OBJECTIVEToday metal-ceramic restorations are widely accepted in dental practice because of their good aesthetic and biocompatible properties, but there are still several problems to be resolved, among which the influences of their margins on gingival health is noticeable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of metal-ceramic restoration margin on gingival health.

METHODS129 abutments of metal-ceramic restorations, including their margins' fitness, location and smoothness were examined and their influences on gingival health were analyzed.

RESULTSThere was a close relation between the metal-ceramic restorations' margins and the gingival health.

CONCLUSIONIn order to maintain the gingival health, the margins should be smooth, closely fitted, no overhanging and in a moderate location (i.e. not below the gingival more than 1 mm).

Female ; Gingival Diseases ; etiology ; Gingivitis ; etiology ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of clinical conditions, and measure the GCF volume during the experimental gingivitis in Chinese for studying the relationship between the GCF volume and the development of gingival inflammation.

METHODS11 young male subjects with healthy gingiva, who had no systemic diseases, were selected for this study. GCF samples (18 teeth/person) were collected with strips of filter paper and the clinical parameters were recorded at the baseline (0 day), the 7th, 14th, 21st day (without oral hygiene), and 28th day (7 days after reestablishing oral hygiene) during experimental gingivitis. The GCF volume was measured by weighting.

RESULTSDuring the experimental gingivitis, all of the clinical parameters plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), gingival index (GI) and probing index (PD) increased gradually following the plaque assembling, there were significant differences comparing the data of baseline with the data of afterwards without oral hygiene. On the 28th day, the data reduced to the level of baseline rapidly. The amount of GCF had the same tendency with the clinical parameters during the experimental gingivitis. There was positive correlation between the amount of GCF and clinical parameters.

CONCLUSIONThe amount of GCF can reflect the development of gingival inflammation.

Adult ; Dental Plaque ; complications ; Diet ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; physiology ; Gingivitis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the situation of gingival bleeding in patients with untreated gingivitis.

METHODSTotally 444 patients with untreated gingivitis were enrolled in one district located in Beijing. The gingival bleeding, except the third molars, was evaluated using the gingival bleeding index (GBI).

RESULTSThe sites of GBI=1 were 8.15+/-7.17 in males and 5.65+/-5.65 in females (P=0.0003). The sites of GBI=2 were 33.48+/-21.65 among subjects aged 35-50 years and 24.31+/-18.15 among subjects aged 18-29 years (P=0.03). The first left mandible molars had the highest GBI, while the right maxillary incisors got the lowest GBI. The posterior teeth, the lingual surface, and the proximal region had more sites than the anterior teeth, the buccal surface, and the central region on GBI=1, GBI=2 and total sites P<0.05.

CONCLUSIONThe severity of gingival bleeding is associated with age and gender, and tends to be site-specific.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Female ; Gingival Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Gingivitis ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periodontal Index ; Sex Factors ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dental Plaque ; complications ; Female ; Gingivitis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Oral Hygiene ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; diagnosis ; therapy

PURPOSE: The present study is to investigate the effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus on dentition and oral health for children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The investigation was carried out on 100 subjects. The first group consisted of 50 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus (21 females, 29 males), age 9 +/- 0.14 years; In the second group, there were 50 healthy subjects who did not suffer from any systemic disease (25 females, 25 males), age 9 +/- 0.11 years. The subjects were evaluated and divided into two groups of 5-9 years old, and 10-14 years old. The dentition of all participants was examined. Besides, the DFS/dfs index, oral hygiene conditions were evaluated, as well as the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and calculus index (CI). The data obtained from each group were compared statistically. RESULTS: When compared to the non-diabetic group, we observed that dental development was accelerated until the age of 10 in the diabetic group, and there was a delay after the age of 10. The edentulous interval was longer in the group with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This was accompanied by a high ratio of gingival inflammation. Gingival inflammation was 69.7% in the group of 5-9 year-old, and 83.7% in the group of 10-14 year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Though there was a greater loss of teeth in the group with type 1 diabetes mellitus, there were more caries in the control group. The PI, GI and CI values showed an increase with aging in favor of the group with type 1 diabetes mellitus. There was statistically significant difference in PI, GI and CI between the control and type 1 diabetes mellitus groups for 10-14 year-old patients (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The findings we obtained showed that type 1 diabetes mellitus plays an important part in the dentition and oral health of children and adolescents.
Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; Dental Plaque Index ; *Dentition ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications/*physiopathology ; Female ; Gingivitis/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; *Oral Health ; Periodontal Index

OBJECTIVETo detect the salivary factors related to caries and periodontal disease and to analyze the risk of caries and periodontal disease in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus.

METHODSThe study comprised 30 children with diabetic mellitus, aged 7-15 years old, and 60 healthy age-and gender-matched children. Caries and periodontal indexes were recorded and saliva related factors were analyzed.

RESULTSCaries indexes of diabetes children [permanent teeth: decay missing filling tooth (DMFT) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4), deciduous teeth: decay missing filling tooth (dmft) M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 1)] were not significantly different with those of healthy children [DMFT M (Q1,Q3) = 1(0, 3), dmft M (Q1,Q3) = 0(0, 4)], but plaque index (PLI) (1.25 ± 0.33) and bleeding index (BI) (0.74 ± 0.45) of diabetes children were significantly higher than those of healthy children (PLI was 0.93 ± 0.31,BI was 0.34 ± 0.22) (P < 0.001). Salivary pH of diabetes children (7.68 ± 0.36) was significantly higher than that of healthy children (7.30 ± 0.32) (P < 0.05), and salivary acid buffering capacity had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Salivary glucose, immunoglobulin sIgA and sIgG were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).Salivary lysozyme of diabetes children was significantly higher than that of healthy children (P < 0.05). Total protein was significantly lower in diabetes children than in healthy children (P < 0.05). Salivary lactate dehydrogenase had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDiabetes mellitus can lead to the changes of some salivary factors related to gingivitis in diabetes children. Children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus may have a higher risk of periodontal disease.

Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries ; etiology ; metabolism ; Dental Plaque Index ; Diabetes Complications ; complications ; Female ; Gingivitis ; etiology ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Male ; Muramidase ; metabolism ; Periodontal Diseases ; etiology ; metabolism ; Periodontal Index ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Saliva ; chemistry