No abstract available.
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental*

Minimal Change Disease (MCD) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are common causes of nephrotic syndrome. These two conditions are similar in their presentations but differentiated via their histopathological features and responsiveness to corticosteroids. There are ongoing debates whether MCD and FSGS are at the same spectrum of disease rather than separate entities. FSGS has been postulated to be the severe end of the spectrum of MCD. We have reported a case that has primary FSGS after years of poorly controlled MCD, which supports both conditions are the same spectrum of disease.
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Humans ; Kidney

No abstract available.
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases*

No abstract available.
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Hyperlipoproteinemias* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Lovastatin* ; Puromycin* ; Rats*

Renal involvement is one of the extra-articular manifestations found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Membranous glomerulonephopathy, membranoproliferative glomeruonophritis, secondary amyloidosis, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are reported as pathologic diagnoses of renal involvement. However, reports of renal involvement in patients with RA and antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated pauci-immune glomerulonephritis are rare. Recently, we experienced two patients with RA who developed azotemia and were finally diagnosed with ANCA-associated pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. Because of the rarity of these cases, we report two cases in patients with RA with a literature review.
Amyloidosis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Azotemia ; Cytoplasm ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans

We report on two children with a high risk of recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) after renal transplantation that could be effectively prevented by prophylactic administration of cyclosporine combined with preemptive plasmapheresis prior to renal transplantation.
Child ; Cyclosporine ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Plasmapheresis

C1q/TNF-alpha Related Protein 1 (CTRP1), an adiponectin paralog, is a novel member of the C1q-TNF Related Protein family. CTRP1 is expressed in the kidney, although its localization and role in the kidney have not been studied. This study examined CTRP1 expression and function in the kidney. CTRP1 immunohistochemistry and PAS staining of the kidneys of C57/BL6 and FGS/Nga mice were performed. In situ hybridization for podocin in the kidney was also performed. CTRP1 immunoreactivity was found only in the glomeruli of the kidney. The CTRP1-immunoreactive cells in the glomeruli were identified as podocytes. The number of CTPR1-immunoreactive cells and the intensity of CTRP1 immunoreactivity were lower in the glomeruli of FGS/Nga mice, which develop progressive proteinuria and focal glomerulosclerosis. CTRP1 is a novel protein expressed in podocytes of the mouse kidney and may have a role in podocytes related to glomerular filtration in the kidney.
Adiponectin ; Animals ; Filtration ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization ; Kidney ; Mice* ; Podocytes ; Proteinuria

Podocytopathy is glomerular lesions characterized by podocyte injury. It is observed in various glomerular diseases, but minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are the prototypes. In this review, morphologic features of podocyte injury and subtypes of FSGS will be reviewed briefly. Effacement of podocyte foot processes is the most common feature of podocyte injury. As podocytic injury progresses, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, subpodocytic cyst, detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane and apoptosis develop. Glomerular capillary loops in epithelium-denuded area undergo capillary collapse. Synechia and hyalinosis may accompany this lesion. To manifest segmental sclerosis, podocyte loss above a threshold level may be required. Injured podocytes can injure neighboring intact podocytes, and thereby spread injury within the same lobule. FSGS can be categorized into five subtypes by morphologic characteristics; not otherwise specified (NOS), perihilar, cellular, tip, and collapsing types. Each subtype has been reported to show different clinical courses and associated conditions, but there are controversies on its significance. With recent progress in the discovery of genetic abnormalities causing FSGS and plasma permeability factors, we expect to unravel pathophysiology of FSGS and to understand histological sequences leading to FSGS in near future.
Apoptosis ; Capillaries ; Foot ; Glomerular Basement Membrane ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Nephrosis, Lipoid ; Permeability ; Plasma ; Podocytes ; Sclerosis ; Vacuoles