Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neural Conduction ; physiology ; Paraplegia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Sural Nerve ; physiopathology

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase,which is a energy regulation switch in the cells of the body.In the case of nutritional deficiencies and ischemia,AMPK system is activated as the metabolism and stress signal transduction component to regulate the expression of downstream target proteins.After acute ischemic stroke,AMPK is activated and aggravates neuronal apoptosis,and giving AMPK inhibitor may reduce cerebral ischemic injury.The activation of AMPK after stroke may result in the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase,and they play the protective roles for neuronal regeneration and repair.This article reviews the advances in research on the roles of AMPK in experimental cerebral ischemia.

Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compounds in many plants.It has many effects inchuding antioxidation,anti-inflammation,inhibiting apoptosis,and scavenging free radicals.Resveratrol preconditioning has neuroprotective effect in ischemia-reperfusion in rats by activating silent information regulator 2 homolog 1.This effect is similar to brain ischemic preconditioning.In addition,resveratrol can also attenuate the brain infraction volume of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in mice and improve neurological function.This article reviews the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol and its mechanisms in cerebral ischemia.

Purpose:To study the influence of chemotherapy on radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods:96 patients with histologically proven nasopharyngeal carcinoma in stages Ⅲ,Ⅳ were divided randomly into two groups. Radiotherapy group (48 cases) only received radiotherapy with DT66—76Gy in nasopharynx and DT50—70Gy in the neck. Chemoradiotherapy group (48 cases) received chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5 fluorouracil before the same radiotherapy as the radiotherapy only group. Results:The 1,3,5 year survival rates were 94.2%,72.9%,65.7% in chemoradiotherapy group and 89.1%,56.8 %,46.8% in radiotherapy group respectively, with significant difference between the two groups ( P

Objective To investigate the effects of resveratrol on the first and double oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) primary cortical neuron silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and ATP content, and its possible neuroprotective mechanism. Methods Cortical neurons were taken from the embryos of 18-day Wistar rats. An in vitro repeated ischemia model was induced by the double OGD after the success of primary culture. Trypan blue stalning was used to detect the cel survival rate. Western blot was used to detect the SIRT1 and phospho-AMPK expression. Deacetylase fluorescence assay was used to detect the SIRT1 activity. Bioluminescence assay was used to detect the ATP content. Results Compared with the control group, resveratrol (0. 5 μmol/L) preconditioning significantly increased the survival rates after the single and double OGD (al P < 0. 001), ATP content (al P = 0. 004), SIRT1 activity (single: P = 0. 001; double: P = 0. 002), and the expression levels of SIRT1 (single: P = 0. 029; double: P = 0. 023) and phospho-AMPK (al P = 0. 001). Conclusions Resveratrol has the neuroprotective effect for the first and double OGD cortical neurons. Its mechanism may be associated with upregulating the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathways and decreasing the energy requirements.

ObjectiveTo investigate the event-based prospective memory (EBPM) and time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD). MethodsTwenty patients with AD, 20 adults with amnesia mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 30 healthy adults with matched age and education level were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests including EBPM and TBPM tasks.ResultsCompared with healthy elders and patients with aMCI on performance of PM (2. 23 + 0. 77,4.83 ±1.09;1.00±1.03,3. 10 ± 1.52) and episodic memory(0. 70 ±0. 12,0.66 +0. 16;0.45 ±0.07,0.54±0. 10), AD patients were all impaired in PM and episodic memory(0.20 +0.41,2.05 ± 1.43;0.33±0. 12,0.32±0. 10), and were impaired in EBPM more significantly (t=-2.792, P＜0.01;t =-10. 761 ,P ＜0. 01 ). ConclusionsThese results suggest that AD patients show deficits of PM, but their EBPM is impaired more significantly. EBPM impairment may be an early diagnostic of AD.

Research team shows virtual and distributed characteristics in the big science era.It is common and frequent that researcher often communicates with each other informally for knowledge sharing regularly or non-regularly.Thus raised the attention paid by research administrators to such informal communication in the research team.From the aspect of community practice,we tried to propose helpful suggestions and considerations to improve the effectiveness of informal communication from following four perspectives:focusing on the informal social network in research team,create conditions for informal communication,train communication coordinators and measure the values of informal communication scientifically.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of oblique axial multiplanar reformation(MPR)imaging in detecting the fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal and its nearby.Methods 33 cases of facial nerve canal or nearby fracture confirmed by surgery were collected.CT findings(including conventional axial,coronal and oblique axial MPR images)were retrospectively analysed in comparison with that of operation.The diagnostic corresponding rate of two diagnostic modes(the combination of routine axial and coronal imagings,the combination of routine axial,coronal and oblique axial imagings)were compared.Results The fractures of geniculate fossa or the proximate of tympanic segment were seen in 22 cases on pre-operation CT images,including 8 cases on routine axial images,6 cases on routine coronal images and 20 cases on oblique axial MPR images.Local enlargement of geniculate fossa or the proximate of tympanic segment were seen in 26 cases on oblique axial MPR images.There were significant differences between these two diagnostic modes.Conclusion Oblique axial MPR images in combined with routine axial and coronal images can improve the diagnostic corresponding rate of the fracture of geniculate fossa and its nearby.

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities

Objectives To explore cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP)level in male patients with different degrees of coronary artery lesion and its clinical significance.Methods ELISA was used to measure CETP of 42 male patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and 49 healthy male controls.The patients of CHD groups were subdivided into mono-vessel,ambi-vessel,multi-vessel lesion groups;localized,diffuse lesion groups;and mild,severe stenosis groups according to coronary angiography.Results The CETP level of patients with CHD(1.37?1.07 mg/L)was significantly higher than that of healthy control(0.99?0.53 mg/L)(P