No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections*

No abstract available.
Urticaria Pigmentosa* ; Urticaria*

Surgery has been a well accepted treatment modality for the advanced lower extremity arterial occlusive disease. From March 1993 through February 1997, 121 limbs with atherosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in 99 patients were treated with infrainguinal bypasses at Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital. Indications for the infrainguinal bypasses were intermittent claudication in 66 limbs(54.5%) and limb threatening ischemia in 55 limbs(45.5%). Conduits used for the arterial bypasses were 92 autogenous veins(79 reversed saphenous veins, 7 in situ veins, 2 nonreversed translocated veins, and 4 spliced vein grafts), 21 PTFE grafts, and 8 composite grafts. The operations were performed as the primary procedure in 112 limbs(92.6%) and as redo bypasses in 9 limbs(7.4%). The levels of distal anastomosis were above-knee popliteal artery in 34, below-knee popliteal artery in 57, posterior tibial artery in 19, anterior tibial artery in 4, peronal artery in 5, and inframalleolar artery in 2 limbs. Associated inflow arterial procedures were performed in 45 limbs(37.2%), which included 17 aortofemoral, 24 femorofemoral, 3 axillofemoral bypasses and 1 iliac PTA. Assisted primary patency rates at 4 years after graft implantation were 82.8% in reversed vein grafts(including 4 spliced vein grafts) and 62.8% in prosthetic and composite grafts according to the life table method. Clinical outcomes categorized by the revised SVS/ISCVS standard showed better results in claudication group than in limb threatening ischemia group. Limb salvage rate in the patients with limb threatening ischemia (n=55) was 87.2% at 4 years after graft implantation and operative mortality was absent.
Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Extremities ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Intermittent Claudication ; Ischemia ; Life Tables ; Limb Salvage ; Lower Extremity ; Mortality ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Popliteal Artery ; Saphenous Vein ; Tibial Arteries ; Transplants ; Veins

BACKGROUND : The incidence of breast cancer has steadily increased through the years. The establishment of the cause of breast cancer plays an important role for the diagnosis, management and prevention of breast cancer. METHODS : We analysed 241 cases of breast cancer that were treated during the 13 years from January 1985 to December 1997 at the Department of General Surgery, Inje University Paik Hospital, Seoul. RESULTS : The peak incidence of breast cancer was in the 5th decade (100 cases, 41.5%). The most common age of menarche ranged from 14 to 20 years (89.9%). The most common age of first full-term delivery ranged from 25 to 29 years (54.5%). The normal group was the most frequent body mass index (156 cases, 65.8%). The most common chief complaint was a painless palpable breast mass (166 cases, 68.9%). Most patients (181 cases, 75.1%) visited the hospital within 6 months of developing symptoms. The upper outer quadrant was the most frequent location for breast cancer (146 cases, 60.6%). The most common type of operative technique was a modified radical mastectomy (225 cases, 93.4%). The most common size of the breast mass ranged from 2 to 5 cm (151 cases, 62.7%). A pathologically positive axillary lymph node was present in 122 cases (52.4%). The predominant type of pathological classi fication was invasive ductal carcinoma (215 cases, 90.7%). According to the TNM system, the most common stage was stage II (161 cases, 66.8%). The five-year survival rates for the patients in stages I, II, III were 96.7%, 82.2%, 68.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : We conclude that women with mass or mass-related symptoms needed more careful evaluation and aggressive approaches for discovering breast cancer.
Body Mass Index ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Menarche ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The epidermoid cyst is a common benign disease of the skin caused by inflammation of hair cortex follicles and proliferation of epidermal cells within the dermis or superficial subcutaneous tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of epidermoid cysts of the external auditory canal (EAC) by analyzing the clinical and radiologic features. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The clinical records were retrospectively reviewed for patients diagnosed with epidermoid cyst of the EAC from March 2004 to December 2013. The epidermoid cysts were diagnosed clinically by endoscopy and microscopy examinations and by temporal bone CT images, and were confirmed by histopathologic examination. Characteristics of epidermoid cysts in bony EAC and cartilaginous EAC were compared. RESULTS: Eight patients had an epidermoid cyst in the bony EAC and nine patients had one in the cartilaginous EAC. Swelling and otalgia were common symptoms, but 47% of cysts were found incidentally. The mean age of patients was 49.6 years (age range, 26-67 years) in the bony EAC cases and 26.1 years (age range, 6-57 years) in the cartilaginous EAC cases. The mean size of the epidermoid cyst was 3.50 mm (size range, 2-7 mm) in the bony EAC cases and 9.55 mm (size range, 2-20 mm) in the cartilaginous EAC cases. CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of epidermoid cysts of the bony EAC and the cartilaginous EAC revealed that epidermoid cysts of the bony EAC is usually found incidentally, arose in older patients and had smaller size.
Dermis ; Ear Canal* ; Earache ; Endoscopy ; Epidermal Cyst* ; Hair ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Inflammation ; Microscopy ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Temporal Bone

A sudden hearing loss with vertigo may originate from vascular insufficiency and sometimes presents as an initial manifestation of posterior brain circulation infarction. However, it is unusual that sudden hearing loss and vertigo present as a prodrome of transient ischemic attack. Here we describe the case of a 54-year-old male patient with hypertension who presented with a sudden onset of hearing loss in his right ear and recurrent severe, whirling type dizziness without associated neurological signs or symptoms. The diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was normal on initial presentation. Ten days later, however, the patient developed dysarthria. A follow-up MRI including the diffusion-weighted images was normal but cerebral angiography showed severe narrowing of right vertebral artery. Transient ischemic attack caused by vertebrobasilar artery stenosis should be considered in sudden hearing loss and vertigo, especially patients with vascular risk factors, even though images of brain MRI are normal.
Arteries ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dizziness ; Dysarthria ; Ear ; Ear, Inner* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Ischemic Attack, Transient* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Vertebral Artery* ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency* ; Vertigo

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the mumps transmission control status and inapparent infection rate among middle and high school students in Daegu City during a mumps outbreak. METHODS: Nine schools (two middle schools and seven high schools), which reported a number of mumps cases between 2007 and 2008 were selected for investigation. During March-May 2008, a standard questionnaire was distributed to gather information about case identification, instructed isolation measure, isolation status of mumps cases and related factors, and outdoor activities of non-isolated mumps case. Inapparent infection rate was estimated by serum mumps IgM and IgG antibodies status and self-reported mumps symptoms in three of the nine schools. RESULTS: Among 2,560 respondents, more than half of students answered that they did not receive instructions in mumps transmission control measures during the outbreak. Among the 327 mumps cases identified by the questionnaire, 131 cases (40.1%) were considered as isolated and the isolation rates were significantly different among schools, grades, and gender. Of the non-isolated cases, 88.3% continued attending school. Inapparent mumps infection rates were between 56.3% and 70.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Mumps transmission control was inadequate to control the mumps outbreak. Although high inapparent infection rate would mitigate the transmission control effect of case isolation, this measure is fundamental for infection control. The reasons of this inadequate status need to be explored to develop an effective intervention strategy.
Adolescent ; Child ; Communicable Disease Control/*methods ; Disease Outbreaks/*statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Male ; Mumps/epidemiology/*prevention & control/transmission ; Patient Isolation ; Questionnaires ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Schools/*statistics & numerical data ; Students

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy on elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) using meta-analysis of well-designed randomized controlled clinical studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched to retrieve clinical studies evaluating the benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy in the elderly with AGC. Hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled across studies using a fixed-effects model. RESULTS: Two studies were included in this meta-analysis to estimate HR for the overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) between adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery in elderly and non-elderly patients. HR for OS in the elderly and non-elderly was 0.745 (95% CI, 0.552 to 1.006, p=0.055) and 0.636 (95% CI, 0.522 to 0.776; p < 0.001), respectively, which showed no heterogeneity regarding HR between the two groups (p(interaction)=0.389). HR for RFS in the elderly and non-elderly was 0.613 (95% CI, 0.466 to 0.806; p < 0.001) and 0.633 (95% CI, 0.533 to 0.753; p < 0.001), respectively (p(interaction)=0.846). CONCLUSION: Meta-analysis suggests that the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy to the elderly is not big enough to reach statistical significance while the HR for OS is less than 1 (0.745) and no heterogeneity are observed regarding the HR between the elderly and non-elderly patients.
Aged* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant* ; Humans ; Population Characteristics ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a vascular tumor of endothelial origin that commonly occurs in the deep soft tissue, bone, lung and liver. This vascular tumor rarely occurs within the external auditory canal (EAC). Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma has a biologic behavior that is an intermediate between a hemangioma and an angiosarcoma. Here, we present a case of 57-year-old female patient with an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in her EAC. She underwent tympanomastoidectomy and histopathological examination revealed an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
Bone and Bones ; Ear Canal* ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid* ; Hemangioma ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Middle Aged