Objective:To explore the safety profile of telmisartan based on the data from the literatures on its adverse drug reactions(ADRs).Methods:The literatures about clinical data of ADRs of telmisartan from 2004 to 2008 in China, collected by the databases of China Hospital Knowledge Database,Wanfang Data and VIP Information,were reviewed. Results:Of 1197 patients receiving telmisartan,95(7.94%) had ADRs involving six systems such as nervous system, cardiovascular system,gastrointestinal system,musculoskeletal system,and so on.The ADR incidences of oral 40 mg?d~(-1) administration and 80 mg?d~(-1) administration were respectively 5.29%(31/586) and 8.96%(42/469) and only 1 case (0.08%) was forced to stop his or her medication due to serious ADRs.Conclusion:Telmisartan was generally safe,and was generally well tolerated for its low incidence of adverse reactions,and therefore,there was no need to interrupt the treatment.The recommendation dose was locked in 40 mg?d~(-1).In clinical application of telmisartan,special attention should be paid to the ADRs of the nervous system and cardiovascular system.It is necessary to closely observe the serumal potassium level and orthostatic hypotension.

0.05).The comparison of operating time and hospital stay was not performed due to insufficient data.Conclusion:Relative small J-pouch and straight anastomos is provided similar early results after low anterior resection.Both of these methods were proved to be safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of nabumetone on the damaged esophageal mucosa in the model of reflux esophagitis, and the effect of expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), cyclin D_ 1 (CD_ 1 ) on the progress of reflux esophagitis. Methods A total of 100 SD rats were divided into three groups in random: group Y: operation + saline as positive controls(46); group R: operation + nabumetone(46); and group C: normal control(8). The lesions of esophageal mucosa were observed in the 5th, 17th, 28th , 40th week in groups Y and R and 40th week in group C, respectively. The change of COX-2, PCNA, and CD_ 1 by immunoperoxidase staining in the progress of reflux esophagitis(RE) and the effect of nabumetone were evaluated. Results The lesions of esophageal mucosa at different time and the incidence of Barrett's esophagus(BE) in group R were lower than those in group Y (P

Objective To investigate the expression of signal transduction molecule STAT-1 in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who received interferon-alpha (IFNα) treatment with different responses. Methods A total of 13 CHB patients received IFNα treatment, among who 5 demonstrated complete viral response ( Group A) and 8 showed no response ( Group B). All patients underwent liver biopsy before and after the therapy. STAT-1 mRNA of liver tissue was semi-quantified by RT-PCR and levels of STAT-1 protein were detected by Western-blot. Results Absorbance values (A) of STAT-1 mRNA in group A and B were (1. 18±0.06) and (0.21±0.04) respectively (t =35.27, P<0. 01). The levels of STAT-1 protein of liver tissue in group A were also significantly higher than those in group B. Conclusion IFNα resistance may be closely related to the down-regulation of STAT-1.

Objective　 In order to observe the long-term follow-up of 72 patients with transient ischemic attack（TIA），including the recurrence of TIA after the first attack, occurrence of complete stroke and myocardial infarction, fatality rate, causes of death, and the survival rate in each year and its 95% confidence interval, and to evaluate the clinical significance of neurovascular surgical indication.　Methods　 Seventy-two patients with TIA collected from 1959 to 1977 were followed up by means of face-to-face communication with the patients themselves or their families till 1998. And those aspects mentioned above were analyzed with the methods of cohort study, life table and other medical epidemiological statistics. 　Results　 The recurrent rate of TIA in 72 patients was 27.9%, and the occurrence rate of complete stroke 65.7%, and that of the myocardial infarction and the fatality 8.4% and 72.7%, respectively. There were 2(3.8%) patients died of myocardial infarction. It was showed from the study that the main cause of death was complete stroke, accounting for 59.6% of all dead patients, with the first cause in non-elderly patients was cerebral hemorrhage and that in the elderly patients was cerebral infarction. The 20-year survival rate was 39.9% and its 95% confidence interval was (28.4%，51.4%). Nineteen cases had the indication of neurovascular surgical operation, accounting for 26.6% of all 72 patients. 　Conclusions　 In the long-term follow-up study, the prognosis of patients with TIA was better than that of those with cerebral infarction. About one third of patients had the recurrence of TIA. The occurrence rate of the complete stroke was obviously higher than that of the myocardial infarction. It was considered that neurovascular surgical operation for preventing the happening of complete stroke in patients with TIA was limited.

Thyroid carcinoma is the most frequent endocrine cancer,and most are found in women.Different pathologic types of thyroid carcinoma has different biologic behaviors,and onset is hidden,which results in difficults to diagnose the early thyroid carcinoma.With the development of the molecular biology,more researches are focus on thyroid carcinoma in recent years.This article reviews the tumor markers,oncogene and gene therapy of thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To compare the ability of auditory verbal learning,memory and retention between each side of thalamus and basal ganglia after stroke.Methods 63 patients with single lesion in thalamus or basal ganglia after stroke,34 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI)and 34 healthy control subjects received auditory verbal learning test.Results There was an overall decline of immediate and delayed recall,retention ability in patients with single lesion of stroke as compared with the healthy control group(P＜0.05).Both the left thalamic stroke group [(19.0± 3.1)scores]and aMCI group[(17.6 ±3.3)scores]showed similar pattern in damaged recognition ability,while this ability still existed in the other three stroke groups.The ability of auditory verbal learning in the left thalamic stroke group[(2.2 ± 2.0)scores]and right thalamic stroke group[(2.1 ± 1.9)scores]were lower than in the healthy control group[(3.6 ± 1.8)scores](P ＜0.05).The retention ability in the left thalamus stroke group[(2.8±1.7)scores]and the right basal ganglia stroke group[(2.7 ± 1.9)scores]was decreased than in the healthy control group[(1.7±1.4)scores](P＜0.05).Conclusions There is decline of AVLT-learning,memory and retention ability in patients with single lesion stroke,especially in the left thalamus stroke patients.Moreover,the pattern of impairment in the left thalamus stroke is similar to aMCI but different from the other three stroke groups.

Surgical treatment has improved the prognosis of resectable pancreatic cancer considerably de-spite the generally aggressive behavior of its malignancy. Neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer has been shown effective in improving a survival benefit. Few prospective randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) on the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiation has been done tp show the survival advantage of systemic chemotherapy (5-FU/FA or gemcitabine) following surgical resection. Up to now, there is no high-level evidence of any benefit deriving from neoadjuvant chemo therapy for pancreatic cancer. Well designed trials are needed to compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy with surgery to judge the value of neoadjuvant cherqo-therapy in multimodal treatment concepts of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To study the prevalence and distribution of dental trauma in children and adolescents. Method A total of 347 patients with the permanent anterior teeth injured aged from 6 to 25 years were treated and selected from July 2008 to June 2009. Data of gender, age, site of accident occurred, number of teeth injured, and location and type of injury were taken from the dental records. Results Of them, there were male 219, female 128, and the ratio of male/female was 1.7:1.0, The highest incidence of tooth injuries occurred a-mong children of 10 to 13 years old. The common site of dental trauma was school. The majority of dental casualties had one tooth (38.0%) and two teeth (38.0%) injured. Of all types of dental injury, subloxation (19.8%), and enamel and dentin fractures without pulpa involvement (18.7%) were the most seen ones. Con-clusions The dental trauma in children and adolescents is a major problem that can not be ignored, and should be given persistent attention to prevent.