Retrograde HRP technique was used to study the somatotopical organization of the raphe—spinal projection of the rat. HRP or wheat germ agglutinin conjugated HRP was injected into unilateral gray matter or dorsal horn of the cervical cord or lumbar cord. The following conclusions have been reached.The caudal part of NRM projects to areas ventral to the dorsal horn. Projection to the dorsal horn was found to originate from the rostral part of NRM, which is somatotopically localized. Cells projecting to the cervical dorsal horn are distributed more rostrally than those to the lumbar dorsal horn, although an extensive overlapping of these two parts is evident. Somatotopical localization in the form of "gap" as suggested by Watkins et al. could not been verified in our experiment.The functional significance of the sornatotopical organization of NRM is discussed.

The Chinese acupuncture doesn't only belong to China but rather to the world.The boom of overseas acupuncture education and scientific research as well as the satisfactory working environment compels us to reflect the Chinese traditional medicine education in our country.Especially in higher education specialty courses of acupuncture should not be subdivided;meanwhile,much attention should be paid to elementary education of western medicine.

Objective To observe the protective and repairing effects of bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) transplantation on cerebral infarction in rats and to study the different effect of transplantation at different time points. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) models were set up,and the rats were divided into a control group,a group with PBS transplantation and five groups with BMSCs transplantation 3,6,12,24 and 72 h after MCAO,respectively.The volume of infarction area and the neurological severity score(NSS) in all the groups were compared. Results Twenty-eight days after MCAO,the TTC staining indicated that the volume of infarction area in the groups with BMSCs transplantation decreased remarkably compared with the control group and the group with PBS transplantation(P

Antineoplastic Protocols ; Child ; Humans ; Neoplasm, Residual ; therapy ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; therapy

Objective To analyze the current status of neonatal resuscitation in medical institutions in China.Methods With the number of obstetric beds as the inclusion criteria,the survey was conducted in 163 medical institutions randomly selected in 11 provinces (including 51 tertiary hospitals,88 secondary hospitals and 24 primary hospitals) from October 1 to December 31 in 2011.The mail-questionnaire was sent to collect information about system establishment,personnel training,neonatal resuscitation equipment etc.Statistical data was analyzed by t-test,variance analysis and Chi-square test.Results The incidence of neonatal asphyxia among live birth babies was 2.15％ (3328/154 853) in tertiary hospitals,1.41％ (2829/200 731) in secondary hospitals and 1.50％ (701/46 695) in primary hospitals (x2=298.559,P＜0.01).The mortality rate during delivery was 0.41‰ (63/154 853),0.24‰ (48/200 731) and 0.60‰ (28/46 695) at the three different level hospitals,respectively (x2=16.993,P＜0.01).The mortality rate within 24 hours after delivery was 0.42‰ (65/154 853) in tertiary hospitals,0.24‰ (49/200 731) in secondary hospitals and 0.62‰ (29/46 695) in primary hospitals (x2 18.075,P＜0.01).About 86.5％ (141/163) of the included hospitals maintained routine neonatal resuscitation trainings,but only 73.0％ (119/163) applied resuscitation training equipments during the trainings.The outfit rate of basic neonatal resuscitation equipments (such as neonatal laryngoscope,radiant heater) was high in most hospitals,but the outfit rate of equipments recommended by the new guideline (such as umbilical venous catheter,T piece and oxygen saturation meter) was low.For example,the outfit rate of umbilical venous catheter was 23.5％ (12/51),10.2％ (9/88) and 4.2％ (1/24) in tertiary,secondary and primary hospitals respectively (x2 =6.992,P ＜ 0.05).47.9％ (78/163) of the hospitals had set up neonatal intensive care unit,with the proportion in tertiary,secondary and primary hospitals being 80.4％ (41/51),34.1％ (30/88) and 27.2％ (7/24),respectively (x2=31.677,P＜0.01).Most of the hospitals (80.4％,131/163) could ensure the pediatricians being presented in the delivery room for high risk women,and the proportion was 94.1％ (48/51),79.5％ (70/88) and 54.2％ (13/24) in tertiary,secondary and primary hospitals,respectively (x2 =16.591,P＜0.01).There were 88.3％ (144/163) of the hospitals had routine neonatal resuscitation case audit,with the proportion in the three different level hospitals being 94.1％ (48/51),92.0％ (81/88) and 62.5％ (15/24),respectively (x2 =18.388,P＜0.01).Conclusions Strengthen the training,equipment and system establishment in primary medical institutions is conducive to promote neonatal resuscitation.

Objective To investigate the effects of transplantated tumor capillary permeability under microbubble enhanced diagnostic ultrasound exposure.Methods Fourty eight rats were randomly divided into four groups after Walker 256 carcinomas were subcutaneousely implanted,named the control group (A),microbubbles group (B),ultrasound group (C),microbubbles and ultrasound group (D).Using Evans blue(EB) as the indicator for tumor capillary permeability,the microbubbles were injected through the vein with diagnostic ultrasound frequency as 1.75 MHz,mechanical index as 1.4.The spillover of EB was estimated under confocal laser microscope,meanwhile the contents of EB in the tumor tissues were calculated according to the standard curve and spectrophotometry.Results EB spillover was observed around the capillaries in the group D,while EB spillover was only observable on capillary in group A,B and C.The EB content was also significantly higher than those in group A,B and C.Conclusions Exposure to both diagnostic ultrasound and microbubbles results in increased capillary permeability of rat tumor tissues,which might become a potential therapeutic method on clinical chemotherapy.

Objective To detect the total colon transit time (CTT) and segmental CTT of patients with chronic constipation and explore the clinical significance. Methods Colon transit study and defecography(DFG) were performed on 60 patients with chronic constipation. These patients were divided into 3 groups: group Ⅰ, 19 patients with slow transit constipation based on low stool frequency and normal DFG, group Ⅱ, 22 patients with rectal intussusception diagnosed by DFG and group Ⅲ, 19 patients with external rectal prolapse or puborectal muscle syndrome based on the results of DFG. Results Group Ⅰ showed increased total CTT (mean, 96.2 h) and segmental CTT, right colon, 35.3 h (36.7%), left colon, 30.8 h (32.0%), rectosigmoid, 30.1 h (31.3%). Group Ⅱ had normal mean total CTT (57.8 h) and a relative decrease in rectosigmoid CTT [mean, 13.8 h (23.9%)]. In group Ⅲ, patients showed elevated total CTT(mean, 175.1 h) and rectosigmoidal CTT [mean, 115.8 h(66.1%)]. There were significant differences in mean total CTT and rectosigmoidal CTT among the 3 groups ( P

Objective:To compare 3 maxillofacial trauma scoring systems in mandible fracture grading.Methods:Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score(MISS),Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score(MFISS),Mandible Injury Severity Score(S5)were used in the analysis of mandible fracture severity in 313 cases with mandible fractures.The results were statistically analyzed.Results:S5 score showed higher correlation with operation time,operation charge and hospitalization expenses than MFISS and MISS,and it could distinguish single and multiple mandible fractures effectively.It was also a significant factor affecting the cost of hospitalization.Conclusion:The Mandible Injury Severity Score was more suitable for the scoring of mandible fracture.

Objective To discuss the predictable factors for the occurrence of intraoperative aneurysm rupture(IAR) of anterior circulation aneurysm treated by clipping.Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with 115 aneurysms treated by clipping were retrospectively analyzed.The univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis was performed for the risk factors of IAR such as history of hypertension,pre-operative Hunt-Hess scale,aneurysm location,aneurysm sac,aneurysm dome/neck ratio,aneurysm direction,and operation time.Results Twenty-one patients occurred IAR [18.3 ％ (21/115) of aneurysms,21.9％ (21/96) of patients] during the operation,2 patients died and 94 patients were estimated by Rank scale:0 score was for 66 patients,2 scores was for 10 patients,3 scores was for 6 patients,4 scores was for 4 patients,5 scores was for 6 patients and 6 scores was for 2 patients at 6 months after surgery.Statistic analysis revealed that history of hypertension (P =0.037),pre-operative Hunt-Hess scale (P =0.040),aneurysm direction (P =0.009),aneurysm sac (P =0.010),operation time (P =0.001) and aneurysm dome/neck ratio (P =0.029) were the predictable factors for the occurrence of IAR,while aneurysm location was not included (P =0.198).Conclusion The history of hypertension,pre-operative Hunt-Hess scale,aneurysm direction,aneurysm sac,operation time and aneurysm dome/neck ratio 1.78-2.89 are the predictable factors for the occurrence of IAR and the combination of various factors lead to the occurrence of IAR.

Objective:To review and compare the clinical features and treatment outcomes of oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI)between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Methods:Clinical data of 43 diabetic patients with OMSI(simultaneoustly treated by blood sugar control)and 84 of non-diabetic patients with OMSI were reviewed,the clinical features and treatment outcomes were compared.Statistical analyses were conducted by T test,the chi square test and variance analysis.Results:Diabetic patients with OM-SI were older(P =0.000),had more spaces involved concurrently(P =0.035 )and had higher blood sugar at presentation(P =0.000).There was no significant difference between groups about the use and change of antibiotics,the incision times,hospital stay durition and the incidence of the complications.Conclusion:The prognosis of the diabetic patients with OMSI under the strict control of the blood glucose concentration has no significant difference from the non-diabetic patients with OMSI.Diabetic patients with OMSI have older age and more spaces involved,and special attention should be paid.