was 25℃, the wavelength of detector was set at 220 nm, flow rate was 1.2 mL/min, 50% Acetonitrile- 0.13mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution was used as mobile phase for gradient elution. 20 μL sample solution was injected in each perform. Results The content of oxytocin and vasopressin as pituitrin efficacy components were analyzed by this method with advantage of simple and easy operation, good reliability and high precision. Different biological extraction technology process A and B was used on pituitrin injection production, the content of medicinal ingredients in the product: oxytocin and vasopressin is slightly different, but concentration level is different, which process B concentration is higher than that of A. Conclusion In this study, an effective determination the levels of oxytocin and vasopressin in pituitrin API method was established for a pharmaceutical production enterprise, can provide API pituitrin purification process control. Relevant technical information can be provided in the above, which worked on the biological API pituitrin research and development.