Congenital epulis is a fairly rare soft tissue tumour occurring exclusively on the alveolar ridge of newborns. The exact origin of congenital epulis is still debatable. The objective of the study is to determine the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical findings of congenital epulis. A retrospective study was carried out to determine the clinicopathological features of congenital epulis, diagnosed histologically in the main oral histopathology laboratory in Malaysia from 1967 to 2014. Immunostaining using vimentin, muscle specific actin, smooth muscle antigen, desmin, S100, CD34, CD68 and CD1a was carried out. Twelve cases of congenital epulis were reviewed. All of the patients were females and the presentation age ranged from 2 to 90 days. The patients comprised of 6 Malays, 3 Chinese, 2 Indians and 1 Orang Asli. Most of the cases (n=7) involved the maxillary ridge and presented as pedunculated well-defined lumps (n=8). Excisional biopsy was performed in all cases. Via immunohistochemistry, vimentin expression was observed in all cases; but negative for CD34, muscle specific actin, smooth muscle antigen, and desmin. CD1a and S100 positivity was seen in five cases. The interstitial cells were highlighted by CD68. Although congenital epulis has been first described 130 years ago, the exact nature of its histogenesis remains a mystery.
Gingival Neoplasms

Gingival Diseases/surgery* ; Gingival Neoplasms/surgery* ; Humans

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a localized extramedullary mass of immature granulocytic cells. MS may be found in any location, but intraoral occurrence is rare. This report presents a case of MS in the gingiva.
Gingiva ; Gingival Neoplasms ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Myeloid

Congenital epulis is a rare benign tumor occurring on the anterior maxillary gingiva, also known as granular cell tumor of the newborn or Neumann's tumor, which is seen only in the newborn and is different from other granular cell tumors. Congenital epulis occurs exclusively in female newborns eight to ten fold higher than in males. It can protrude out of the newborn's mouth to prevent normal closure of mouth and interfere with respiration or feeding. The treatment of choice for large symptomatic epulis is simple surgical resection. Wide surgical excision is not required, because no recurrences have been reported. This report describes a case of congenital epulis occurring on the mandibular gingiva, and typical immunohistochemical stain findings.
Female ; Gingiva ; Gingival Diseases ; Gingival Neoplasms ; Granular Cell Tumor ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mouth ; Recurrence ; Respiration

We present a case of a 16-year-old lad with a one year history of gingival mass of the left maxillary alveolar ridge. Excision revealed a cystic mass with brown fluid and irregular calcified material within the cavity. Histopathologic examination of the cyst lining shows a stratified cuboidal epithelium with palisading of the basal layer. The cells of the latter show reverse nuclear polarization reminiscent of ameloblastic epithelium. The superficial layers have a stellate reticulum-like appearance and contain large eosinophilic polygonal ghost cells. (Figure 1, 2) Some of the ghost cells show calcifications. (Figure 3) Sections from the hard, bony fragments show haphazard deposition of dentin and enamel-like material. (Figure 4) With these features, this case was called a calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour in association with a complex odontoma. Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) is a benign neoplasm characterized by an ameloblastoma-like epithelium with ghost cells that often show calcification.1 It comprises only 2% of all benign odontogenic neoplasms.2 There is equal distribution of involvement for the maxilla and mandible, no sex predilection, with most cases diagnosed at the 2nd to 3rd decade of life.1,2 The classic histologic findings are the presence of a stratified epithelium consisting of cuboidal to columnar cells with reverse polarization of the basal layer and the presence of ghost cells. A stellate reticulum-like appearance of epithelial cells is also seen. Ghost cells are the most characteristic feature of CCOT and this may represent an abnormal type of keratinization or the coagulative necrosis of the odontogenic epithelium.
Human ; Male ; Adolescent ; Odontogenic Tumors ; ODONTOMA ; Gingival Diseases ; Gingival Neoplasms ; Maxilla

Pregnancy epulis is a tumor-like lesion with high prevalence in China. The local lesion, the general condition of the pregnant patient, and the complications during treatment should be taken into consideration when making a treatment plan for pregnancy epulis. In this study, three representative pregnancy epulis cases were presented, and related studies at home and aboard were reviewed to summarize the etiology, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pregnancy epulis and share the clinical experience in the treatment of pregnancy epulis.
China ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gingival Diseases/diagnosis* ; Gingival Neoplasms ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence

Metastatic tumors to the jaw bones are uncommon. The most common metastatic tumors to the jaw bones are the breast, lung and kidney. In the jaw bones, the common location of the lesions is the mandible, and the posterior area of the mandible is more commonly affected. The radiographic appearance is quite variable. In this report, a very rare case of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma to the mandible is presented. The patient had undergone a gastrectomy 3 years ago.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Breast ; Gastrectomy ; Gingival Neoplasms ; Humans ; Jaw ; Kidney ; Lung ; Mandible* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Stomach Neoplasms

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common causes of death in Koreans. Most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma are beyond the stage of curative resection at the time of diagnosis due to extrahepatic metastasis as well as wide distribution of tumor in the liver. The lung is the most common site of extrahepatic metastasis but metastasis to gingiva is very rare in hepatocellular carcinoma. We report a case hepatecellular carcinoma with gingival methststasis in a 59 year old male patient.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*secondary ; English Abstract ; Gingival Neoplasms/*secondary ; Human ; Liver Neoplasms/*pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

The congenital epulis is a rare benign lesion which has an uncertain histogenesis. But, recently it is suggested that it derives either from histiocytic/mesenchymal cells or myofibroblasts which based on many immunohistochemical study. Neumann first described congenital granular cell tumor which developed from the gingiva as congenital epulis in 1871. Epulis means "on the gum" or "gumboil" in Greek word. Congenital epulis is located exclusively on the anterior or lateral alveoiar ridge with marked predilection for female infants. The mass was covered with a nonpapillated stratified squamous epithelium of uniform thickness. There was no pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Granular cells have abundant cytoplasm with distinct borders and mitotic figures were rarely found. Six days old female neonate who had 2 x3 cm sized mass with 2 x2 cm neck in the gingival and anterior alveolar ridge of mandible was operated by simple excision and coverage by local mucosal flap. After two years she had normal teeth eruption and no recurrence.
Alveolar Process ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelium ; Female ; Gingiva ; Gingival Diseases ; Gingival Neoplasms* ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mandible ; Myofibroblasts ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Tooth

Aged ; Female ; Fibroma ; pathology ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; pathology ; Gingival Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans