Objective: To establish an experimental unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis model in New Zealand albino rabbits that can be detected in vivo. Methods: A 2 F Foley's tube was inserted into unilateral carot id artery for performing intimal injury in 5 rabbits, and causing intimal hyperplasia and angiostenosis. The hemodynamic changes of unilateral carotid artery were detected by transcranial Doppler (TCD); the reduction of cerebral blood flow (CBF) after stenosis was calculated by mathematical formulas. The degree of stenosis was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and the arterial intimal hyperplasia and stenosis were confirmed by pathological examination. Results: Two rabbits survived after the procedure. TCD, DSA and pathological examination showed that the model of experimental unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis in rabbits was established successfully. The reduction of CBF after unilateral internal carotid artery stenosis was calculated in the 2 rabbits, they were 17% and 45%, respectively. Conclusion: The rabbit model of unilateral internal carot id artery stenosis has been established successfully, and the severity of stenosis can be detected and evaluated in vivo.

Various properties of the raw drug Horsc Bozoar were studied by microscopic observation, X-ray phase analysis, thermal analysis, elementary analysis and solubility test .Resul.ts showed that Horse Bezoar mainly contains magnesium ammonium phosphate as well assome magnesium -phosphorus stones.

Objective To compare the probability of anastomotic leak in the Chinese patients with carcinoma of esophagus using anastomat anastomose and manual anastomose in order to provide some refer -ence for patients with carcinoma of esophagus .Methods By meta-analysis, we made a comprehensive a-nalysis of 12 literatures published in China on anastomat anastomose and manual anastomose in preventing anastomotic leak in patients with carcinoma of esophagus .Results The probability of anastomotic leak in patients with carcinoma of esophagus was obvious heighten in using anastomat anastomose compared to that in using manual anastomose,with the combined odds ratio(OR)value being 0.53(95%CI:0.40-0.71) >0,( P <0.01 ).Conclusion To preventing anastomotic leak in patients with carcinoma of esophagus , anastomat anastomose is more predominant than manual anastomose .

Because of the lack of professional knowledge guidance,in addition to the blind fear and eating disorders,leading to the incidence of hypertension in rural community of China was Showing an up-ward trend year by year.Hypertension was a chronic disease,was the potential risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease,severe heart,the function of brain,kidney and other important organ were fail-ure,to made people's life health and quality of life received threats.With the development of economy and society and the acceleration of the process of population aging,hypertension in the rural elderly population had became a common disease.,as a representative of non communicable chronic diseases,hypertension has seriously affected the normal development.Specification and strengthening the management of hyperten-sion in rural areas has become a hot topic,At present,mainly to the community as the main front for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.The traditional model of community hypertension management has gradually been eliminated.In recent years,China has carried out various aspects of community hypertension management model,In this study,we analyzed the community management of hypertension in rural areas in recent years,and made the following survey.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is activated trypsin-induced pancreatic and its peripheral tissue inflammation caused by their own digestion.The activation in advance of trypsinogen and the inflammation cascade in pancreatic acinar cells are thought to be a key mechanism of the onset and development of AP.Autophagy pathway acting as Ⅱ type of programmed cell death occurs in the early pathological course of AP,blockade of which contributes to aggravating necrosis of acinar cells in AP.This article mainly discussed the recent advances in the understanding of autophagy researches and its function in the mechanism of AP.

Objective To discuss the value of enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in the diagnosis of facial nerve canal fracture.Methods Thirty patients with facial nerve canal fracture underwent axial and coronal CT scan.The correlation between the fracture and the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was analyzed.The ability of showing the fracture and enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal in axial and coronal imaging were compared.Results Fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was found in the operation in 30 patients,while the fracture was detected in CT in 18 patients.Enlargement of geniculate ganglion of facial nerve was detected in 30 patients in the operation,while the enlargement of fossa was found in CT in 28 cases.Enlargement and fracture of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal were both detected in CT images in 18 patients.Only the enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was shown in 12 patients in CT.Conclusion Enlargement of geniculate fossa of facial nerve canal was a useful finding in the diagnosis of fracture of geniculate fossa in patients with facial paralysis,even no fracture line was shown on CT images.

Objective: To explore the rule of voltage change in the reference point of electrocardiograms ( ECG). Methods: The r and R′ waves on the head-chest lead and routine lead ECGs in 21 patients with right bundle branch block in whole synchronization were compared, and the correlation of voltage change in reference point with the direction of cardiac muscular stimulation of ECGs was analyzed. Results: The swing of wave r in head-chest leads was significantly higher than that of routine leads([0.16±0.19] vs [0.11±0.13] mV, P<0.01), and the swing of wave R′ in head-chest leads was significantly lower than that of the routine leads( [0.25±0.21] vs [0.35±0.23] mV, P<0.01). Conclusion: Voltage change in reference point of ECG varies with the direction of cardiac muscular stimulation.

Objective: To study the changes and rules of the reference point potentials of electrocardiograms (ECGs) before and after pacing. Methods: The head-chest lead and routine lead ECGs of the patients with permanent pacemaker implantation were recorded with and without right ventricular pacing; the Q, R and S wave amplitudes were compared between the 2 ECGs. Results: Without right ventricular pacing, the amplitudes of Q and S wave of routine lead were higher than those of the headchest lead; the amplitude of R wave was lower than that of the head-chest lead. With right ventricle pacing, the amplitudes of Q, R, and S waves of routine lead were lower than those of head-chest lead (all P<0.01). Conclusion: The transduction direction of the cardiac excitement has great influence on the potentials of the reference point.

Objective To investigate the relationship of gastric pH value with intragastric bacterium and pulmonary infection in rats at different ages.Methods Thirty Wister rats were divided into three groups: young control group, senile group garaged with saline and young omeprazole group garaged with omeprazole (30mg/kg/d). The gastric pH value was measured after two weeks, and bacterial culture of gastric and lung tissues were done and the pathological sections of lung tissues were made.Results The gastric pH (2. 450±1. 344), number of intragastric bacterium (5. 579±4. 316) cfu/g and number of pulmonary bacterium (1. 617±3. 509) cfu/g in senile group had no differences compared with young control group [(2. 010±0. 507), (1. 505±3. 259)cfu/ g, (0. 475±1. 503)cfu/g, respectively, all P>0. 05]. The differences in gastric pH value, number of intragastric bacterium and number of pulmonary bacterium had statistical significances between young omeprazole group and young control group [(5. 560±1. 007)vs. (2. 010±0. 507), (9. 942±1. 663) cfu/g vs. (1. 505±3. 259)cfu/g, (6. 272±3. 830) cfu/g vs. (0. 475±1. 503)cfu/g, all P<0. 01]. The lung tissues were slightly infiltrated with lymphocytes both in young control group and senile group, and 30% of rats in young omeprazole group had pulmonary infection.Conclusions The number of intragastric bacterium and pulmonary bacterium is increased with the increasing of the gastric pH value, and the pulmonary infection becomes heavier in these rats. But the number of intragastric bacterium and pulmonary bacterium and the pulmonary inflammation have no changes with the increasing of age.

Objective To observe the changes of tissue structure of gastric mucosa with aging in rats. Methods Twelve healthy Wistar rats were divided into two groups: aged (12 months,n=6) and non-aged rats (3 months,n=6). The thickness of gastric gland and muscular layer of mucosa were observed under the light microscopy. Pepsin activity and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by biochemical method and immunohistochemical method respectively. Results Intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and adenoma were not found in gastric mucosa in two groups. In aged versus non-aged rat group, the thickness of gastric gland was decreased [(271.5±47.4) μm vs. (350.9±53.3) μm, t=2.731, P<0.05], while the thickness of muscular layer of mucosa was increased [(98.1±13.1) μm vs. (62.4±10.6)μm, t=5.174, P<0.01]. The content of pepsin in aged rats were lower than in non-aged rats[(3. 011±1. 222) U vs. (4.733±1.304) U, t= 2.361, P<0.05]. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the positive cells of PCNA were located in gastric stem cells in cervical part, and the thickness of the gastric stem cells was decreased in aged rats. Conclusions The incidences of gastric gland atrophy and muscular layer hypertrophy are increased, and the secretion of pepsinogen and the proliferation ability of gastric stem cells are decreased in aged rats.