OBJECTIVETo evaluate the in vitro antibacterial properties and the ability to potentiate some common antibiotics effects of the methanol extracts of 11 Cameroonian food plants on 29 Gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes.

METHODSThe antimicrobial activity of the extracts was performed using the broth microdilution method. The phytochemical screening of these extracts was also performed using standard methods.

RESULTSOcimum basilicum, Gnetum africanum and Eucalyptus robusta extracts possessed an antibacterial activity against all the 29 studied bacteria. The extracts from G. africanum and E. robusta were the most active with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration of 64 μg/mL on Escherichia coli AG100A for both extracts and also against Klebsiella pneumoniae K24 for G. africanum. When tested in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine β-Naphtylamide (PAβN), an efflux pump inhibitor, the extract of Thymus vulgaris and E. Robusta showed the best activities on most tested strains. E. Robusta extract showed good synergistic effects, improving the activity of commonly used antibiotics in about 85% of cases.

CONCLUSIONThe overall results obtained provide the baseline information for the use of the tested plants in the treatment of bacterial infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Cameroon ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Eucalyptus ; chemistry ; Gnetum ; chemistry ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; drug effects ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans ; Medicine, African Traditional ; methods ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Ocimum basilicum ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Plant Preparations ; pharmacology ; Plants, Edible ; chemistry

Resveratrol, isorhapontigenin and pinosylvin, isolated from Gnetum parvifolium, and their analogues have been synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity of HIV-1. Natural product 12a and analogues (12d, 12e, 12g) display significant inhibitory activity of HIV-1 replication. Among them, compound 12d (trans-3, 4, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene) exhibits the most potent anti-HIV-1 activity with an IC50 value of 1.84 micromol x L(-1).
Anti-HIV Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gnetum ; chemistry ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; physiology ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; virology ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Virus Replication ; drug effects