Administration, Oral ; Glucose Transporter Type 2 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; physiology ; Organic Anion Transporters ; metabolism ; Peptide Transporter 1 ; Pharmacokinetics ; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 ; metabolism ; Symporters ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of glimepiride on the glucose uptake as well as glucose transporter (GLUT)-1 and GLUT-3 expression levels of rat mandibular osteoblasts in hyperglycemia.

METHODSPrimary osteoblasts were isolated and cultured. Then, the cells were placed in an osteogenic medium containing two glucose concentrations (5.5 and 16.5 mmol X L(-1)), with or without glimepiride (10 micromol x L(-1)). Glucose uptake was determined by employing 18F-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in the cells, and GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 expression levels were evaluated by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSGlucose at 16.5 mmol x L(-1) significantly inhibited 18F-FDG uptake and downregulated GLUT-3 protein expression in osteoblasts. Hyperglycemia increased GLUT-1 protein expression. Glimepiride significantly increased glucose uptake and upregulated GLUT-1 and GLUT-3.

CONCLUSIONGlimepiride enhance the glucose transporter in rat osteoblasts at two different glucose concentrations.

Animals ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Glucose ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; Hyperglycemia ; Mandible ; Osteoblasts ; Rats ; Sulfonylurea Compounds

PURPOSE: The prognostic factors influencing the survival rate of patients with localized renal cell carcinomas were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 100 patients that had undergone a radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinomas, and who were pathologically diagnosed with T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 carcinomas, between January 1990 and January 2002, were reviewed. The survival rate according to each prognostic factor, such as T1 or T2 stage, nuclear grade, histologic type, microscopic vascular invasion, the expression of p53 protein and the expression of Human Erythrocyte Glucose Transporter (Glut-1), was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: Among the 100 patients, metastases occurred in 11 and death in 10. The 5-year survival rates of the T1 and 2 were 84 and 89%, respectively. According to the Fuhrman grade, the 5-year survival rates for grades I, II, III and IV were 100, 87, 84 and 64%, respectively. According to the histologic type, the 5-year survival rates for the conventional type, papillary type and chromophobe type were 84, 100 and 88%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the groups, according to the stage, Fuhrman grade and histologic type (p>0.05). No statistical differences were noted between the two groups for microscopic vascular invasion, the expression of p53 protein and the expression of Glut-1 (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Localized renal cell carcinomas treated by a radical nephrectomy had a good prognosis (5-year survival rate: 85%). Fuhrman nuclear grade IV and microscopic vascular invasion tended to have poor prognoses.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate*

Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Positron-Emission Tomography

Hyperglycemia induces chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), which is a newly identified contributor to diabetes-related tissue lesions, including the inflammatory bone loss in periodontitis. It is also a secondary senescent pattern mediated by an increased burden of senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Macrophage is a key SASP-spreading cell and may contribute to the maintenance of SASP response in the periodontal microenvironment. Using a transgenic diabetic model (BLKS/J-Lepr
Animals ; Cellular Senescence ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; Inflammation ; Macrophages ; Mice

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of atypical mucosal lesions by performing hematoxylin-eosin staining is too subjective, and it is also subject to considerable inter-observer variation. There is a need for reliable immunohistochemical markers that can give reproducible results and that are not subject to individual interpretation. METHODS: We reviewed a total of 199 cases of gastric biopsy specimens, which were all diagnosed as atypical mucosal lesions, and 124 cases of the adenocarcinomas specimens had been classified from category 1 (C1) to C5 according to the Vienna classification. We also examined the immunohistochemical expressions of the glucose transporter GLUT1 and the p53 protein in the gastric biopsy specimens to determine if they were useful markers for differentiatial diagnosis under the Vienna classifications. RESULTS: None of the specimens in categories C1 to C3 showed GLUT1 expression, but 10.1% of the C4 specimens and 25.0% of the C5 specimens were GLUT1-positive (p<0.05). The expression of p53 was undetectable in the C1 specimens, but this was expressed in 2.9% of the C2 specimens, 15.6% of the C3 specimens, 37.8% of the C4 specimens, and 65.3% of the C5 specimens (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The Vienna classification is very applicable to the gastric biopsy specimens of the atypical mucosal lesions, and the GLUT1 and p53 expressions are candidates as highly useful markers to differentiate the Vienna C4 lesions from the C3 and C5 lesions.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy* ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; Observer Variation ; Stomach ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pathogenesis of erythrocytosis by detecting the key enzymes of glucose metabolism and glucose transporter in bone marrow erythrocytes of chronic mountain sickness (CMS), and analyzing its correlation with hemoglobin. METHODS: Twenty CMS patients hospitalized in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected as CMS group. Twenty males with leukocyte count > 3.5×10⁹/L who had accepted bone marrow aspiration and had normal result were taken as control group. The mRNA and protein expression of key enzymes and glucose transporter in glucose metabolism in bone marrow CD71⁺ erythrocytes were detected by real time qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Glucose, lactic acid and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the bone marrow supernatant and serum were tested by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expression of key enzymes and glucose transporter, glucose, lactic acid and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate of the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between key enzymes, glucose transporter in glucose metabolism in bone marrow CD71⁺ erythrocytes and hemoglobin. RESULTS: The expression of HK2, GLUT1 and GLUT2 mRNA in the CMS group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.001), while the expression of HK1, OGDH and COX5B mRNA were not different. The expression of HK2, GLUT1 and GLUT2 protein in the CMS group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of glucose and lactic acid in the bone marrow supernatant and serum in the CMS group were not different from those in the control group, while the level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate was higher (P<0.001). Both HK2 and GLUT2 proteins were positively correlated with hemoglobin (r=0.511, 0.717). CONCLUSION CMS patients may increase glycolysis by increasing the expression of HK2, and promote the utilization of glucose through high expression of GLUT1 and GLUT2 to meet the need of energy supply.
Male ; Humans ; Altitude Sickness/metabolism* ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate ; Hemoglobins ; Chronic Disease ; RNA, Messenger ; Phenotype ; Glucose

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expressions and distributions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), CD147, and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in epidermis from psoriasis vulgaris and normal people, and to explore the associations among these proteins and their roles in hypoxic HaCaT cell line. METHODS: The expression levels of HIF-1α, CD147, and GLUT1 were determined by immunohistochemistry staining in skin biopsies from 48 psoriasis vularis patients and 33 healthy subjects. Cobalt chloride (CoCl RESULTS: HIF-1α, CD147, and GLUT1 were highly expressed and the glycolytic capacity was increased in lesions of psoriasis vulgaris; HIF-1α upregulated the expression of CD147 and GLUT1, increased the lactate production and decreased the ATP level in CoCl CONCLUSIONS Glycolytic capacity increases in the injured keratinocytes of psoriasis vulgaris, suggesting that HIF-1α, CD147, and GLUT1 are associated with glycolysis, which can be considered as the promising targets for psoriasis therapy.
Basigin ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; Glycolysis ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics* ; Psoriasis/genetics* ; Transcriptional Activation ; Up-Regulation

Previous studies proposed that the synergistic effect of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) and insulin may be due to the improvement of insulin sensitivity by FGF-21. However, there is no experimental evidence to support this. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin in the regulation of glucose metabolism. The synergistic effect of FGF-21 and insulin on regulating glucose metabolism was demonstrated by investigating the glucose absorption rate by insulin resistance HepG2 cell model and the blood glucose chances in type 2 diabetic db/db mice after treatments with different concentrations of FGF-21 or/and insulin; The synergistic metabolism was revealed through detecting GLUT1 and GLUT4 transcription levels in the liver by real-time PCR method. The experimental results showed that FGF-21 and insulin have a synergistic effect on the regulation of glucose metabolism. The results of real-time PCR showed that the effective dose of FGF-21 could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT1 in a dose-dependent manner, but had no effect on the transcription level of GLUT4. Insulin (4 u) alone could up-regulate the transcription level of GLUT4, yet had no effect on that of GLUT1. Ineffective dose 0.1 mg kg(-1) FGF-21 alone could not change the transcription level of GLUT1 or GLUT4. However, when the ineffective dose 0.1 mg x kg(-1) FGF-21 was used in combination with insulin (4 u) significantly increased the transcription levels of both GLUT1 and GLUT4, the transcription level of GLUT1 was similar to that treated with 5 time concentration of FGF-21 alone; the transcription level of GLUT4 is higher than that treated with insulin (4 u) alone. In summary, in the presence of FGF-21, insulin increases the sensitivity of FGF-21 through enhancing GLUT1 transcription. Vice versa, FGF-21 increases the sensitivity of insulin by stimulating GLUT4 transcription in the presence of insulin. FGF-21 and insulin exert a synergistic effect on glucose metabolism through mutual sensitization.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; pharmacology ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 4 ; metabolism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; Insulin Resistance ; Liver ; metabolism ; Mice

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of glucose transporter (Glut)1, Glut3, and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and its clinical significance.

METHODSSpecimens of cancer tissues and paracancerous lung tissues from 34 cases of NSCLC and 17 specimens of benign lung lesions were collected. The expressions of Glut1, Glut3, and HIF-1 alpha were detected with immunohistochemical staining, RT-PCR, and Western blot.

RESULTThe relative mRNA expressions of Glut1 and HIF-1 alpha were 0.689 +/-0.245, 0.693 +/-0.248 in cancer tissues; and 0.338 +/-0.157, 0.351 +/-0.184 in paracancerous lung tissues (P <0.001); while those of Glut3 were 0.506 +/-0.246 in cancer tissues and 0.482 +/-0.238 in paracancerous tissues (P >0.05). The relative protein expressions of Glut1 and HIF-1 alpha were 0.582 +/-0.247, 0.525 +/-0.246 in cancer tissues and 0.288 +/-0.151, 0.261 +/-0.135 in paracancerous lung tissues (P<0.001), but the protein expressions of Glut3 were 0.551 +/-0.251 and 0.436 +/-0.224 respectively (P>0.05). Glut1 and HIF-1 alpha expressions were higher in poor differentiation group and in stage III group, than those in medium and well differentiation group and stage I and II group. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the expression of Glut1 and HIF-1 alpha (r=0.854, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONGlut1 and HIF-1 alpha are highly expressed in NSCLC, and their expressions are associated with tumor differentiation and clinical stage.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Glucose Transporter Type 1 ; metabolism ; Glucose Transporter Type 3 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged